Articles
<![CDATA[PEMBUATAN BIOADITIF TRIACETIN DENGAN KATALIS PADAT SILICA ALUMINA ]]>
<![CDATA[Aktawan, Agus]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 5, No 2 (2016): December 2016 [Nationally Accredited] ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Semarang State University ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v5i2.8306
<![CDATA[Triasetin is a bioaditif to increase the octane number of the gasoline. Triasetin was generated from the reaction between giserol and acetic acid. Glycerol is a byproduct of biodiesel production. Triasetin production can reduce glycerol which is actually a waste by converting it into bioaditif having higher value. The reaction can be accelerated by addition of catalysts either solid or liquid catalyst. The reaction in this study used a solid catalyst types Silica Alumina. The reaction takes place in the three-neck flask reactor which is equipped with heating unit, mixers, and tools to take samples at regular intervals. Variables used in this research is the variety of reaction time and the reaction temperature (70, 80, 90, 100, and 1100C). The concentration of triasetin obtained will be known through the analysis of Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results of the analysis of GC or GC-MS treated or counted so getting glycerol conversion and selectivity of triasetin. The highest glycerol conversion 8,45% occurs at a temperature of 700C the reaction time of 90 minutes with triasetin selectivity 100%.]]>
<![CDATA[Modifikasi Limbah Abu Layang menjadi Adsorben untuk Mengurangi Limbah Zat Warna pada Industri Tekstil ]]>
<![CDATA[Sutrisno, Bachrun]]>;
<![CDATA[Hidayat, Arif]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Desember 2014 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v1i2.3571
<![CDATA[Abundant supplies of coal make this compound as alternative fuels, especially for the industry. However, using of coal has shortcomings; incomplete combustion of coal produces solid waste that often called the fly ash. Results of mineral analysis showed that fly ash contain metal oxides such as silica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3) and iron (Fe2O3). The presence of silica and alumina components allows fly ash to be synthesized into materials that have structure similar to zeolite. This material is known as zeolite like materials (ZLM).This study aims to synthesize ZLM of fly ash as adsorbent material. To determine the successful of synthesis also has been analyzed physicochemical properties of zeolite-like material. Then the results are used as adsorbent of textile dyes.The results showed that fly ash can be synthesized into zeolite-like material, this is indicated by the increasing of physicochemical properties. The experiment shown that the adsorption ability of fly ash in the reduction of textile dyes after modifiedis better.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengolahan Slurry Sampah melalui Microbial Fuel Cells di Pasar Giwangan Yogyakarta ]]>
<![CDATA[Mufandi, Ilham]]>;
<![CDATA[Azizah, Isti Nur]]>;
<![CDATA[Efendi, Arpan]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v5i1.11868
<![CDATA[The vegetable waste is one of the biomass types that it can produce electrical energy. This article focused on electrical production of vegetable waste using microbial fuel cells (MFCS) MFCs is the primary type of the bioelectrochemical system (BECs) that to replaces the biomass to electrical energy spontaneously by activity metabolism of the microorganism. The objectives of this work were to investigate the process of electrical production from Chinese cabbage and the combination of the materials to produce the electrical energy. The experiment was carried out in a laboratory-sall such as mini reactor MFCs, Chinese cabbage as the material of vegetable waste and EM4 as the fermentation. Sample combination was consist of two parts that the first part was used 1 kg Chinese cabbage, 2 liter water and 20 ml EM4. The second part was used 2 kg Chinese cabbage, 1 liter water and 20 ml EM4. The result showed that the electrical voltage in part 1 at 0.362 V and pH at 6 was lower than the electrical voltage in part 2 at 0.724 V and pH at 7. Declining electric energy is influenced by pH as microorganisms living place and the formation process of attached media at the electrode.]]>
<![CDATA[MODIFICATION OF IRON OXIDE CATALYSTS SUPPORTED ON THE BIOMASS BASED ACTIVATED CARBON FOR DEGRADATION OF DYE WASTEWATER ]]>
<![CDATA[Amelia, Shinta]]>;
<![CDATA[Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>;
<![CDATA[Ariyanto, Teguh]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 7, No 2 (2018): December 2018 [Nationally Accredited] ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v7i2.17174
<![CDATA[Methylene blue is one of the dyes in textile industries which has a negative impact on the environment. This compound is very stable, so it is difficult to degrade naturally. Methylene blue can be harmful to the environment if it is in a very large concentration, because it can increase the value of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) which can damage the balance of environment ecosystem. Adsorption method by using activated carbon as the adsorbent is one of the most efficient and effective techniques in dye removal due to its large adsorption capacity. However, the adsorption method using activated carbon only removes the pollutant compounds to other media or phases. Other method that can be used includes Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs). This method has the advantage of being able to degrade harmful compounds in the waste through oxidation (oxidative degradation) processes. One method of AOPs is the process by using Fenton reagents. This study was aimed to prepare and characterize iron oxide/porous activated carbon catalyst. The type of porous activated carbon used was carbon from biomass derived carbon with microporous character. This biomass carbon is obtained from renewable natural products, namely coconut shell.The kinetics and adsorption models in the material will be derived and evaluated from the research data. Based on the research, it can be concluded that catalytic degradation is very effective for degradation of dye wastewater. Methylene blue degradation increases with the use of Fe2O3/activated carbon catalyst and the addition of hydrogen peroxide as the Fenton reagent. In addition, the pore structure difference in the catalyst also had a significant effect on the methylene blue degradation reaction resulting in increased capacity of methylene blue degradation reactions.]]>
<![CDATA[The Utilization of Fiddle-Leaf Fig Waste Into Food Preservative ]]>
<![CDATA[Astuti, Erna]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 8, No 1 (2019): June 2019 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2] ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v8i1.19859
<![CDATA[Fiddle-leaf Fig is a tree that is widely used as a protective or plants or shade. This plant is usually found on the side of the road, in the office area and as houseplants. The presence of fiddle-leaf fig leaves that fall from the tree will be a waste for the environment. This study proposes utilization of fiddle-leaf fig waste by pyrolysis method using pyrolysis triple condenser. Thermal analysis was done before experiments using a thermo gravimetric analyzer in the range of temperature of room temperature until 1000 ºC. Process was carried out at heating temperature of 350ºC, 375ºC, 400ºC, 425ºC, 450ºC, 475ºC and 500ºC. The product of pyrolysis were obtained from liquid coming out from the residue container, the first and second condenser, and the smoke is coming out from the third condenser. The smokes were absorbed with water. Further, all of the liquid were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS). The analysis results show that the main components of pyrolysis liquid products are carboxylic acids, ketones, alcohols, and alkanes. There is gasoline and kerosene in the liquid, so it has the potential to become bio-oil. The largest potential of fiddle-leaf fig waste is as raw material for food preservative because it contains many carboxylic acid compounds.]]>
<![CDATA[Konsumsi Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) Pada Mahasiswa ]]>
<![CDATA[Dyah Suryani]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>;
<![CDATA[Rustiawan, Asep]]>
<![CDATA[ Afiasi : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 4 No 2 (2019): Afiasi ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Wiralodra ]]>
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DOI: 10.31943/afiasi.v4i2.55
<![CDATA[The high consumption of bottled water contributes to environmental problems, including water waste and pollution. Environmental problems caused by plastic bottles, waste of drinking water because they are not drunk, soil pollution due to the presence of the water that cannot be decomposed. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with consumption of Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK) in students in terms of practical, health and the environment. This study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach by conducting an online survey of students from a private university in the city of Yogyakarta to explore the factors associated with the consumption of bottled drinking water. Respondents (N = 156) taken randomly. The results of the study stated that students chose bottled water from the practical side not influenced by gender, study programs, the number of semesters taken, and the amount of pocket money. Consumption of bottled water for health reasons is influenced by the origin of the study program (p-value 0.041) and the number of semesters taken (p-value 0.002). The consumption of bottled water for environmental reasons is influenced by the number of semesters that have been taken (p-value 0.015) and the status of residence in Yogyakarta (p-value 0.035).]]>
<![CDATA[The Production of Liquid Fuel from Plastic Wastes by Using Waste Garbage Power Plant: Study on the Effect of Electric Load and Fuel/Gasoline to Solar Ratio ]]>
<![CDATA[Roni, Kiagus Ahmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>;
<![CDATA[Mustakim, Imam]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 9, No 1 (2020): June 2020 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2] ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v9i1.23231
<![CDATA[The type of plastic waste that is often a problem in many cities in Indonesia is Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), his is due to the plastic waste plastic waste bags has no longer economic value. One of the goals of plastic waste processing is usng it as a raw material for the Waste Garbage Power Plant (PLTSa). The most profitable in handling plastic waste by converting plastic waste into fuel oil as an alternative energy source because plastic is basically derived from petroleum. Plastic also has a fairly high heating value equivalent to gasoline and diesel fuel. Some studies related to plastic processing have not been integrated from the production process to downstream products in the form of electric products to get the overall level of plant efficiency. Therefore a research of plastic waste power plants needs to be done at the prototype level to determine the performance of the fuel and the level of efficiency of the resulting assemblers. The Pyrolysis Reactor Prototype Unit can be used to convert plastic bottle waste into liquid fuel with a yield of 56.26% carried out at a process temperature of 170 oC and the resulting heating value reaches 19644 Btu/lb close to the heating value of Pertamina Gasoline. The generator system performance test for the liquid fuel mixture (BBC) with Gasoline and Diesel has an optimal mixture ratio in the BBC - Bensi / Solar mixture 3: 2 with an optimal load of 800 Watt. In the generator system performance test for liquid fuel mixture (BBC) with Gasoline/Diesel is more optimal for comparison of BBC fuel with Gasoline, because for the BBC mixture with Gasoline in all generator system comparison values occur ignition. Whereas BBC with Solar does not ignite at a ratio of 0: 5, 1: 4 and 2: 3.]]>
<![CDATA[Active Charcoal from Palm Kernel Shells as a Catalyst in The Production of Biodiesel ]]>
<![CDATA[Astuti, Erna]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>;
<![CDATA[Budiarti, Gita Indah]]>;
<![CDATA[Dewi, Ayu Citra]]>;
<![CDATA[Husna, Mar'atul]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 9, No 2 (2020): December 2020 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2] ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v9i02.21991
<![CDATA[Palm kernel shells are one of the main wastes for processing of palm oil. Palm kernel shells are waste that can be used as a catalyst in the biodiesel production. Besides many natural ingredients, the price of catalyst prepared from these materials is also relatively cheap compared to other catalysts, make the biodiesel production more sustainable, and environmentally friendly. This study aims to make activated carbon from palm shell through the process of carbonization and chemical activation. The carbonization process was carried out at 550oC for 3 hours until charcoal was formed. While the activation process was carried out using ZnCl2 activators with concentrations of 0.1 M, 0.25 M, 0.5 M and 1 M which were activated for 4 hours at 90oC.  Based on the results of the FTIR analysis the presence of O-H and C-O bonds indicates that the carbon produced from the palm kernel shell tends to be polar (volatile). Thus the charcoal produced can be used as catalyst in the biodiesel production. For the SEM test results, it can be seen morphologically that more pore crystals are added and are still brittle at a ZnCl2 concentration of 0.1 M. Based on FTIR and SEM analysis, the best activated charcoal was activated charcoal with a concentration of 0.25 M ZnCl2.]]>
<![CDATA[Peningkatan Pengetahuan Peserta Training of Trainer (ToT) “Pelatihan Batik dengan Pewarnaan Alami” dengan Penyuluhan Mengenai Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Batik ]]>
<![CDATA[Hakika, Dhias Cahya]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>;
<![CDATA[Evitasari, Rachma Tia]]>;
<![CDATA[Bhakti, Caraka Putra]]>;
<![CDATA[Robi’in, Bambang]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Abdimas Vol 25, No 2 (2021): December 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/abdimas.v25i2.34828
<![CDATA[Batik tulis merupakan salah satu warisan kesenian tradisional budaya Indonesia, khususnya bagi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta yang sejak tahun 2014 ditetapkan sebagai Kota Batik Dunia oleh World Craft Council. Namun, eksistensi batik tulis pelan-pelan tergeser seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi yang menyebabkan semakin maraknya produksi batik cap dan batik cetak sehingga minat generasi muda terhadap batik tulis menurun. Untuk meningkatkan minat dan motivasi generasi penerus agar lebih mengenal batik dan proses pembuatannya, dilakukan kegiatan “Pelatihan Batik dengan Pewarnaan Alami” yang ditujukan untuk anak-anak SD bekerja sama dengan Balai Agung Cendana dengan melibatkan mahasiswa sebagai instruktur. Sebelum diterjunkan menjadi instruktur pelatihan, mahasiswa terlebih dahulu mengikuti kegiatan training of trainer (ToT) agar pelatihan dapat berjalan dengan baik. Agar memiliki pemahaman yang komprehensif tentang proses pembuatan batik, para peserta ToT juga diberikan penyuluhan tentang limbah cair industri batik. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman para peserta ToT mengenai limbah cair yang dihasilkan dari pewarnaan batik beserta dampak lingkungan dan metode pengolahannya. Para peserta ToT nantinya akan menjadi instruktur pada pelatihan membatik sehingga diharapkan dapat turut meneruskan dan menyebarluaskan informasi mengenai pengetahuan yang diperoleh. Kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan dengan metode penyuluhan dan terdiri dari tahap persiapan dan sosialisasi, pelaksanaan penyuluhan, serta evaluasi. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan pada tanggal 22 Desember 2021 dengan lokasi di Balai Agung Cendana Yogyakarta. Kegiatan penyuluhan berhasil dilaksanakan kepada para peserta sebanyak 40 orang. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman para peserta tentang dampak limbah cair industri batik terhadap lingkungan dan metode pengolahannya sebesar 32,80%, dari semula 59,73% menjadi 92,53%. ]]>
<![CDATA[Modifikasi Limbah Abu Layang menjadi Adsorben untuk Mengurangi Limbah Zat Warna pada Industri Tekstil ]]>
<![CDATA[Bachrun Sutrisno]]>;
<![CDATA[Arif Hidayat]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Desember 2014 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v1i2.3571
<![CDATA[Abundant supplies of coal make this compound as alternative fuels, especially for the industry. However, using of coal has shortcomings; incomplete combustion of coal produces solid waste that often called the fly ash. Results of mineral analysis showed that fly ash contain metal oxides such as silica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3) and iron (Fe2O3). The presence of silica and alumina components allows fly ash to be synthesized into materials that have structure similar to zeolite. This material is known as zeolite like materials (ZLM).This study aims to synthesize ZLM of fly ash as adsorbent material. To determine the successful of synthesis also has been analyzed physicochemical properties of zeolite-like material. Then the results are used as adsorbent of textile dyes.The results showed that fly ash can be synthesized into zeolite-like material, this is indicated by the increasing of physicochemical properties. The experiment shown that the adsorption ability of fly ash in the reduction of textile dyes after modifiedis better.]]>
