CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia
CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia ISSN, 2355-875X (print) 2355-8776 (online) is a journal that publishes manuscripts or scientific papers in Chemical Engineering. The scope of this journal covers chemical reaction techniques, separation, optimization, process control, process system engineering, waste treatment, food and material technology. Journals are published in print and online twice a year, in June and December by Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta.
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<![CDATA[Comparative Study of Grinding Machines Processes on Laboratory Scale and Production Scale in the Printing Ink Industry ]]>
<![CDATA[Khanif Eko Prasetyo]]>;
<![CDATA[I Dewa Gede Arsa Putrawan]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.13369
<![CDATA[Grinding is a common process in the ink industry. This process is required to achieve a particular particle size based on specifications. To achieve an optimal condition in grinding, exploration processes are needed. However, an exploration that commenced in the production scale will require a lot of energy and resources. This research objective is to build mathematical modeling and correlate processes of laboratory and production scale grinding. The modeled result which developed in a laboratory scale is expected to be implemented on a production scale, thus exploration processes can be commenced on a laboratory scale with minimal cost. Mathematical modeling is simulated in Matlab®, while population balance is the bases of calculation. This research found that simulation can represent observation data. A correlation also formulated to predict the production scale grinding from laboratory scale evaluation.]]>
<![CDATA[Formalin Test using Extract of Red Chrysanthemum Flower as Indicator into White Tofu and Tempeh (in Ende Traditional Market) ]]>
<![CDATA[Melania Priska]]>;
<![CDATA[Veronika P. S. M. Wae]]>;
<![CDATA[Ludovicus Carvallo]]>;
<![CDATA[Natalia Peni]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.16533
<![CDATA[Formalin in food is very disturbing for the people. Lack of public knowledge about the harmful effects of formaldehyde, the difficulty of distinguishing food that contains and does not contain formaldehyde, lack of knowledge in simply identifying formaldehyde in food is the cause of the increasingly widespread use of formaldehyde in food. This study aims to examine the presence of formalin in white tofu and tempeh circulating in the traditional markets of Ende district by using red chrysanthemum flower extract as a natural indicator. This type of research is an experimental study with descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques. Sampling is done using random sampling techniques. The samples used came from the 3 largest traditional markets in Ende district, namely Wolowona Market, Senggol Market, and Ende Market. From the test results using red chrysanthemum extract showed that the white tofu and tempeh circulating in some traditional markets of Ende district were negative or did not contain formaldehyde. Based on the results of these tests it can be concluded that the red chrysanthemum flower extract can be used as a natural indicator to determine the presence of formalin in food, especially in white tofu and tempeh.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Single and Double Activation with Potassium Hydroxide 2N on Charcoal from Fir Wood (Casuarina Junghuhniana) Pyrolysis ]]>
<![CDATA[Siti Jamilatun]]>;
<![CDATA[Eva Nurdiana Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Zulia Arifah]]>;
<![CDATA[Ilham Mufandi]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.15651
<![CDATA[The purpose of this study was to know the influence of the single and double activation by using calcium hydroxide (KOH) with a concentration of 2N. The activation of KOH 2N applied in the activated carbon from pine wood. The activated carbon made through the pyrolysis process with a temperature variation of 500-600 ℃ for about 180 minutes. The experiment performed in two ways: (i) single activation of KOH 2N and (ii) double activation of KOH 2N. The effects of ash content and Iod absorption content in activated carbon were studied. The results showed that the ash content about 8-30% and Iod absorption content about 317.25-507.60 mg Iod/gram carbon. The results of this study standardized by using the Indonesia National Standards (SNI) method. The result also indicated that the single activation was better than double activation of KOH.]]>
<![CDATA[Coal Fly Ash Characterization from Cement Industry “X†as an Initial Study in Its Utilization ]]>
<![CDATA[Farrah Fadhillah Hanum]]>;
<![CDATA[Aster Rahayu]]>;
<![CDATA[Ulung Muhammad Sutopo]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.16715
<![CDATA[The discharge of fly ash from the coal combustion process has become a matter of concern over the last few decades. Most of the fly ash will be disposed of in the landfill. This disposal gives a negative impact on the environment through the heavy metal contained in fly ash. Coal fly ash characterization is needed to be done to get proper information about coal fly ash before it could be utilized. In this research, coal fly ash characterization from one of cement industry in Indonesia has been done by a qualitative and quantitative method. This research carried out some instrumentation such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) and SEM – Electron Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) to analyze the coal fly ash sample. The result showed that the main component in this coal ash sample is SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, and MgO. This information will be used as an initial study in coal fly ashes utilization research in the next research.]]>
<![CDATA[Modified Pumpkin Flour Using Hydrogen Rich Water with a Microwave Dryer ]]>
<![CDATA[Gita Indah Budiarti]]>;
<![CDATA[Ayu Wulandari]]>;
<![CDATA[Siti Mutmaina]]>;
<![CDATA[Endah Sulistiawati]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.16230
<![CDATA[Pumpkin is a fruit that contains fiber and vitamin A which works to prevent diabetes. Pumpkin's use is not optimal, so it needs innovation for Pumpkin, one of which is to make Pumpkin into flour. Pumpkin does not have gluten, so modification is needed. Modifications used are using hydrogen-rich water with a microwave dryer. Hydrogen-rich water has antioxidant content and is safer for the modification of starch food. The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical properties (water content and expandability) and beta carotene levels in HRW-modified flour using a microwave dryer. First, Pumpkin soaked with a variation of time 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours. The optimal results of water capacity and beta carotene levels were obtained at the immersion time of 1 hour by 11%, 7.4 g/g of sample, and 3,164.79 μg/g. The results obtained are higher than the modification of HRW without a microwave dryer.]]>
<![CDATA[Characterization of Activated Carbon from Pyrolysis Process of Bamboo Base Waste (Dendrocalamus asper) ]]>
<![CDATA[Tunjung Wahyu Widayati]]>;
<![CDATA[Danang Jaya]]>;
<![CDATA[Anantyto Danujatmiko]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.15876
<![CDATA[Bamboo is one type of grass that is part of non-timber forest products. The chemical properties of bamboo contain cellulose, lignin, pentosan, ash, and silica. To make charcoal from bamboo it is necessary to go through a pyrolysis process. Pyrolysis is a process of thermal decomposition carried out in an inert condition. Pyrolysis gradually encourages the formation of secondary reactions, where after a process occurs, recombination occurs which will produce secondary charcoal. Pyrolysis at high temperatures can cause activated charcoal, which is caused by cracking on the surface of the charcoal thereby increasing the surface area of the charcoal. BET analysis is needed to find out the adsorption power of gas molecules on the surface and to the basis for analysis techniques that are important in the measurement of a certain surface area of the material. The ability of activated charcoal to absorb liquid N2 is carried out at 77K with the GSA Quantachrome NovaWin. The largest surface area was obtained in this study at a temperature of 800 °C with pyrolysis time for 3 hours which resulted in a surface area value of 343.9424 m2/g of activated carbon. Based on this research, it can be concluded that higher temperatures and the longer pyrolysis time of pyrolysis, the higher value of the surface area that is produced at a certain temperature and time until the carbon pores are damaged.]]>
<![CDATA[Development of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Distributed Simulator Based on IEC 61499 ]]>
<![CDATA[Wildan Fatkhurrohman]]>;
<![CDATA[Awang Noor Indra Wardana]]>;
<![CDATA[Ester Wijayanti]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.15610
<![CDATA[Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) is one of the most important process units in oil refining. Operator skill is one of the determining factors for operational success. The operator cannot train his skills at the plant because it will endanger the ongoing process. Operators' skills can be trained through simulation media. This study developed an FCC model IV process simulator to meet these needs. The application of the IEC 61499 standard uses to create simulation models based on IEC 61499 runtime environments (FORTE). Model validation based on reference simulations. The average percentage of error steady under normal operating conditions is 1.63%. Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) values for changes in the coking factor, atmospheric temperature and feed temperature are 4.40%, 7.26%, and 6.05%, respectively. Modeling of FCC products on 6 components (gas oil, diesel oil, gasoline, light gas, liquid petroleum gas, and coke) was added as a simulation result. Percent of gas oil conversion between simulation results and plant data has an error of 0.12%. The total fraction value of the components of the simulation results is 1.00 for each operating condition. The simulator interface in the form of a human-machine interface (HMI) was developed using Node-RED. Data communication between FCC simulation models on FORTE and HMI on Node-RED uses the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) communication protocol. Implementation of the IEC 61499 standard allows the simulation model to be distributed across several resources. The distribution of resources is done by simulating the FCC process to be run on several FORTE. The FCC simulation model distributed at 2, 4, and 7 resources can reduce memory usage compared to the 1 centralized resource model by 18.0%, 36.0%, and 48.8%.]]>
<![CDATA[Pyrolysis of Used Tires Using Spent Catalyst of Crude Oil Cracking Process from Pertamina RU III ]]>
<![CDATA[kiagus ahmad roni]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Roy Tri Handono]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.15715
<![CDATA[The additional waste of used tires increases every year in direct proportion to the growth of motorized vehicles. Problems caused by used tire waste will also increase if there is no right solution to reduce waste. Catalytic pyrolysis is one way to change used tires into another form that has the benefit of liquid fuel. Polystyrene contained in used tires is a synthetic polymer that can be converted into liquid fuel by pyrolysis method. PT Pertamina RU III Palembang's former petroleum cracking catalyst can still be reused as a catalyst in the pyrolysis of used tires to improve the process by reducing cracking temperature and cracking time to obtain maximum liquid fuel. The process is carried out using 500 grams of used tire rubber with catalysts of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of the weight of used tire rubber with a heating time of 120 minutes and 180 minutes. Based on the results of the study, the highest volume of liquid fuel was produced from the addition of an 80% catalyst from the weight of the used tire rubber with a pyrolysis time of 180 minutes, 71 ml. The liquid fuel obtained is then analyzed using Gas Chromatography. From this analysis, the results obtained from the pyrolysis of used tire rubber using a catalyst used by PT Pertamina RU III Palembang used oil is approaching premium fuel. So it can be concluded that used rubber tires containing polystyrene can be processed into liquid fuels.]]>
<![CDATA[Improving UV Protection of Cotton Fabrics Dyed with Peristrophe bivalvis Extract using UV Absorber ]]>
<![CDATA[Rachma Tia Evitasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Edia Rahayuningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.16355
<![CDATA[UV radiation from the sun that constantly exposes the skin can cause skin damage such as sunburn and skin cancer. The damage from UV can be reduced by clothing. Increasing UV protection on cotton fabric can be done by adding UV absorbers. The effect of type, treatment, and concentration of UV absorber on cotton dyed with phenoxazine natural dyes from Peristrophe bivalvis was studied. Two types of UV absorber were used, benzophenone and benzotriazole. Concentrations of UV absorber used in this study ranging from 5% to 15% on weight of fabric applied on three treatments, before dyeing, after dyeing, and both. UV protection on the cotton fabric was expressed by the UV Protection Factor (UPF) value. Lightfastness, washing fastness and rubbing fastness were also performed using grayscale. The use of UV absorbers increases the UPF value of dyed cotton by before and after dyeing treatment. The best UPF value was achieved by adding benzotriazole with a concentration of 15% by before and after treatment resulting in a UPF value of 5.45. The results of light fastness, washing fastness, and rubbing fastness ware also improved by the addition of UV absorber.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Contact Time of Rice Husk Ash and Poly Aluminum Chloride to Reduce the Concentration of Rhodamin B Dyes Using the Adsorption-Fluidization Method ]]>
<![CDATA[Agung Sugiharto]]>;
<![CDATA[Imam Hoyali]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahmad Fadli Arya Ghifari]]>;
<![CDATA[Tasya Hudani Nabilla]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.16529
<![CDATA[The disposal of rhodamine B of industrial wastewater into the environment without treatment causing water pollution. The purpose of this study is to utilize rice husks as activated carbon which is used to treat industrial wastewater through the adsorption – fluidization process. Also, to determine the effect of variations in contact time on the adsorption process. Carbon from rice husk is activated used 36% HCl. The adsorption process used activated carbon is variated in contact time for 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes. Based on the result of this research, the optimal contact time is 120 minutes. At that time, activated carbon from rice husk can reduce initial levels of 50 ppm to 1.142 ppm.]]>
