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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Correlation between Anemia and Malaria Infection Severity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Nigeria Adedeji David Atere; Henry Chijindu Okpoli; Kelvin Aimuemwosa Uwumarogie; Adebimpe Iyanuoluwa Moronkeji
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 4 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n4.2085

Abstract

Background: Malaria and diabetes mellitus are still a significant global public health problem despite the phenomenal progresses in clinical sciences related to the diseases. Both anemia and malaria parasitemia are common in developing countries. It is therefore important to diagnose and determine the correlation between anemia level and malaria infection severity in diabetic patients for better management. Methods: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) infected with malaria were recruited (n=50) as subjects and non-diabetic patients were used as control in this study, who were further divided into two sub-group: non-DM infected with malaria (n=25) and non-DM without malaria parasitemia (n=25). Blood sample were collected to examine the fasting blood sugar (FBS) level, packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb) level, and malaria parasitemia. Statistical analysis was then performed using ANOVA with a p value of less than or equal to 0.05 considered statistically significant.Results: The parasite density in DM with malaria was significantly lower (p<0.05) than in the non-DM with malaria. Interestingly, there was a higher PCV and hemoglobin level (p<0.05) in DM with malaria when compared with non-DM with malaria.Conclusion: DM patients infected with plasmodium have low parasite density but higher hemoglobin level and PCV compared to the control group. There is no correlation between the severity of anemia and malaria parasitemia in DM patients infected with malaria when compared to non-diabetic subjects infected with malaria. Further studies are needed to explore the correlation between hemoglobin level in DM and plasmodium infection
Clinical Characteristics of Rhabdomyosarcoma in Children: A 4-Year Study in a Tertiary Hospital Lelani Reniarti; Nur Fatharani; Nur Suryawan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n3.1871

Abstract

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) in children. Even though the survival rate has increased, the mortality rates remain significantly higher in developing countries due to delay in diagnosis contributed by its diverse and clinical manifestations. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of RMS patients at the Department of Child Health, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted using a total sampling method on medical records of RMS patients aged ≤ 18-year-old during a 4-year period (2015-2018). Data on patient demographics, clinical manifestations, biopsy procedure, histopathological subtype, tumor size, primary site, pre-treatment staging, and treatment were reviewed and presented.Results: Of 30 data retrieved, male (57%), aged 1 to 5-year-old (47%), and diagnosed through open biopsy (63%) comprised the majority of the patients. More than half of the patients came with advanced stage of the disease (80%) and were treated with chemotherapy (83%). Most RMS patients had a tumor located in the head and neck region (40%) with a size of >5 cm (70%) and embryonal subtypes (43%). The remaining patients experienced alveolar subtype (17%), spindle cell subtype (13%), and unknown subtype (27%) of RMS.Conclusion: Children with a tumor in the head and neck region should be suspected as rhabdomyosarcoma, as there are various clinical characteristics of RMS in children found in this study. 
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Correlation with Stage Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma Ifiq Budiyan Nazar; Yussy Afriani Dewi; Agung Dinasti Permana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v8n2.2170

Abstract

Background: Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma (JNA) is a benign tumor of mesenchymal tissue, originating from the stromal and blood vessels with dense collagen. However, JNA has a malignant tumor-like property because it can cause erosion of surrounding bone. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) plays a role in the angiogenesis process. The expression of VEGF is the best marker to determine the occurrence of angiogenesis in JNA. This study aimed to determine the correlation between VEGF expression and JNA clinical stage. Methods: This was a cross-sectional correlational analytic observational study on medical records and paraffin blocks of all patients with JNA at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung during the period of 2016 to 2019. Immunohistochemistry examination of VEGF expressions was performed and VEGF expression was rated based on staining intensity, percentage distribution, and histoscore. Data were then analyzed using the Spearman correlation test.Results: Of 24 patients, 23 males and 1 female, 58% demonstrated a strong intensity of staining. The positivity of VEGF cell percentage was identified as 26–50% (n=6 patients), 51–75% (n=11), and >75% (n=7). The median VEGF histoscores were 2.5, 6.5, and 12 in JNA stage I, stage II, and stage 3, respectively, with the greater VEGF histoscore had a higher clinical stage with a correlation coefficient of (rs) 0.723 (p=0.002). Conclusions: There is a strong correlation between increased VEGF expression and JNA clinical stage. VEGF expression can be used as a prognostic factor of JNA.
Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric with Germ Cell Tumor: Experience in a Developing Country Lelani Reniarti; Anisah Febri; Nur Melani Sari
Althea Medical Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v8n1.1876

Abstract

Background: Germ cell tumor (GCT) occurs in 3% of pregnancy malignancies and increases by 15% during adolescence. In developing countries, the five-year survival rate is 98% and 80% for GCT earlier stage and malignant tumor, respectively. This study aimed to gather information about clinical manifestations of GCT and to evaluate the treatment outcome in pediatric GCT patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, IndonesiaMethods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design with a total sampling method was conducted using secondary data from the medical record of pediatric patients diagnosed with GCT from 2015 to 2018. Data on nutritional status, clinical characteristics, histopathology stage, hematological profiles, chemical markers, treatment methods, completeness of treatment, and outcome at the end of treatment were collected and presented using tables and charts.Results: Of the 44 subjects, girls (77.3%) were predominant, with a mean age of 2 years old and normal nutritional status (59.1%). Patients generally had abdominal mass (97.7%) and most had intragonadal GCT (95.5%), with ovarium (76.2%) as the most common location. The most frequent GCT histopathology was yolk sac tumor (34.1%), with an Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level of >100.000 (6.8%). Almost all patients (97.7%) had undergone surgery; however, 47% of patients did not complete their treatment. At the end of treatment, the majority of patients survived (86.4%).Conclusion: Germ cell tumor has various clinical characteristics. Understanding these characteristics will enable clinicians to make a proper diagnosis and provide immediate management that will lead to a better prognosis.
Clinical Profile of Adverse Cutaneous Drug Reactions in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Puteri Nabilah Maharani; Oki Suwarsa; Susantina Prodjosoewojo
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 4 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n4.1955

Abstract

Background: Adverse cutaneous drug reactions (ACDRs) are common problems in patients during the treatment of various diseases. The clinical feature varies from mild manifestation such as morbilliform, urticaria, and contact dermatitis, to severe manifestation such as Stevens - Johnson syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN). Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased risk of developing ACDRs due to immune system disruption. This study aimed to describe the clinical features of ACDRs in HIV patients and the drugs that cause ACDRs.Method: This study was a retrospective study using secondary data from medical records of HIV patients with ACDRs who visited Teratai Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from 2014 to 2018. Total sampling was applied and results were presented in percentage.Results: There were 94 HIV patients with ACDRs out of 557 HIV patients. Adverse cutaneous drug reactions are commonly found in males aged 20-39 years old. The clinical features found were morbilliform (85.6%), SJS (8.9%), urticaria (4.4%), and erythroderma (1.1%). The most common drugs causing ACDRs were Cotrimoxazole (30%), Efavirenz (28.9%), and Nevirapine (16.7%).Conclusion: The prevalence of ACDRs in HIV patients in this study is 16.9%. The most common clinical features are morbilli form and SJS with Cotrimoxazole, Efavirenz, and Nevirapine causing most of the ACDRs.
Hemoglobin Level Decrease after Open Heart Surgery in a Tertiary Hospital in Indonesia Anabella Nifulea; Reza Sudjud Widianto; Rama Nusjirwan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n3.1924

Abstract

Background: Open heart surgery is usually performed by connecting the heart to a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) machine. The use of the CPB machine may decrease the hemoglobin level and a very low hemoglobin levelcould cause seriouscomplications.This study aimed to explore the decrease in hemoglobin level after open heart surgery.Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective descriptive study was conducted on medical records of patients underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and heart valve surgery in a tertiary hospital in Indonesia in  2018. The total sampling method was deployed to all medical records of patients underwent CABG surgery (n=25) and patients underwent heart valve surgery (n=3).Results: The decrease in hemoglobin level among young-adult female patients after heart valve surgery was 6.8 g/dl. The average decrease in mid-adult male and female patients after CABG surgery were 6 g/dl and 5.8 g/dl, respectively, and, after the heart valve surgery, the levels were 8.5 g/dl and 5.4 g/dl, respectively. The average decrease in Hb level among late-adult male and female patients after CABG surgery was 6.1 g/dl and 5.4 g/dl, respectively.Conclusion: Hemoglobin level decreases after an open heart surgery. Therefore, observation on the hemoglobin level to prevent complications and to facilitate early treatment is necessary.
Lethal Dose of Calcium Bentonite in Wistar Rats Dwika Audiyananda; Hendro Sudjono Yuwono; Adria Adnan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v8n2.2227

Abstract

Background: Calcium bentonite is a type of clay produced by a devitrification of volcanic ash which is often used as a traditional medicine to absorb toxins and waste products of metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine the lethal dose of calcium bentonite in Wistar rats to explore its toxicity level and safe use.Methods: Fifty male and female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups for each sex. The control group was given 5 cc aquadest whereas the other four groups received calcium bentonite solution of 50 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW, 2,000 mg/kgBW, and 5,000 mg/kgBW, respectively, at a single dose. The weight was observed for up to 7 days and analyzed using the unpaired t-test and Mann-Whitney test. The death rate was calculated using the probit analysis. Median lethal dose results were then classified according to Loomis Criteria. Results: No deaths occurred at the highest dose, suggesting that the median lethal dose value of calcium bentonite was >5,000 mg/kgBW. No weight loss occurred due to the administration of calcium bentonite and a significant increase in the body weight was even observed in the male rat group. Interestingly, a significant decrease was found in the female rats group when compared to the control group.Conclusions: Calcium bentonite is classified as a practically non-toxic material with a median lethal dose of over 5,000 mg/kgBW.
SARS-CoV-2 Transmission and Epidemic Characteristics in Jining City, China Jianwei Zhou; Yu Li; Cui Kong; Jiang Yu; Yizhao Li; Qinghua Zhang; Yao Liang
Althea Medical Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v8n2.2373

Abstract

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome has spread to hundreds of countries and infected millions of people, causing more than a hundred thousand deaths. This study aimed to describe the epidemic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and its transmission in a city in China.Methods: This was a descriptive study on retrospective data collected from January to February 2020 from reports issued by the authority of Jining City, China, including data on travel history, transmission, gender, and age of infected persons. Results: During the period January and February 2020, 52 cases were confirmed to be SARS-CoV-2 infections with more than half were males (n=32, 61.5%) and and in the age grup of 31–50 yars old (53.8%). The modes of transmission were mostly primary infections (n=23) and a history of travel to and from outside of Shandong Province (n=14). Interestingly, the infection was the 4th transmission and most primary infectious persons did not transmit the virus to others.Conclusions: The key characters of infected people in Jining City in early epidemic time with the exception of exogenous inputs are male gender, city dweller, and middle-aged people of 31–50 years old. There is a restricted transmission in Jining City of China at the early phrase of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, indicating that the strategy for the fight against SARS-CoV-2 is effective to some extent and worth to be learned by the members of the global village. This strategy includes actions such as home isolation, collective centralized quarantine, social distancing, and face mask use.
Effect of Health Education Video on Knowledge about Stunting among Women in Childbearing Age Annisa Nuraini; Puspa Sari; Sri Astuti; Lani Gumilang; Didah Didah
Althea Medical Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v8n1.2150

Abstract

Background: Toddlers aged 24-59 months are experiencing a very rapid growth process; however, they are also prone to have nutritional problems, including stunting. Stunting occurs mainly within the first 2 to 5 years of life. The main cause is a lack of knowledge on toddler’s nutritional intake among women of childbearing age. This study aimed to explore the effect of health education using video media on the knowledge about stunting among women of childbearing age.Methods: This was a quantitative, experimental study with one group pretest-posttest design conducted in July-November 2019 on women of childbearing age in the working area of Public Health Center (Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat, Puskesmas) Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia. Respondents were recruited using the Multistage Random Sampling according to the inclusion criteria. A pre-test was administered before the health education session on stunting and a post-test was administered afterwards. Data collected were then analyzed using the Wilcoxon Test.Results: In total, 211 women were included. Education video on stunting was proved to significantly increase the respondent's knowledge on stunting (p=0.000, r value=0.690).Conclusion: Health education video clearly increases knowledge on stunting among women of childbearing age. Thus, video medium can be used as a preferred method for disseminating knowledge on various health topics.
Differences in Bleeding Episodes in Severe Hemophilia A Based on Nutritional Status Wenny Simamora; Susi Susanah; Amaylia Oehadian
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 4 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n4.1938

Abstract

Background: Hemophilia A is a congenital bleeding disorder caused by the deficiency of coagulation factor VIII and is characterized by joint bleeding, especially in weight-bearing joints. An excess weight may cause bleeding in hemophilia due to increased joint tension. This study aimed to determine the differences in bleeding episodes between severe hemophilia A patients with and without excess weight.Method: A comparative observational analytic study was conducted in March-November 2019 using a cross-sectional design. Subjects were patients with severe hemophilia A registered in the Indonesian Hemophilia Society Association in West Java and had had severe hemophilia A for at least two years old with complete data on date of birth, height, weight, and bleeding intensity. Subjects were divided into groups with excess weight (excess weight) and without excess weight (non-excess weight). Nutritional status in adults was determined based on age-specific percentile BMI. Bleeding episodes were determined as frequency of bleeding in one year. The Mann-Whitney statistical test was used to observe the difference between groups.Result: Of 226 severe hemophilia A patients registered, only 155 patients were included. Of these, 121 patients did not have excess weight and 34 had excess weight. The median bleeding episodes of in the non-excess weight and excess weight groups were 24(1-48) and 24(8-48), respectively (p=0.761).Conclusion: There is no difference in bleeding episodes Between severe hemophilia A patients with excess weight and without excess weight. However, good nutrition education needs to be provided to these patients since excess weight may increase bleeding in joints.

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