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CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : 2355875X     EISSN : 23558776     DOI : 10.26555
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy
CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia ISSN, 2355-875X (print) 2355-8776 (online) is a journal that publishes manuscripts or scientific papers in Chemical Engineering. The scope of this journal covers chemical reaction techniques, separation, optimization, process control, process system engineering, waste treatment, food and material technology. Journals are published in print and online twice a year, in June and December by Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta.
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Articles 189 Documents
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Evaluation and Optimization for Extraction Parameters of Allium sativum Extract using Microwave Hydrodistillation (MHD) Yeni Variyana; Mahfud Mahfud
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i2.20844

Abstract

Allium sativum L extraction using microwave hydrodistillation (MHD) was chosen as one of the techniques for becoming a safer and greener technology. The yield of garlic oil obtained by MHD using water as solvent. The optimization was designed by response surface methodology (RSM) to evaluate and analyze the effect parameters of raw material mass, microwave power, and extraction time. The highest yield was found in 100 g, 450 W, and 90 min of 0.1392% based on experimental data. In addition, RSM using the quadratic model predicted that optimal condition at 88.09 g, 474.94 W, and 99.53 min was 0.1430%, respectively. An ANOVA analysis resulted in a p-value of less than 0.05 with a high determination coefficient (R2 = 0.9971). It indicates that this model gives a significant response and has good accuracy. Furthermore, the error rates between experimental data and the predicted model were less than 5%. The model obtained from optimization is close to the reability runs and could be explained for correlating the yield of garlic oil with parameter conditions using optimization.
Mn/carbon sphere catalyst for heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate for methylen blue removal Yusnimar Yusnimar; Khairat Khairat; Chairul Chairul; Silvia Reni Yenti; Wisrayetti Wisrayetti; Barata Aditya Prawiranegara; Heni Sugesti; Panca Setia Utama; Edy Saputra
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i2.22063

Abstract

One of the latest innovations in textile waste treatment is advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) methods using an oxidizing agent capable of producing sulfate radicals (SO4•). This study aims to determine the activity of the Mn/Carbon sphere catalyst in the oxidation process, reduce the dye content by using a combination of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and Mn/Carbon sphere catalyst as an oxidizing agent, and determine the optimum conditions in the process of reducing dye levels in the water. A hydrothermal process carried out the catalyst synthesis process to produce black carbon from D-glucose solution, then impregnated with variations of 3% and 5% of Mn metal. The degradation of methylene blue (artificial waste) of 25mg/L (1:10 dilution) was carried out for 120 minutes with variations in the catalyst mass of 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, and 0.004g and the mass of PMS 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, and 0, 04g in 100ml sample. Mn/Carbon sphere catalyst was able to activate PMS and was able to degrade methylene blue by 88.16%. The optimum condition for reducing the methylene blue levels in the water is at a concentration of 1g/L PMS and a Mn/Carbon sphere catalyst (5% Mn metal) 0.5g/L with an efficiency of 88.16%.
Design and Optimization of Isopropyl Alcohol-Water Separation using Heterogenous Azeotropic Distillation Emelia Kezia Lasut; Yansen Hartanto; Herry Santoso
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i2.20849

Abstract

Heterogeneous azeotropic distillation is one technique of separating the mixtures that form azeotropes. In this research, a case study will be carried out on separating a mixture of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and water where this mixture forms an azeotropic point. IPA is an alcohol that can be converted into diesel fuel through an esterification reaction. This study will use the Aspen Plus v8.8 simulator. The entrainer used were benzene and cyclohexane. The thermodynamic model used was NRTL. The configuration used in this study consists of two distillation columns with one decanter to separate the ternary azeotropic points. Optimization is carried out sequentially by changing one variable while the other variables are kept constant. The variables used are the number of stages, and the location of the feed entered in each column. The objective function used in this optimization is the Total Annual Cost (TAC). This research obtained a heterogeneous azeotropic distillation configuration that produced high-purity IPA and water products. Based on the optimization results, the benzene entrainer is cheaper than the cyclohexane entrainer.
Performance of D-galactose for Protecting The Corrosion Rate of Aluminium Alloy 5052 (AA5052) in Acidic Environment I Gusti Ayu Arwati; Sagir Alva; Wahyu Irwansyah; Ibdal Satar
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i2.22195

Abstract

The PEMFC systems are generally operated in acidic environment conditions. Consequently, the metal bipolar plate in the system can easily be corroded. Therefore, the PEMFC performance is decreased along with long-term operation. Based on this fact, a mitigation approach is needed to prevent the corrosion issue in the metal bipolar plate to maintain the PEMFC performance. This work tries to evaluate the corrosion rate of the aluminium bipolar plate before and after being deposited with D-galactose. The electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique was used to deposit D-galactose on the aluminum surface. To evaluate the effect of D-galactose on preventing the corrosion rate, it was deposited on the surface of the aluminium (AA5052) bipolar plate. The EPD processes were performed by using a potensiodimic in 0.5 M H2SO4. The results show that the optimum EPD process condition was obtained at 0.5 g/l D-galactose for 20 minutes of electrophoretic deposition time. This work indicated that the D-galactose could reduce the corrosion rate of aluminium bipolar plate with an efficiency of 90.7%.
Effective Treatment of Industrial Wastewater Contaminated with Mn and Pb using Mesoporous Silica from Yogyakarta Beach Siti Salamah; Suhendra Suhendra
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i2.21952

Abstract

The research was investigated using Yogyakarta beach sand as the main material to synthesize mesoporous silica (MS). The MS usage in the environmental field is mainly to overcome water pollution, contaminated from chemical waste used in industrial productions. In the sol-gel method, the silica from beach sand was extracted and synthesized into MS using a dodecyl amine (DDA) template. MS is used as an adsorbent for manganese (Mn) and lead (Pb) printing liquid waste. MS produced was analyzed with FTIR and surface area analyzer (SAA). The process of waste adsorption used MS weight variables of 1 gr, 2 gr, and 3 gr. The MS was mixed in the waste and stirred with a rotation speed of 120 rpm for 2 hours. The solution was left for 24 hours until separated from the adsorbent. AAS analyzed the resulting liquid, and the adsorbent was dried at 100 °C for 24 hours and analyzed by SEM-EDX. The synthesized MS was characterized. It has a surface area of 122.78 m2/gr and a pore diameter of 4.65 nm. The AAS analysis results showed that the wastewater contains Ni <0.076 mg/L and Pb <0.415 mg/L. The SEM-EDX analysis showed that the adsorbent used contains 0.01% Mn, 0.01% Pb, and 0.39% Cu. The research showed that the liquid printing waste analyzed contains nickel, lead, and copper.
Characterization of Egg Shell Waste As Adsorbent for Cooking Oil Waste Purification Gita Indah Budiarti; Alia Ariesanti; Endah Utami; Okka Adiyanto; Utaminingsih Linarti
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i2.22196

Abstract

Eggshell has a shaft and a high surface area, so it has the potential to become an adsorbent. The adsorbent is an adsorbent in the filtration process. Waste cooking oil can be reused as raw material with economic value. So far, the waste bank that accommodates used waste has not gone through the filtration process, so the selling price is low. Waste cooking can be filtered using various adsorbent media, including activated carbon, commercial silica, and local adsorbents such as eggshells. A filtration process on waste cooking oil is expected to increase income for waste banks. The objective of this study was to investigate formulations adsorbent from eggshells for purification waste cooking oil. The variables used were a variety of particle size adsorbents (60, 80 mesh) and adsorbent weight (10, 15 g). The optimal result for the decreased acidic number was obtained at 60 mesh particle size, weight 15 grams.
Bioprocess of of Astaxanthin Production as Functional Food from Aurantiochytrium Microalgae: A Review Suhendra Suhendra
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i2.21954

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has increased human needs for nutrition including functional food and nutraceutical products in line with the need to boost immunity to resist viral infection, maintain a healthy life, and limit fatalities. In this regard, the choice to use functional food and nutraceuticals seems to be a promising panacea. This paper aims to examine the potential of the microalgae species Aurantiochytrium, which is commonly found in the mangrove ecosystem. This microalgae species has received a lot of attention from researchers because of its high content of lipids and other high-value-added components as well as its fast growth and resistance to environmental stress. With current bioprocess technology, Aurantiochytrium microalgae can be deployed to produce high-value-added components such as astaxanthin. During the current pandemic, the need for this product is increasing as raw material for drugs, health supplements, antioxidants, and vaccine adjuvants that are in direct contact with efforts to combat the human coronavirus and prevent the spread of viral diseases. In general, producing functional nutritional products from  Aurantiochytrium microalgae requires several stages starting from the isolation and screening of microalgae, cultivation, extraction of the desired components and finally downstream processing for purification and packaging the product. Although Aurantiochytrium microalgae is found in the mangrove ecosystem, unfortunately, studies on the production potential of functional nutrients from microalgae Aurantiochytrium native strains from Indonesia have been rarely pubslihed. Therefore, it is expected that this study will become a fundamental basis for further research in this field and increasing attention for the production of functional nutrients from  Aurantiochytrium microalgae isolated from mangrove forests in Indonesia. An early insight into bioprocess technology modes such as appropriate isolation techniques, cultivation, and extraction to produce astaxanthin is provided.
Adsorption of Chromium Using Apu Wood (Pistia stratiotes L) Root Bioadsorbent and Modification of Apu Wood Root Hargono Hargono; David Joeventus C.S.W.; Devia Winisar; Muhammad Fahmi Zakaria
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 9, No 1 (2022): April 2022
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v9i1.21603

Abstract

The adsorbent is a material used for the adsorption process. One alternative used in the selection of adsorbents is biological materials. One type of plant that can be used to adsorb heavy metals is Apu Wood. This study aims to examine the effect of Cr (VI) concentration on the adsorption capacity of adsorbent, examine the time adjustment to the adsorption capacity of adsorbent, examine the characterization of adsorbent using SEM and FTIR, assess the adsorption equilibrium using the Langmuir and Freundlich methods and the kinetics of the adsorption reaction using pseudo order 1 and pseudo order 2. In this study, variables are the concentration of initial solution Cr(VI) of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 ppm and contact time of 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 minutes. The result of this research is the capacity of adsorption increases in line with the increase in the initial concentration of Cr(VI) solution as adsorbate. Contact time affects the capacity of adsorption where the longer the contact time, the adsorption capacity increases until it reaches equilibrium at 70 minutes. In SEM and FTIR analysis both tests showed that aluminum adsorbtion using apu wood adsorbent and its modification changed the composition of the function group and the structure of the adsorbent surface area. The Langmuir Isoterm model produces a greater value R2 than the Freundlich isotherm model which indicates that the adsorbent surface is in direct contact with adsorbate and adsorbate attaches to the active site of the adsorbent of only one layer (monolayer). Kinetics adsorption pseudo order 1 produces a value of R2 greater than kinetics adsorps pseudo order 2 which indicates the mechanism that occurs is the transfer of mass in addition to the use of electrons together between heavy metals Cr (VI) with apu wood root.
Innovation of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Carbon Black Composite as an Environment-Friendly Antistatic Packaging Andhika Talentyoadi; Monica Tashya Putri; Ivandre Ivandre; Mujtahid Kaavessina
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 9, No 1 (2022): April 2022
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v9i1.22117

Abstract

Antistatic packaging mainly functions to protect an electronic device from damage caused by the electronic discharge. However, antistatic packaging is typically made with a polymer that's hard to decompose naturally, this can badly affect Indonesian environments considering Indonesian produce a lot of plastic waste. Therefore, environmentally friendly antistatic packaging could potentially alleviate several plastic wastes generated. Antistatic packaging made of Conductive Polymer Composite (CPC)  with Poly Lactic  Acid as its matrics have a biodegradable characteristic, biocompatibility, resistance to thermal and chemical influence. And the use of Carbon Black as its filler can increase the electrical conductivity of CPC. CB is synthesis by burning coconut shells and activation with H2SO4. The synthesis of CPC samples was carried out by 2 methods; melt blending using an extruder and solvent blending using chloroform solvent and stirring with a magnetic stirrer at 650 rpm at 60°C. The filler composition was varied, namely 0, 0.5, 0.1, 1.5% by weight of PLA for blending melt and 0, 1.5% by weight of PLA for blending solvent. The thermal properties of the sample were tested by DSC, it was found that the Melting Temperature of the sample was not much different from that of pure PLA with a difference of 0.4-2.2°C. With the FTIR test, it is known that the solvent has completely disappeared from the sample, and the conductivity test shows a increase in conductivity along with the addition of filler from 9,505x10-12 S/cm to 5,752x10-7 S/cm and 9,872x10-12 S/cm to 1,034x10-6 S/cm for melt and solvent method.
Chemical Properties of Red Rose (Rosa Indica L.) Herbal Tea with Variations of Temperature and Drying Time Titisari Juwitaningtyas; Amy Amalia
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 9, No 1 (2022): April 2022
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v9i1.22208

Abstract

Red roses (Rosa Indica L.) are ornamental plants containing functional compounds that are good for health, such as antioxidants, vitamin C, and polyphenols. Due to the functional compounds in red roses, they can be processed into herbal teas. This study aims to determine the chemical nature of red rose herbal tea with variations in temperature and drying time. This study was designed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two treatment factors: drying temperature T1= 50 oC, T2= 60 oC, T3= 70 oC, and drying time S1=2 hours, and S2=3 hours. The parameters measured were the water content in dried flowers, while the antioxidant activity and total phenol were carried out in steeping dried flowers. The study results were processed using a two-way ANOVA (analysis of variance). The results showed that temperature and drying time significantly affected moisture content, antioxidant activity, and total phenol of red rose herbal tea. Red rose herbal tea produced the lowest water content of 4.55% in sample T3S2, and the highest antioxidant activity was 54.01% in sample T1S1. The highest total phenol was 11.45 mg GAE/g in sample T1S1.

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