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CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia

CHEMICA
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Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

ISSN : 2355875X EISSN : 23558776 DOI : 10.26555

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy

CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia ISSN, 2355-875X (print) 2355-8776 (online) is a journal that publishes manuscripts or scientific papers in Chemical Engineering. The scope of this journal covers chemical reaction techniques, separation, optimization, process control, process system engineering, waste treatment, food and material technology. Journals are published in print and online twice a year, in June and December by Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 189 Documents

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Karakter Edible Film Ulva lactuca-kitosan sebagai Pengemas Bumbu Mi Instan Distantina, Sperisa; Ayuni, Nuril Nasdhofa; Yudha Sarjani, Vivin Sulistyaningrum
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

In this research, the edible films based on Ulva lactuca flour, chitosan, corn starch, and glycerol were prepared.Â The edible films was for wrapping of instant noodle seasoning.Â The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of weight ratio of Ulva lactuca flour-chitosan on the properties of the prepared edible flims. Innitialy, the mixture of Ulva lactuca flour, corn starch, and chitosan were stirred in acetic acid solution 1%. After the chitosan was dissolved, the glycerol was added. The mixture was heated at 80OC and stirred for 30 minutes. The obtained edible film solution was then poured into antisticky surface and dried at oven until a constant weight was attained. The dried films were characterized, including moisture content, E. coli resistivity, hydration index, thickness, and solubility in hot water. Â Based on experimental data, it was found that the best composition of edible film was 2 g Ulva lactuca flour, 2 g Chitosan, 2 g corn starch, 100 ml acetic acid 1%, and 1 mL glycerol.

Pengaruh Total Solid dan Perbandingan Bahan Baku dengan Inokulum terhadap Produksi Biogas dari Jerami Jagung Budiarti, Gita Indah; Shytophyta, Lukhi Mulia; Fajariyanto, Dika; Nugroho, Yusuf Eko
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The effect of total solid (TS) content and feedstock/inoculum (F/I) ratioÂ on biogas production from corn stover by solidâstate anaerobic digestion (SSâAD) were studied. At a F/I ratio of 2, conversion of corn stover under room temperature resulting in higher biogas yield. SSâAD performed as expected at the TS content of 20%, 22%, 24%. The highest biogas yield of 200 L kgâ1 volatile solids (VS) was obtained at TS content of 22%, F/I ratio of 2.

Bead Gel sebagai Controlled Release Urea : Pengaruh Konsentrasi Crosslinker Glutaraldehid Lestary, Rara Ayu; Jazlina, Laili Nurin; Distantina, Sperisa
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The structure of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)-carrageenan mixture was chemically modified using glutaraldehyde in order to prepare bead hydrogel form. The obtained beads gel were applied to control the urea release rate. The aim of this research was to compose mathematical model describing the mass transfer rate of urea release and determine the effect of concentration glutaraldehid on the bead gel endurance in water as medium release. The bead gels (CMC/carrageenan mass ratio =1 and 2) Â were physic crosslinked with CaCl2 solution and then followed by chemically crosslinked with glutaraldehyde solution (4% & 1%) using immersion method and thermal curing at 110oC for 25 minutes. After being washed and dried, the beads gel were immersed in urea solution. The rate release of urea from dried crosslinked beads gel in water was determined by measuring the concentration of urea in various time of immersion. The result showed that the mathematical model arranged could describe the mass transfer rate of urea release. The higher glutaraldehid concentration on beads gel, the higher beads gel endurance in water.

Identifikasi Pengaruh Umur Simpan dan Antioksidan Terhadap Kandungan Karbohidrat dan Kadar Air Pada Mie Tapioka Basah Juwitaningtyas, Titisari; Nurul Khairi, Amalya
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Wet tapioca noodles are a typical food in one of the regions in DIY Province. Traditional processing results in a limited shelf life. Gambir (Uncaria gambir roxb) plants are popular plants to be processed into herbal medicines and nutritious plants. Based on research, gambir has the ability as an antimicrobial and natural antioxidant because of the content of catechins in it. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of using gambir extract as a natural antioxidant in wet tapioca noodle samples. The methodology in this study was carried out by mixing 7% gambir extract into 50 grams of wet tapioca noodles. The finished sample is then treated with storage for 0 days, 3 days, and 5 days. The result of the analysis are in 0 day storage, sample contains antioxidant 80,624 ic50, carbodydrate 41,048 mg, and water 58,575 %. In 3 days storage, sample contains antioxidant 91,048 ic50, carbohydrate 45,744 mg, and water 53,415 %. In 5 days storage, sample contains 94,876 ic50, carbohydrate 60,547 mg, and water 39,100 %. Based on the tests conducted, it appears that there is an increase in the number of antioxidants during the storage period. This is accompanied by increasing carbohydrate content and decreasing water content. Decreasing water content will have an impact on the stability of microbial activity so that it extends shelf life. These results provide the conclusion that gambir extract can provide a longer shelf life effect.

Pengolahan Slurry Sampah melalui Microbial Fuel Cells di Pasar Giwangan Yogyakarta Mufandi, Ilham; Azizah, Isti Nur; Efendi, Arpan; Mufrodi, Zahrul
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The vegetable waste is one of the biomass types that it can produce electrical energy. This article focused on electrical production of vegetable waste using microbial fuel cells (MFCS) MFCs is the primary type of the bioelectrochemical system (BECs) that to replaces the biomass to electrical energy spontaneously by activity metabolism of the microorganism. The objectives of this work were to investigate the process of electrical production from Chinese cabbage and the combination of the materials to produce the electrical energy. The experiment was carried out in a laboratory-sall such as mini reactor MFCs, Chinese cabbage as the material of vegetable waste and EM4 as the fermentation. Sample combination was consist of two parts that the first part was used 1 kg Chinese cabbage, 2 liter water and 20 ml EM4. The second part was used 2 kg Chinese cabbage, 1 liter water and 20 ml EM4. The result showed that the electrical voltage in part 1 at 0.362 V and pH at 6 was lower than the electrical voltage in part 2 at 0.724 V and pH at 7. Declining electric energy is influenced by pH as microorganisms living place and the formation process of attached media at the electrode.

Studi Konversi Pati Ubi Kayu (Cassava Starch) menjadi Glukosa secara Enzimatik gita indah budiarti
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Juni 2016
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Cassava starch has potential as raw material for production glucose and fructose in Indonesia. Glucose of cassava starch can be used as substitute of cane sugar and synthetic sweetener. Glucose of starch production process includes acid hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis. Enzymatic hydrolysis is usually used because non-corrosive, low reaction temperatures and no contaminate product of hydrolysis. Therefore, the purpose ofÂ this paper is to provide existing knowledge of steps process, factors influencing, kind of enzyme and sugar product from enzymatic hydrolisis of cassava starch .

Pengaruh Proses Pengolahan dan Penyangraian Biji Terhadap Aktivitas dan Kandungan Senyawa Antioksidan Sari Kedelai Hitam Mallika (Glycine Max) Wahidah Mahanani Rahayu; Erna Astuti
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Desember 2017
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Black soybean roasting at certain temperature and period was reportedly able to increase its antioxidant activity. This research aimed to evaluate black soybean antioxidant properties after processed into soybean milk. After roasting at 200oC for 30 minutes, roasted and non-roasted black soybean were water-soaked for 12 hours. Soaked beans from both treatments were divided into two parts. First part was steamed for 30 minutes then ground with room temperature water. The second was not steamed but ground with 80oC water addition. After filtration, soybean milk was subjected to antioxidant activity, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and anthocyanin content analyses. Steamed-roasted soybeans milk had the highest antioxidant activity of 43.608%, but it contained significantly lower phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanin than non-roasted beans. Total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and anthocyanin content of roasted beans were 37.99 â€“ 33.8%, 15%, 16.57 â€“ 27.53% lower than those of non-roasted beans, compared in steamed and hot-water added milk. Generally, milk from non-steamed and hot water added beans had higher total phenolics and flavonoids than those from steamed beans, while anthocyanin content remained higher in steamed soybean milk. The results suggested that there was other compounds which responsible on roasted beans antioxidant activity, other than phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and anthocyanin. Comparison of soybean milk processing method indicated than steaming was able to preserve non-phenolics and non-flavonoid antioxidative compounds generated during roasting, whereas 80oC water addition without steaming might optimize phenolics and flavonoids compound extraction.

A Study on The Ultrasonic Oil Extraction and Insitu Transesterification of Microalgae Biodiesel Budi Wiyarno; Rosli Mohd Yunus; Maizirwan Mel
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The extraction and transesterification of microalgae oil are interesting topics-besides culturing and microalgae strain- in the development process of biodiesel microalgae. This is an experimental laboratory study that was run using ultrasonic homogenizer Omni Ruptor 4000, examining the effect of type of solvent, solvent concentration, alga-solvent ratio, ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, ultrasonic pulse, and mixing toward yield. Based on Box-Behnken design, a quadratic model is developed to correlate the parameter to the surface area to analyze certain factors and combinations of dominant factors.The result shows that power, time, and pulse as the most dominant factors that influence the yield. In the extraction, the combinations of pulse-time give better results than power-pulse combination. While in the in situ transesterification, the power-time combination gives a better results that power-pulse combination. Even though the optimum point has not been reached yet, in general, the combination of power-time is categorized as the most influential combination to increase the yield.The experimental values versus predicted values use the model equation developed by STATISTICA Software version 6.0. A line of unit slope, the line of a perfect fit with points corresponding to zero error between experimental and predicted values is also shown that the coefficient of correlation (R2) is 0.97977 (for extraction) and 0.98743 (for in situ). The density of Nannochloropsis sp is 0.924 g/ml, saponification number is 114, 269 KOH/1 g oil. The percentage of FFA is 19.67% consisting of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated Octadecenoic acid (C18:1) 43.49%, Dedecanoic acid (C12) 16.30%, Hexadecanoic acid (C16:0) 12.51%, Tetradecanoic acid (C14) 11.43%, Octadecadinoic acid (C18:2) 5.85% dan Octadecanoic acid (C18:0) 5.62%.

Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass to Synthesize Bio-oil and Chemicals: A Review Nugroho Dewayanto; Mohd Ridzuan Nordin
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Juni 2015
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Increasing of global energy demand and depletion of fossil fuels reserves encourage people to search alternative energy resources. Biomass becomes promising candidate as alternative energy sources since their sustainability. Pyrolysis is one of method to convert biomass into bio-fuel. Almost all of biomass materials can be converted into products by pyrolysis process. However, quality of bio-oil produced by pyrolysis is still considered as low quality, due to their high oxygen content and acidity. This paper provides a critical review of catalytic pyrolysis of biomass to produce bio-oil with better properties. Types of catalysts are discussed in this manuscript, as well as their capability to reduce the oxygen content of product and enhance the properties of bio-oils.

Analisa Efisiensi Water Tube Boiler Berbahan Bakar Fiber dan Cangkang di Palm Oil Mill Kapasitas 60 Ton TBS/Jam dengan Menggunakan Chemicalogic Steamtab Companion Version 2.0 Khaidir Maulana; Lukman Lukman; Faqih Burhan Uddin; Ari Susandy Sanjaya
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Desember 2016
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Some of the factors that occupy the efficiency of the boiler are superheater pressure, feed water temperature, steam temperature, the amount of steam produced, the amount of fuel consumption, and the calorific value of fuel combustion. ChemicaLogic Steamtab Companion Software is software that use to calculate enthalpy value. The purpose of this research is to get the relationship of variation of superheater pressure with boiler efficiency, variation of feed water temperature with boiler efficiency, variation of steam generated with boiler efficiency, analyzing fuel calorific value of 75% fiber + 25% shell and analyzing water tube boiler. From the analysis result that has been done, the relation of variation of superheater pressure with boiler efficiency is not constant but irregular or up and down, the relation of feed water temperature variation with boiler efficiency is not constant but irregular or up and down, the relation of variation of steam produced with boiler efficiency relatively up. The highest burning calorific value (HHV) is 21078,4853 kJ/kg. The lowest burning calorific value (LHV) is 17838,4853 kJ/kg, the highest boiler efficiency value generated is 54.7% and the lowest boiler efficiency amounting to 44.23%.

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Agus Aktawan

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agus.aktawan@che.uad.ac.id

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Journal Mail Official
chemica@che.uad.ac.id

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Location
Kota yogyakarta,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA