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CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : 2355875X     EISSN : 23558776     DOI : 10.26555
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy
CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia ISSN, 2355-875X (print) 2355-8776 (online) is a journal that publishes manuscripts or scientific papers in Chemical Engineering. The scope of this journal covers chemical reaction techniques, separation, optimization, process control, process system engineering, waste treatment, food and material technology. Journals are published in print and online twice a year, in June and December by Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta.
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Articles 189 Documents
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Uji Aktivitas Adsoben Karbon Aktif Tempurung Kelapa Termodifikasi dengan Active Site Fe2O3 Shinta Amelia; Zahrul Mufrodi
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 2 (2018): Desember 2018
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (353.552 KB) | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v5i2.12185

Abstract

The use of dyes in the textile industry has a negative impact, namely water pollution if the waste is discharged directly into the river or not treated properly. Liquid waste from the textile industry generally still contains dyes that are harmful to living things and the environment. In this study the dye adsorption method was used by using modified activated carbon from the coconut shell with the addition of the active site Fe2O3. Characterization and activity testing of iron / porous oxide activated carbon adsorbent will be carried out. The type of porous activated carbon used is coconut shell carbon with micropore characters. The stages of this study consisted of the impregnation process of iron oxide on porous carbon, the methylene blue adsorption process and the characterization of the resulting adsorbent. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the adsorption of Fe2O3 / coconut shell activated carbon is very effectively applied for the absorption of dye wastewater. The adsorption capacity of methylene blue increased with increasing concentrations of loading of active sites of Fe and the percentage of adsorption capacity in the 180 minute reaction was 89.8% with the loading of iron oxide / coconut shell adsorbent 2%. In addition, from the results of the adsorbent activity test with variations in the mass addition of the adsorbent it can be concluded that the mass increase of the adsorbent significantly affected the yield of blue methylene adsorption.
Adsorption Process for Acrylic Acid Removal from Wastewater Nur Sakinah Mat Saad
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Juni 2015
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (557.927 KB) | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v2i1.4559

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to develop the mathematical model of the adsorption process of the acrylic acid by using the activated carbon and also to validate the simulation of the adsorption process by using the experimental data. Simulation of the adsorption process is necessary to understand the acrylic acid removal using adsorption process. Acrylic acid is removed from the waste water because it can cause serious damage to the environment due to its high toxicity for the aquatic organisms. As a conclusion, the objective is expected to achieve. The new mathematical model of the adsorption process of the acrylic acid by using the activated carbon can be created. The validation of the simulation is carried out to compare the simulation data with the experiment data.
Optimasi Pengambilan Antosianin dari Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Sebagai Pewarna Alami pada Makanan Ratna Sri Harjanti
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Desember 2016
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (418.116 KB) | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v3i2.5922

Abstract

The addition of synthetic colors in foods in an attempt to attract the attention of consumers, not a ban, but if the dye used is a dye that is unusual for the food, it is harmful to health. One source of natural pigments that can be used is the red dragon fruit skin. These skins contain anthocyanins potential as a dye.             In this reasearch, the observed red dragon fruit skin moisture content and size of the powder. It also conducted a stirring speed variation during the extraction process. While variable temperature, time, and solvent refers to the optimum conditions of research that has been done. Analysis of the results was conducted to determine pH, anthocyanin concentration and yield results.             Based on the results obtained, the smaller the water content contained in the skin, giving absorbance values are higher. This shows that extractable anthocyanins levels are also higher. The lowest levels of the skin can be achieved in this study was 6%. The smaller the grain size, the higher the anthocyanin content. The smallest grain size achieved was 100 mesh. The highest mixing speed in this study was 300 rpm, the higher the stirring speed, the higher the anthocyanin content fetched.             Organoleptic tests were conducted to study the effect of anthocyanins on the quality of the food shows that the addition of anthocyanins provide the appropriate color and do not significantly affect flavor and aroma. So it can be used as a natural dye for food.
Bead Gel sebagai Controlled Release Urea : Pengaruh Konsentrasi Crosslinker Glutaraldehid Rara Ayu Lestary; Laili Nurin Jazlina; Sperisa Distantina
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (370.621 KB) | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v5i1.9694

Abstract

The structure of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)-carrageenan mixture was chemically modified using glutaraldehyde in order to prepare bead hydrogel form. The obtained beads gel were applied to control the urea release rate. The aim of this research was to compose mathematical model describing the mass transfer rate of urea release and determine the effect of concentration glutaraldehid on the bead gel endurance in water as medium release. The bead gels (CMC/carrageenan mass ratio =1 and 2)  were physic crosslinked with CaCl2 solution and then followed by chemically crosslinked with glutaraldehyde solution (4% & 1%) using immersion method and thermal curing at 110oC for 25 minutes. After being washed and dried, the beads gel were immersed in urea solution. The rate release of urea from dried crosslinked beads gel in water was determined by measuring the concentration of urea in various time of immersion. The result showed that the mathematical model arranged could describe the mass transfer rate of urea release. The higher glutaraldehid concentration on beads gel, the higher beads gel endurance in water.
Comparative Study of Grinding Machines Processes on Laboratory Scale and Production Scale in the Printing Ink Industry Khanif Eko Prasetyo; I Dewa Gede Arsa Putrawan
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.13369

Abstract

Grinding is a common process in the ink industry. This process is required to achieve a particular particle size based on specifications. To achieve an optimal condition in grinding, exploration processes are needed. However, an exploration that commenced in the production scale will require a lot of energy and resources. This research objective is to build mathematical modeling and correlate processes of laboratory and production scale grinding. The modeled result which developed in a laboratory scale is expected to be implemented on a production scale, thus exploration processes can be commenced on a laboratory scale with minimal cost. Mathematical modeling is simulated in Matlab®, while population balance is the bases of calculation. This research found that simulation can represent observation data. A correlation also formulated to predict the production scale grinding from laboratory scale evaluation.
Formalin Test using Extract of Red Chrysanthemum Flower as Indicator into White Tofu and Tempeh (in Ende Traditional Market) Melania Priska; Veronika P. S. M. Wae; Ludovicus Carvallo; Natalia Peni
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.16533

Abstract

Formalin in food is very disturbing for the people. Lack of public knowledge about the harmful effects of formaldehyde, the difficulty of distinguishing food that contains and does not contain formaldehyde, lack of knowledge in simply identifying formaldehyde in food is the cause of the increasingly widespread use of formaldehyde in food. This study aims to examine the presence of formalin in white tofu and tempeh circulating in the traditional markets of Ende district by using red chrysanthemum flower extract as a natural indicator. This type of research is an experimental study with descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques. Sampling is done using random sampling techniques. The samples used came from the 3 largest traditional markets in Ende district, namely Wolowona Market, Senggol Market, and Ende Market. From the test results using red chrysanthemum extract showed that the white tofu and tempeh circulating in some traditional markets of Ende district were negative or did not contain formaldehyde. Based on the results of these tests it can be concluded that the red chrysanthemum flower extract can be used as a natural indicator to determine the presence of formalin in food, especially in white tofu and tempeh.
The Effect of Single and Double Activation with Potassium Hydroxide 2N on Charcoal from Fir Wood (Casuarina Junghuhniana) Pyrolysis Siti Jamilatun; Eva Nurdiana Putri; Zulia Arifah; Ilham Mufandi
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.15651

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to know the influence of the single and double activation by using calcium hydroxide (KOH) with a concentration of 2N. The activation of KOH 2N applied in the activated carbon from pine wood. The activated carbon made through the pyrolysis process with a temperature variation of 500-600 ℃ for about 180 minutes. The experiment performed in two ways: (i) single activation of KOH 2N and (ii) double activation of KOH 2N.  The effects of ash content and Iod absorption content in activated carbon were studied. The results showed that the ash content about 8-30% and Iod absorption content about 317.25-507.60 mg Iod/gram carbon. The results of this study standardized by using the Indonesia National Standards (SNI) method. The result also indicated that the single activation was better than double activation of KOH.
Coal Fly Ash Characterization from Cement Industry “X” as an Initial Study in Its Utilization Farrah Fadhillah Hanum; Aster Rahayu; Ulung Muhammad Sutopo; Zahrul Mufrodi
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.16715

Abstract

The discharge of fly ash from the coal combustion process has become a matter of concern over the last few decades. Most of the fly ash will be disposed of in the landfill. This disposal gives a negative impact on the environment through the heavy metal contained in fly ash. Coal fly ash characterization is needed to be done to get proper information about coal fly ash before it could be utilized. In this research, coal fly ash characterization from one of cement industry in Indonesia has been done by a qualitative and quantitative method. This research carried out some instrumentation such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) and SEM – Electron Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) to analyze the coal fly ash sample. The result showed that the main component in this coal ash sample is SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, and MgO. This information will be used as an initial study in coal fly ashes utilization research in the next research.
Modified Pumpkin Flour Using Hydrogen Rich Water with a Microwave Dryer Gita Indah Budiarti; Ayu Wulandari; Siti Mutmaina; Endah Sulistiawati
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.16230

Abstract

Pumpkin is a fruit that contains fiber and vitamin A which works to prevent diabetes. Pumpkin's use is not optimal, so it needs innovation for Pumpkin, one of which is to make Pumpkin into flour. Pumpkin does not have gluten, so modification is needed. Modifications used are using hydrogen-rich water with a microwave dryer. Hydrogen-rich water has antioxidant content and is safer for the modification of starch food. The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical properties (water content and expandability) and beta carotene levels in HRW-modified flour using a microwave dryer. First, Pumpkin soaked with a variation of time 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours. The optimal results of water capacity and beta carotene levels were obtained at the immersion time of 1 hour by 11%, 7.4 g/g of sample, and 3,164.79 μg/g. The results obtained are higher than the modification of HRW without a microwave dryer.
Characterization of Activated Carbon from Pyrolysis Process of Bamboo Base Waste (Dendrocalamus asper) Tunjung Wahyu Widayati; Danang Jaya; Anantyto Danujatmiko
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.15876

Abstract

Bamboo is one type of grass that is part of non-timber forest products. The chemical properties of bamboo contain cellulose, lignin, pentosan, ash, and silica. To make charcoal from bamboo it is necessary to go through a pyrolysis process. Pyrolysis is a process of thermal decomposition carried out in an inert condition. Pyrolysis gradually encourages the formation of secondary reactions, where after a process occurs, recombination occurs which will produce secondary charcoal. Pyrolysis at high temperatures can cause activated charcoal, which is caused by cracking on the surface of the charcoal thereby increasing the surface area of the charcoal. BET analysis is needed to find out the adsorption power of gas molecules on the surface and to the basis for analysis techniques that are important in the measurement of a certain surface area of the material. The ability of activated charcoal to absorb liquid N2 is carried out at 77K with the GSA Quantachrome NovaWin. The largest surface area was obtained in this study at a temperature of 800 °C with pyrolysis time for 3 hours which resulted in a surface area value of 343.9424 m2/g of activated carbon. Based on this research, it can be concluded that higher temperatures and the longer pyrolysis time of pyrolysis, the higher value of the surface area that is produced at a certain temperature and time until the carbon pores are damaged.

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