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CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : 2355875X     EISSN : 23558776     DOI : 10.26555
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy
CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia ISSN, 2355-875X (print) 2355-8776 (online) is a journal that publishes manuscripts or scientific papers in Chemical Engineering. The scope of this journal covers chemical reaction techniques, separation, optimization, process control, process system engineering, waste treatment, food and material technology. Journals are published in print and online twice a year, in June and December by Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta.
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Articles 189 Documents
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Development of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Distributed Simulator Based on IEC 61499 Wildan Fatkhurrohman; Awang Noor Indra Wardana; Ester Wijayanti
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.15610

Abstract

Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) is one of the most important process units in oil refining. Operator skill is one of the determining factors for operational success. The operator cannot train his skills at the plant because it will endanger the ongoing process. Operators' skills can be trained through simulation media. This study developed an FCC model IV process simulator to meet these needs. The application of the IEC 61499 standard uses to create simulation models based on IEC 61499 runtime environments (FORTE). Model validation based on reference simulations. The average percentage of error steady under normal operating conditions is 1.63%. Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) values for changes in the coking factor, atmospheric temperature and feed temperature are 4.40%, 7.26%, and 6.05%, respectively. Modeling of FCC products on 6 components (gas oil, diesel oil, gasoline, light gas, liquid petroleum gas, and coke) was added as a simulation result. Percent of gas oil conversion between simulation results and plant data has an error of 0.12%. The total fraction value of the components of the simulation results is 1.00 for each operating condition. The simulator interface in the form of a human-machine interface (HMI) was developed using Node-RED. Data communication between FCC simulation models on FORTE and HMI on Node-RED uses the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) communication protocol. Implementation of the IEC 61499 standard allows the simulation model to be distributed across several resources. The distribution of resources is done by simulating the FCC process to be run on several FORTE. The FCC simulation model distributed at 2, 4, and 7 resources can reduce memory usage compared to the 1 centralized resource model by 18.0%, 36.0%, and 48.8%.
Pyrolysis of Used Tires Using Spent Catalyst of Crude Oil Cracking Process from Pertamina RU III kiagus ahmad roni; Muhammad Roy Tri Handono; Zahrul Mufrodi
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.15715

Abstract

The additional waste of used tires increases every year in direct proportion to the growth of motorized vehicles. Problems caused by used tire waste will also increase if there is no right solution to reduce waste. Catalytic pyrolysis is one way to change used tires into another form that has the benefit of liquid fuel. Polystyrene contained in used tires is a synthetic polymer that can be converted into liquid fuel by pyrolysis method. PT Pertamina RU III Palembang's former petroleum cracking catalyst can still be reused as a catalyst in the pyrolysis of used tires to improve the process by reducing cracking temperature and cracking time to obtain maximum liquid fuel. The process is carried out using 500 grams of used tire rubber with catalysts of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of the weight of used tire rubber with a heating time of 120 minutes and 180 minutes. Based on the results of the study, the highest volume of liquid fuel was produced from the addition of an 80% catalyst from the weight of the used tire rubber with a pyrolysis time of 180 minutes, 71 ml. The liquid fuel obtained is then analyzed using Gas Chromatography. From this analysis, the results obtained from the pyrolysis of used tire rubber using a catalyst used by PT Pertamina RU III Palembang used oil is approaching premium fuel. So it can be concluded that used rubber tires containing polystyrene can be processed into liquid fuels.
Improving UV Protection of Cotton Fabrics Dyed with Peristrophe bivalvis Extract using UV Absorber Rachma Tia Evitasari; Edia Rahayuningsih
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.16355

Abstract

UV radiation from the sun that constantly exposes the skin can cause skin damage such as sunburn and skin cancer. The damage from UV can be reduced by clothing. Increasing UV protection on cotton fabric can be done by adding UV absorbers. The effect of type, treatment, and concentration of UV absorber on cotton dyed with phenoxazine natural dyes from Peristrophe bivalvis was studied. Two types of UV absorber were used, benzophenone and benzotriazole. Concentrations of UV absorber used in this study ranging from 5% to 15% on weight of fabric applied on three treatments, before dyeing, after dyeing, and both. UV protection on the cotton fabric was expressed by the UV Protection Factor (UPF) value. Lightfastness, washing fastness and rubbing fastness were also performed using grayscale. The use of UV absorbers increases the UPF value of dyed cotton by before and after dyeing treatment. The best UPF value was achieved by adding benzotriazole with a concentration of 15% by before and after treatment resulting in a UPF value of 5.45. The results of light fastness, washing fastness, and rubbing fastness ware also improved by the addition of UV absorber.
Effect of Contact Time of Rice Husk Ash and Poly Aluminum Chloride to Reduce the Concentration of Rhodamin B Dyes Using the Adsorption-Fluidization Method Agung Sugiharto; Imam Hoyali; Ahmad Fadli Arya Ghifari; Tasya Hudani Nabilla
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.16529

Abstract

The disposal of rhodamine B of industrial wastewater into the environment without treatment causing water pollution. The purpose of this study is to utilize rice husks as activated carbon which is used to treat industrial wastewater through the adsorption – fluidization process. Also, to determine the effect of variations in contact time on the adsorption process. Carbon from rice husk is activated used 36% HCl. The adsorption process used activated carbon is variated in contact time for 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes. Based on the result of this research, the optimal contact time is 120 minutes. At that time, activated carbon from rice husk can reduce initial levels of 50 ppm to 1.142 ppm.
Effect of Contact Time of Rice Husk Ash and Poly Aluminum Chloride to Reduce the Concentration of Rhodamin B Dyes Using the Adsorption-Fluidization Method Sugiharto, Agung; Hoyali, Imam; Ghifari, Ahmad Fadli Arya; Nabilla, Tasya Hudani
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): June 2020
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.16529

Abstract

The disposal of rhodamine B of industrial wastewater into the environment without treatment causing water pollution. The purpose of this study is to utilize rice husks as activated carbon which is used to treat industrial wastewater through the adsorption – fluidization process. Also, to determine the effect of variations in contact time on the adsorption process. Carbon from rice husk is activated used 36% HCl. The adsorption process used activated carbon is variated in contact time for 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes. Based on the result of this research, the optimal contact time is 120 minutes. At that time, activated carbon from rice husk can reduce initial levels of 50 ppm to 1.142 ppm.
Perbedaan Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Minuman Tradisional Wedang Uwuh Original, Seduh, Celup, Instan dan Sirup Retnosyari Septiyani; Elok Rahmawati
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 6, No 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v6i1.14061

Abstract

Wedang uwuh as a distinctive traditional beverage from Imogiri Yogyakarta has been widely known to the wider community and even began to develop a lot like wedang uwuh in the form of the original herb, brewed, dipped, instant and syrup. However, research on wedang uwuh is still very limited. Therefore this study aims to conduct a proximate analysis test on the original wedang uwuh, brewed, dipped, instant and syrup so that the chemical content is known and to test antioxidant activity so that it can provide information to the public about the types of variants of wedang uwuh which has the best antioxidant activity. Antioxidants are important for our health. The importance of antioxidants for maintaining the physiological functions of the vital organ in our body. Based on the results of proximate testing, wedang uwuh brewed and dipped have lower energy compared to wedang uwuh original, instant, and syrup. Testing of antioxidant activity using DPPH and IC50 methods showed that the brewed water had the highest antioxidant activity value compared to the original, dip, instant and syrup variants with an IC50 value of 9195.40 ppm. Factors that influence the difference in antioxidant activity in the original, brewed, instant and syrup include mechanical treatment, heat treatment, exposure to light, and packaging used during storage.
Performance of Tween 80 as Surfactant for Chitosan Drug Delivery Film Nadya Alfa Imani; Maharani Kusumaningrum
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 6, No 2 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v6i2.14792

Abstract

Optimization of the drug delivery system is based on the need for more efficient and effective drugs to fight disease. The addition of surfactant as an additive in the drug delivery precursor solution can affect the performance of the material, especially on the ability of drug release. In this study, Tween 80 was used as a surfactant to be mixed in a low molecular weight chitosan solution. Several variations of the Tween 80: chitosan ratios, as well as variations in acidity conditions, are used to determine the optimum conditions for drug release. Drug release profile fittings were tested on three kinetic models that were frequently used namely zero order model, Higuchi’s model, and Korsmeyer-Peppa’s model. The results showed that the optimum conditions for release were obtained with the use of a ratio of 7:10 with a release profile resembling Korsmeyer-Peppa’s model.
Ekstrak Daun Pisang Klutuk (Musa balbisiana Colla) sebagai Bahan Tambahan pada Pembuatan Kemasan Aktif berbasis Methyl Cellulose Safinta Nurindra Rahmadhia; Umar Santoso; Supriyadi Supriyadi
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 6, No 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v6i1.13724

Abstract

The packaging is important in our life. Banana leaf is one of the traditional packaging materials that is widely used because it has wide leaves and is not easily torn. However, traditional packaging has been abandoned by many people, so active packaging needs to be developed that has an advantage of modern and traditional packaging. In this study the active packaging was made based on methylcellulose (MC) which is added by klutuk banana leaf extract (EDPK) and glutaraldehyde (GA). EDPK studied its antioxidant properties and the active packaging was studied for its physical properties. Klutuk banana leaves dried using a cabinet dryer then mashed up and extracted by maceration method using 80% methanol and concentrated with a rotary vacuum evaporator. Then the extract was analyzed for its antioxidant properties. The active packaging/film prepared by casting with the addition of EDPK as an antioxidant and (GA) as a crosslinker agent. EDPK has antioxidant activity 33,17 ± 0,84 %RSA, total phenolic 76,58 ± 7,95 mg GAE/g EDPK and total flavonoids 29.52 ± 4.01 mg QE/g EDPK. The thickness of EDPK films ranged from 0,062-0,080 mm. The FTIR spectrum of EDPK films shows a relatively similar profile in all film formulations.
Pengaruh Waktu Kontak Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Durian terhadap Kadar COD, BOD, dan TSS pada Limbah Cair Industri Tahu Lydiana Eka Nabilla; Rusmini Rusmini
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 6, No 2 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v6i2.14698

Abstract

The disposal of tofu industrial wastewater into the environment without treatment can cause pollution. The purpose of this study was to utilize durian peel as activated carbon which is used to treat the tofu industrial wastewater through adsorption process. In addition, to determine the effect of variation in contact time on the adsorption process. Carbon from durian peel with chemical activation using KOH 25% containing 10.15% water, 6.14% ash, and iod adsorption of 1194.83 mg/g. Activated carbon from durian peel was tested by FTIR obtained by functional groups of –OH, C−H, and C=C aromatic. Porosity analysis of activated carbon using SAA with BET method obtained surface area of 471.6 m2/g, pore volume of 0.5698 cc/g, and average pore diameter of 24 Å classified as mesoporous. Adsorption process between activated carbon and tofu industrial wastewater variations in contact time during 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. Based on the study, the optimum contact time was 90 minutes. At that time, activated carbon from durian peel can reduce COD levels to 57%, BOD to 59%, and TSS to 72% from the initial levels of tofu industrial wastewater.
Potensi Produk Cair (Oil Phase dan Water Phase) Pirolisis Mikroalga Sebagai Pengawet Makanan Siti Jamilatun; Martomo Setyawan; Ilham Mufandi; Arief Budiman
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 6, No 2 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v6i2.14813

Abstract

Microalgae is one of the oldest living organisms namely Thallophyta (plant lacking roots, stems, and leaves) that have chlorophyll as a pigment to mainly photosynthesis process. Microalgae as the water plant had some characteristics such as high carbohydrate, protein, and lipid content in which can be produced energy (liquid, solid, and gas) by using the pyrolysis process. The raw material in this experiment was used Spirulina platensis as the type of microalgae. The residue of Spirulina platensis was content acid, phenol, dan carbonyl in which this product liquid is potential as a food preservative. The experiment was performed by using the pyrolysis process which is equipped with a cooler (condenser) to condense the combustion vapor. Thermal decomposition was conducted in the pyrolysis reactor with a temperature of 300 ℃, 400 ℃, 500 ℃, and 600 ℃ under atmospheric condition. The result indicated that the pyrolysis proses had oil phase as the top result and water phase as the bottom result. The result from GC/MS analysis reported that the pyrolysis process on temperature of 300 ℃ can produce the oil phase with the phenol content of 6.7 wt.%, acid of 33.03 wt.%, carbonyl of 4.95 wt.%, and Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) of 6.23 wt.%, respectively. Otherwise, the pyrolysis process can produce the water phase (liquid smoke) on temperature 400 °C, 500 °C, dan 600 °C with the phenol content of 0.22 wt.%, acid content of 0.69-9.12 wt.%, carbonyl content of 10.46-13.02 wt.% and PAH of 26.93-45.18 wt.%. The superiority of preservatives from residual Spirulina platensis has a high nitrogenate content from protein decomposition (10.13-31.22 wt.%). High protein content in food preservatives can be used as an additive compound to increase protein intake.

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