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CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia

CHEMICA
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Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

ISSN : 2355875X EISSN : 23558776 DOI : 10.26555

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy

CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia ISSN, 2355-875X (print) 2355-8776 (online) is a journal that publishes manuscripts or scientific papers in Chemical Engineering. The scope of this journal covers chemical reaction techniques, separation, optimization, process control, process system engineering, waste treatment, food and material technology. Journals are published in print and online twice a year, in June and December by Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta.

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Articles 189 Documents

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Pengaruh Panjang Kolom Distilasi Bahan Isian Terhadap Hasil Produk Cair Sampah Plastik Isti Nur Azizah; Ninda Puspita Sari; Maryudi Maryudi
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Juni 2015
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Plastic waste is a problem that has to be taken seriously for the pollution of the environment, especially for land contamination. For now, the handling of plastic waste is normally disposed (landfills), burned, or recycled (recycle). The burning of plastic waste is usually carried out by the pyrolysis method to produce plastic oil. To get the maximum results needed further analysis in the form of purification by distillation, where the distillation is a method that can be used for advanced analysis, one with a distillation column. Fractional distillation often called the distillation column is to separate liquid components, two or more, of a solution based on differences in their boiling points. This distillation can also be used to mix with a boiling point of less than 20°C and work at atmospheric pressure or low pressure. Application of this type is used in the distillation of crude oil industry, to separate the components in the crude oil distillation Differences simple fractionation and distillation is the fractionation column. In this column, warming occurs gradually with different temperatures on each license plate. Different heating is intended for refining distillates from the plates underneath. Getting to the top, the less volatile liquid. The distillation process depends on the characteristics of the vapor pressure of a liquid mixture of components.The distillate was obtained at a temperature of 195oC, 200oC, 220oC, 235oC, and 240oC and the most products component of pyrolysis plastic in previous research was obtained at 195oC, 200oC, and 220oC

Penentuan Komposisi Optimum Pembuatan Paving Block Berbahan Pasir Silika Proses Sand Blasting dengan Metode Taguchi ndaru candra sukmana; Dedy Eko Prasetyono; ufafa anggraini
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 4, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Sandblasting process by using silica sand will produce waste of silica sand at least 70%. Engineering Procurement and Construction (EPC) Industry produces a waste of untreated and unused sandblasting sand silica from sandblasting process. Silica sand waste sandblasting process is a dangerous waste. On the other hand development in Indonesia will increase. It takes a large amount of raw materials to meet development needs. One of the raw materials is paving block. Silica sand waste can be utilized as an alternative material for making paving block. In this research, the experiment design used is Taguchi method. The Taguchi method is used to determine the effect of silica sand waste and the optimum composition on the paving block to produce maximum compressive strength value. The results of this study indicate that silica sand waste hasnâ€™t an significant effect on the compressive strength of paving block and the optimum composition is 1.1 kg of cement, 2.5 kg of sand, and 2 kg of silica sand which produce a compressive strength of 21,56 MPa. The compressive strength is compliant with paving block SNI-03-0691-1996 on the classification of B quality that is with a minimum compressive strength of 17.0 MPa.Keywords: Â sandblasting wate, paving block, taguchi method

Produksi Bio-Oil dari Rumput Gajah dengan Fast Pyrolysis menggunakan Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor (CFBr) dengan Kapasitas 45 Kg/H Ilham Mufandi; W. Treedet; P. Singbua; R. Suntivarakorn
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 2 (2018): Desember 2018
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The objective of this work was to produce the renewable liquid fuel (Bio-oil) form Napier grass by fast pyrolysis in a circulating fluidized bed reactor. The experiment was conducted to improve the bio-oil production (pyrolysis oil) using the condenser. Circulating fluidized bed reactor had a height of 4.5 m, sand as bed material with a diameter 249 nm and Napier grass as the raw material for bio-oil production. The parameter in this work compared with previous research. The experiment was carried out at different temperature ranging from , Â dan ; feed rate biomass at 45 kg/h and a superficial velocity 7 m/s. The experimental result shown that the maximum yield was 39.60 % at pyrolysis temperature of 480 Â as the best temperature. While the bio-char production and Non condensable gas (NCG) was at 10.67% and 49.73%. Respectively, these results indicated that the condenser can be improve the bio-oil production yield in the system. Furthermore, the condenser process has been shown to have a direct effect on the bio-oil yield.

Pemisahan Hasil Cair Pirolisis Sampah Plastik Pembungkus dengan Distilasi Batch Siti Salamah; Agus Aktawan
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Juni 2016
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Plastics waste has become a major issue for environment. Since it invented in 1907 plastic has become most used component on our daily lives. Plastic has many adavantages compared to other materials. In general plastic has a low density, light, varying strength and low manufacturing cost. However, plastic cannot degraded naturally and when not used anymore it will pollute the enviroment. One of method to degrade plastic is pyrolysis. In this method plastic will degrade to hydrocarbon which can used as liquid fuel. Pyrolysis of plastic occurs at high temperature of about 400 oC under free oxygen environment and produces small moleculer weight molecules. This research was conducted to determine the composition products of pyrolysis selective plastic at 450 oC in previous research. The method which used to separate products of pyrolysis is distillation with temperature between 50 oC to 240 oC to obtain liquid fuel as products of pyrolysis plastic. The results of this research were the distillate at 170 oC, 190 oC, 200 oC, 210 oC, 220 oC and 240 oC with volume 2 mL, 4,7 mL, 2,3 mL, 2,5 mL, 5,0 mL and 4,9 mL. And the most products component of pyrolysis plastic in previous research was obtain at 190 oC, 220 oC and 240 oC.

Karakter Edible Film Ulva lactuca-kitosan sebagai Pengemas Bumbu Mi Instan Sperisa Distantina; Nuril Nasdhofa Ayuni; Vivin Sulistyaningrum Yudha Sarjani
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

In this research, the edible films based on Ulva lactuca flour, chitosan, corn starch, and glycerol were prepared.Â The edible films was for wrapping of instant noodle seasoning.Â The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of weight ratio of Ulva lactuca flour-chitosan on the properties of the prepared edible flims. Innitialy, the mixture of Ulva lactuca flour, corn starch, and chitosan were stirred in acetic acid solution 1%. After the chitosan was dissolved, the glycerol was added. The mixture was heated at 80OC and stirred for 30 minutes. The obtained edible film solution was then poured into antisticky surface and dried at oven until a constant weight was attained. The dried films were characterized, including moisture content, E. coli resistivity, hydration index, thickness, and solubility in hot water. Â Based on experimental data, it was found that the best composition of edible film was 2 g Ulva lactuca flour, 2 g Chitosan, 2 g corn starch, 100 ml acetic acid 1%, and 1 mL glycerol.

Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Daun Mangga (Mangifera foetida L.) sebagai Penurun Asam Urat dalam Biji Melinjo Pramudia Bagus Dewangga; Ulys Larasati; Siti Salamah
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Melinjo plants include the types of old plants. Uric acid is the final metabolism result of purine, purine is one of the components of nucleic acids contained in the body of the cell nucleus. Gout disease to result from consume excessive of purine substances. This research to reduce uric acid levels in seeds melinjo order melinjo seeds can be processed into refined products chips with low uric acid using blanching method from mango leaf extract.This research was making young mango leaf extract using distillate water as a solvent. Melinjo seeds that have been peeled after then process blanching is carried out using preliminary heating at a temperature of less than 80-90 °C for 8 minutes, using young mango leaf extract. Water immersion Melinjo is filtered, then analyzed in the Clinical Pathologyn Laboratory University of Gadjah Mada. This research was conducted with seed weight variables 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 grams. Other variables such as differences in the length of time 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 minutes. The preliminary data showed that levels of uric acid in the melinjo seed is 222 mg / 100 g.The result of this research was the highest decrease in uric acid levels using variable melinjo seed weight 10 gr with an immersion time of 30 minutes is 17.86%. Using seed weight 10 gr melinjo carried back to the old variable immersion study obtained results decreased levels of uric acid melinjo seed with most optimal immersion time is 100 minutes with a decrease of 18.43989%.

Kinetika Reaksi Poliesterifikasi Hidrolisat Shellac dan Anhidrida Ftalat Ditinjau Dari Reaktivitas Gugus Hidroksil Lestari Hetalesi Saputri; Rochmadi Rochmadi; Budhijanto Budhijanto
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

This research presents polyesterification kinetics for shellac hydrolizate-phtalic anhydride. The polyesterification kinetics is proposed by assuming that the reaction Â in ideal system, whereas the reactivity of the OH groups are considered different. Polyesterification was started from purification of shelllac by hydrolisis process. Hydrolisis was done by dissolving seedlac into NaOH solution and acidification with HCl. Polyesterification was conducted by reacting shellac hydrolizate with phtalic anhydride. Both of these materials were reacted in a three necked flask under vacuum condition. The reaction was conducted in temperature range of 130-170 0C and samples were taken every 30 minutes for a total of 5 hours, to determine the COOH concentration by titration. The investigation of reaction kinetic showed that reaction model Â could describe the kinetic of polyesterification shellac hydrolizate-phthalic anhydride, especially for temperature below 150 0C. The reaction rate constants were obtained as follows:k1 = 19.7 e (-3802.82/T) g/mgek.menitk2 = 29.4 e (-4062.30/T) g/mgek.menit

Tubular Biogas digester berbahan Buis Beton: Desain Konseptual, Potensi dan Analisa Ekonomi Anatta Wahyu Budiman; Muhammad Cahyadi; Ahmad Pramono; Muchammad Yusuf Firdaus; Yazid Rizal Azinuddin; Riki Agung Prasetya; Sofian Pradipta Respati Saputra
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Desember 2017
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Biogas is becoming a main potential renewable energy resource that provides an environmentally friendly energy easily accessed by people in the rural area. So far, there are three main common concepts of biogas digester as the Fixed Dome biogas digester, the floating dome digester, and the Baloon Plastic digester. With their specific characteristics, the fixed dome and the balloon plastic digester are potential to be applied in Indonesia. In this work, the modification of fixed dome biogas digester concept using cylindrical concrete (buis beton) is introduced. This novel technology promises comparable strength and leaks free characteristics of fixed dome concept, with several benefits such as easier construction and more economical. A conceptual design toward economical aspects is presented in this manuscript.

STUDI PENGENDALIAN PEMANAS PADA REAKTOR HIDROGENASI MINYAK NABATI MENJADI GREENDIESEL DENGAN JAKET PEMANAS Martomo Setyawan
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Juni 2014
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Green diesel is the second generation of biodiesel fuel. The advantages of green diesel compared with the first generation of biodiesel are higher cetane number, no waste on the production, and low CO2 emission. Green diesel was made from vegetable oil with a hydrogenation process at the high temperature and high pressure, this process has high risk to explode. This research was to study about heat transfer mechanism from electric heat source to the reactor with avoid explode, by to avoid hydrogen contact with high temperature above 500 OC.The heat transfer mechanism on the hydrogenation reactor was designed from electric heat source transferred to the oil heater and then to the reactor. This research was studied the effluence of the electric voltage to the temperature of the heating oil and the water inside the reactor.The Result of this research showed increasing voltage cause increasing speed of heating. At the all voltage increasing heating speed occur until 40 minutes as linier and after 40 minutes the heating speed decrease as logarithmic. By indirect heating by electric source contact between hydrogen and high temperature surface can be avoided.

Proses Gasifikasi berbagai Jenis Biomassa pada Gasifier Downdraft Agus Aktawan
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v2i2.4564

Biomass gasification is an endothermic reaction process for converting biomass into syngas. Gasification occurs at high temperatures with limited oxygen. Knowing the temperature profile of biomass gasification wood charcoal, coconut shell charcoal and coconut shell, rice husk and woodchip and seek optimal results from gasification of biomass are the purpose of the research. Research start by ignite the biomass in the gasifier, the air flows by blower and the syngas came out after the filter. Research variabel are variation of biomass types mentioned above. Observations were made up until the biomass in the gasifier did not produce syngas, characterized by gas results could not burn. The results of the temperature profile from gasification of various biomass shows that the syngas appeared in the early minutes (2 minutes until the 5th) on the gasification, such as gasification coconut shell, woodchip and rice husk. Syngas of coconut shell charcoal is 2,825% w/w of biomass and can burn for 19 minutes and resulted in 1,92% ash and 29,57% charcoal.

Page 8 of 19 | Total Record : 189

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Agus Aktawan

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agus.aktawan@che.uad.ac.id

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chemica@che.uad.ac.id

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Location
Kota yogyakarta,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA