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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Risk Factors of Dementia in Elderly of Bandung City, Indonesia: A Community-Dwelling Study Sarah Fitri Janaris; Sharon Gondodiputro; Nita Arisanti
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 4 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n4.2150

Abstract

Background: Multiple organ degenerative processes are parts of a normal biological process in aging. One of the geriatric syndromes is cognitive disorders that range from a mild cognitive impairment to dementia. The aim of this study was to analyze factors contributing to the occurrence of dementia in the elderly.Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted using secondary data on 306 elderly people who visited the Integrated Health Post (Pos Pembinaan Terpadu, Posbindu) from June to August 2016 in Bandung City, Indonesia. Nine variables were included in this study: age, gender, education level, marital status, occupation, living arrangements, social participation, comorbidity, and dementia. The dementia status was measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination and Mini Cog Assessment instruments. Data were then analyzed statistically using Chi-Square, Fisher Exact, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, as well as using the multivariate logistic regression.Results: Around 35.3% (95%CI=30%–40.6%) of respondents had dementia. There were relationships between dementia and age (p=0.035), level of education (p=0.000), and social participation (p=0.001). Social participation was the most dominant risk factor of dementia (OR=2.703;95%CI=1.491-4.902).Conclusions: Age, education level, and social participation are risk factors that contribute to dementia. The elderly who has less than two times per week of social participation has a 2.7 times higher risk for having dementia compared to the elderly who has more than two times per week of social participation.
Sweet Taste Threshold among Medical Students with Family History of Diabetes Mellitus Nasya Aisah Latif; Yulia Sofiatin; Maya Kusumawati; Rully Marsis Amirullah Roesli
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 4 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n4.1940

Abstract

Background: Diabetic patients have low sensitivity towards sweet taste, thus consuming more sugar. A young adult with family history of diabetes mellitus (FHD) who lives with diabetic parents may have an increased risk of overconsumption of sugar due to a similar dietary pattern, leading to diabetes. This study aimed to explore the difference in the sweet taste threshold (STT) between students with and without a family history of diabetes mellitus.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in October –November 2018 on Class 2018 medical students living in a student dormitory who were divided into those with family history of diabetes (FHD) and those without it (non-FHD). Family history of diabetes and other known diseases were self-reported. The three-Ascending Forced Choice method was used to determine the sweet recognition threshold. Mann-Whitney analysis was used to compare the sweet taste thresholds between the two groups.Result: A total of 183 subjects participated in this study. The non-FHD group had a higher rank of sweet taste threshold than subjects in the FHD group (94.21 vs 81.16), albeit insignificant (p=0.192). Interestingly, the modes of best estimation threshold (BET) for non-FHD group was than the FHD group (0.067 M vs 0.043 M).Conclusion: The BET for students without family history of diabetes is higher than those with family history of diabetes. It is imperative that low sugar consumption campaign should also aim young people without FHD. 
Knowledge and Attitude on Human Immunodeficiency Virus among Migrant Worker Candidates in East Java, Indonesia Faiz Murfid Gunawan; Pudji Lestari; Erwin Astha Triyono
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n3.1824

Abstract

Background: In 2018, East Java province becomes the province with the highest number of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) cases in Indonesia with an incidence of more than 8,000 cases. This province has various groups of Indonesian Migrant Workers (Tenaga Kerja Indonesia, TKI) working in various sectors in different countries, making them prone to HIV infection. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge and attitude towards HIV and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) among migrant worker candidates in East Java.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in August 2018 in the Provincial Manpower and Transmigration Office of East Java, Indonesia. The knowledge and attitude towards HIV disease were assessed using a self-validated questionnaire distributed to 104 migrant worker candidates as the subjects of this study.Results: Eighty-nine percent of the subjects had good knowledge, while 98% of them had good attitudes towards HIV disease. Furthermore, 86% had good attitudes toward HIV transmission. However, no correlation was observed between the subjects’ level of knowledge and their attitude (p=0.334).Conclusions: In general, the level of knowledge and attitudes of migrant worker candidates in East Java towards HIV disease is good. Nevertheless, more knowledge and education on healthy behavior need to be envisaged for this group.
Correlation between Cognitive Function and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Amanda Risviandari; Rensa Rensa
Althea Medical Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v8n2.2145

Abstract

Background: One of the health problems often found among older adults in Indonesia is cognitive impairment, resulting in difficulties daily life and a significant decrease in functional status. This study aimed to determine the correlation between cognitive function and physical performance in community-dwelling older adults.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from October–November 2019. Samples were collected from North Jakarta through consecutive sampling (n=38). Cognitive function was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the physical performance was measured using the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) method. The statistical test applied in this study was Spearman’s rank correlation (p<0.05). Results: The majority of the subjects in this study were mostly female young older adults with the most received ≥12 years of education. The results for both MMSE and TUG were normal. There was a negative correlation between MMSE and TUG scores (r= -0.357, p=0.028).Conclusions: There is a weak but significant correlation between cognitive function and physical performance in community-dwelling older adults. A further study exploring cognitive dysfunction and physical performance in older adults is needed.
Anti-migration Effect of Aaptos suberitoides Fraction in HCT-116 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line Dany Muhammad Daffa; Muhammad Hasan Bashari; Eko Fuji Ariyanto; Tenny Putri; Nurul Qomarilla
Althea Medical Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v8n1.2231

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of mortality and the most prevalent cancer worldwide. Most patients, who come with late-stage, have ineffective treatments and some side effects in chemotherapy. Aaptos suberitoides has potential anti-cancer effects due to its bioactive compounds such as aptamine. This study aimed to evaluate the migration inhibition effect of Aaptos suberitoides fraction in HCT-116 cell line.Methods: This study was an experimental study. Aaptos suberitoides specimen was taken in Tinjil Island and fractionated with ethyl acetate. HCT-116 cell line was added with Aaptos suberitoides fraction and cellular migration activity was observed in 48 hours of which the scratch assay was performed. The gap closure area was determined with ImageJ software.Results: The data showed that a low concentration of Aaptos suberitoides fraction inhibited migration activity in HCT-116 cell line as follow; 1 and 5 mg/L Aaptos suberitoides fraction inhibit 3-4 % cancer cell migration in 24 hours, and 10-11% inhibition in 48 hours, respectively. However, 10 mg/L fraction concentration only inhibited 7-14% of the migration effect.Conclusion: Aaptos suberitoides fraction suggests insignificant migration inhibition in colorectal cancer cells and only inhibits less than 15 % HCT-116 cell line.
Urine Color Analysis of Hydration Status in Employees Working in Bandung, Indonesia Liza Karina Hauteas; Rudi Supriyadi; Yenni Zuhairini
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 4 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n4.1916

Abstract

Background: Dehydration can be compensated for by the body. However, if it occurs persistently, it can cause concentration problems, thermoregulation disorders, kidney damage, and other life-threatening disorders such as cardiovascular disorders. Urine color is a simple indicator to assess a person’s hydration status. The purpose of this study was to explore the hydration status of employees working in Bandung, Indonesia.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from March to November 2019. This study was a part of another study exploring urine color levels. Urine was collected on Sunday morning when the employees were free. Water intake and workload before urine examination were not taken into account. Hydration status was divided into three categories: well-hydrated, mild/moderate dehidration, and severe dehydration. A total sampling method was used to collect data.Results: In total, 178 subjects who met the study criteria participated in the study. The majority of respondents were 40-79 years old, male, did not have hypertension or diabetes, and active smokers. Most respondents experienced severe dehydration (44.7%) although 58.1% had consumed ≥8 glasses of water/day.Conclusion: More than half employees have consumed adequate amount of water; however, the majority are severely dehydrated when assessed based on their urine color. Further study on the balance of water intake and excretion is needed to explore the phenomenon of dehydration in the morning.
Semi-quantitative Digital Analysis for Human Papillomavirus Detection from Environmental Specimens Adelina Siagian; Dicky Bagus Pratama; Fahmy Fathurrohman; Lia Faridah; Savira Ekawardhani
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n3.1918

Abstract

Background: Recently, human papillomavirus (HPV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has been detected in urban wastewater, indicating that the virus can reach the sewer and, eventually, other water environments. This study aimed to develop a semi-quantitative assay for HPV DNA detection from environmental specimens using the PCR gel electrophoresis method.Method: This was an experimental descriptive qualitative study conducted from July to November 2019 in a standard molecular laboratory and non-laboratory administration room without air conditioner. Three brands of PCR reagents and different annealing temperatures were compared to identify the best condition for conventional PCR of plasmid DNA containing the HPV L1 gene. The semi-quantitative data were obtained from densitometry digital analysis using an imaging software. The optimized protocol was then applied on DNA serial dilutions to seek for the lower limit of detection (LLOD) value and the linear range of the assay. To evaluate the robustness of the assay, the protocol was further applied to spiked specimens of wastewater. Finally, several wastewater samples were tested for the presence of HPV DNA using this protocol.Results: A broad linear range and HPV L1 gene detection ability were observed with an LLOD of less than 2pg plasmid DNA in field condition. Although the assay successfully detected HPV DNA from several spiked wastewater samples, certain wastewater could interfere with the assay and gave false negative result.Conclusion: A semi-quantitative conventional PCR method to detect HPVDNA from environmental samples has been established and proven to be robust in field condition with non-optimum cold chain.
Effect of Annona muricata L. Leaf Ethanol Extract in CCl4 Hepatitis Rat Model Kuswinarti Kuswinarti; Ilham Asrori Azka; Dwi Prasetyo
Althea Medical Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v8n2.2225

Abstract

Background: Liver can be damaged by various factors, including the oxidative stress mechanism. This damage can be inhibited by the application of anti-oxidant. The Annona muricata L. leaf is known to have antioxidant properties. This study aimed to explore the effect of Annona muricata L. leaf extract against hepatitis in rats.Methods: An experimental study was performed on 25 male Wistar rats that were given Annona muricata L. leaf ethanol extract at 200 mg/kgBW, 400 mg/kgBW, and 600 mg/kgBW for eight days. The CCl4 was administrated on the eighth day and the rats were laparotomized on the next day. The average number of normal hepatocytes was counted in one field of view. This study was conducted at the laboratory of Pharmacology and Therapy of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran in September–October 2012.Results: The negative control group showed an intact cell membrane, homogenous cytoplasm, and round nucleus, whereas the positive control group showed necrosis marked by a ruptured cell membrane, vacuolated cytoplasm, and degenerated nucleus. The average number of normal hepatocytes counted in the negative control and the positive group was 404.91±34.09 cells and 23.16±7.84 cells, respectively. In the treatment group, the normal hepatocytes were 95.91±20.96 cells (200 mg/kgBW), 74.53±13.59 cells (400 mg/kgBW) and 46.84±8.46 cells (600 mg/kgBW). Statistically significant inhibition was observed (p<0.05).Conclusions: The Annona muricata L. leaf ethanol extract can inhibit liver tissue damages in hepatitis model rats, possibly due to the presence of acetogenins as an anti-oxidant agent.
Patient Satisfaction on Surgical Service Decision Time in Emergency Department of A Tertiary Hospital in Indonesia Shabrina Adzania; Nucki Nursjamsi Hidajat; Elsa Pudji Setiawati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v8n1.2025

Abstract

Background: Patient satisfaction survey is essential for evaluating and developing plans to improve health services' quality. One of the emergency department service quality indicators is decision time. Overcrowding of the emergency room as a result of long decision time may cause dissatisfaction among patients. This study aimed to evaluate the satisfaction level of patients receiving surgical services and the correlation between the satisfaction level and  surgical service decision time.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive analytical study was conducted from September to November 2019 at the emergency department of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. The consecutive sampling method was applied and a total of 110 patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patient satisfaction was assessed using a validated questionnaire and data on decision time was obtained from the patient’s medical record. Spearman correlation test was used to analyze the data.Results: This study discovered that most of the respondents were satisfied with the service (92.7%) and that decision was mostly made in less than 2 hours (79.1%). A weak negative correlation (ρ = - 0.144), was identified between decision time and patient satisfaction, albeit insignificant (p = 0.067), with a confidence interval of 95% (α = 5%).Conclusion: This study suggested that there is no correlation between patient satisfaction and decision time. Thus, decision time is not the main factor that determines patient satisfaction.
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Covid-19 Symptom-based Severity at Admission M. Fuad; Amaylia Oehadian; Delita Prihatni; Marthoenis Marthoenis
Althea Medical Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v8n1.2255

Abstract

Background: Increased Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is an independent risk factor for mortality in Covid-19 patients and is considered as an early warning sign of Covid-19 severity. This study aimed to observe the differences in NLR at admission between patients with mild, moderate, and severe symptoms of Covid-19 treated in a referral hospital in Banda Aceh, Indonesia.Methods:  A total of 114 patients with Covid-19 admitted to a referral hospital in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, during March–September 2020 were included in this study. Demographic information and baseline laboratory data, including the NLR, were collected. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The median NLR at admission was higher among patients with moderate to severe symptoms than those with mild symptoms [6.54 (2.80–97.00, IQR 4.81–9.44) vs 2.27 (0.79–5.07, IQR 1.43-2.98), p <0.001]. Covid-19 patients who died had a higher NLR than those who survived [10.88 (4.17–47.50, IQR 7.00–15.17) vs 6.15 (2.80–97.00, IQR 4.63–8.50), p 0.02]. Patients with moderate-severe symptoms had an initial NLR of 4.63–8.50 and decreased to 2.75–5.43 at the end of the treatment had a greater chance of survival. There was an increased probability of death in patients with moderate-severe symptoms whose initial NLR was 7.00–15.17, which was then elevated to 14.33–23.25.Conclusion: Different NLR at admission is seen among Covid-19 patients with mild and moderate-severe symptoms, leading to significantly different outcomes. The NLR can be used as a simple parameter to determine the severity of the disease and predict the outcome of Covid-19 patients.

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