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Proceeding Buffalo International Conference
Published by Universitas Hasanuddin
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education
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Articles 46 Documents
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Table of Content BIC 2013 -, -
Proceeding Buffalo International Conference 2013
Publisher : Proceeding Buffalo International Conference

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REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BUFFALO IN SOUTH SULAWESI (A PRELIMINARY STUDY) Abustam, Effendi; Yusuf, Muhammad; Toleng, Abdul Latief
Proceeding Buffalo International Conference 2013
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This was a preliminary study that aimed to describe the reproductive performance of buffalo in South Sulawesi. The study was conducted in three different districts; Tana Toraja (R1), Enrekang (R2), and Wajo (R3). The number of buffalo involved in the present study was 147, 149, and 152 in R1, R2, and R3, respectively. Primary data were collected with the help of a questionnaire in interviewing the farmers and secondary data was obtained from livestock services in each region. The results of this study showed that the age at first buffalo heifers calved was >3.5 years; 91.9%, 71.9%, and 54.2% in R1, R2, and R3, respectively. The remaining buffalo heifers were calving ≤3.5 years of age. Days to first breeding after calving differed significantly (P<0.05) at different districts. In the region of R3 the number of buffalo bred within six months after calving was significantly (P<0.05) higher than in R2 and R1 (67.2% vs 38.0% and 56.6%). Furthermore, the number of buffalo first bred >12 months was significantly (P<0.05) higher in R2 in comparison to R1 and R3 (41.0% vs 20.9% and 19.5%). Moreover, calving interval within 18 months differed significantly (P<0.05) at different districts. In the region of R3, the number of buffalo with calving interval within 18 months was 56.3%; significantly (P<0.05) higher than in R1 and R2; 47.5% and 44.6%, respectively. In conclusion, reproductive performance of buffalo in South Sulawesi based on primary data collected from the farmers showed much better in the region of R3 in comparison to R1 and R2. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the reproductive performance in the two regions.
FUTURE PROSPECT FOR BUFFALO DEVELOPMENT IN WEST SULAWESI PROVINCE BASED ON REPRODUCTIVE MANAGEMENT APPLIED Yusuf, Muhammad; Baco, Sudirman; Karim, M. Nasir
Proceeding Buffalo International Conference 2013
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The objective of this study was to know the application of reproductive management of buffalo in West Sulawesi Province and its potential for development in the future. This study was conducted during a period from July to August 2012 in three different sub-districts; Mehalaan, Messawa, and Nosu. Primary data was collected with the help of a questionnaire to the 60 farmers that included the number of buffalo, raising management, and reproductive management. While secondary data was obtained from related institution such as local government and livestock service. The results of this study showed that reproductive management applied by the farmers was still very low. Mating system of buffaloes in this area was two different methods; natural mating without any help and natural mating with the help of the farmers. Mostly farmers had good knowledge about estrus. Most of them were capable to identify buffaloes in estrus by observing their behavior. In order to improve buffalo development in this region, it is necessary to involve short- and long terms such as extension to the farmers, recording, dietary management, manipulation of the estrous cycle and control of ovulation, the use of high fertility buffalo bulls (natural mating) and AI, crossbreeding, genetic selection, and sustainable management improvement. Therefore, it is potential for future buffalo development in this area such as improvement the general knowledge of the farmers in raising buffalo and enhances the reproductive management in order to increase pregnancy rate and calving rate, and reduces mortality rate.
STUDY ON BUFFALO FATTENING USING AGRICULTURAL WASTE BASED FEEDING AT THE TANA TORAJA DISTRICT Nurhayu, A.; Sariubang, Matheus; Ishak, Andi Baso L.; Natsir, Asmuddin
Proceeding Buffalo International Conference 2013
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The study was conducted in the Tiromanda village, South Makale sub district, Tana Toraja district. The aim of the study was to measure the effect of providing agricultural waste based feeding to buffalo fattening. Fifteen male buffaloes, aged between 3 - 5 years with body weight ranging between 200 and 250 kg, were randomly assigned to one of three experimental diets, namely (A) 12 kg fermented rice straw + 2.5 kg concentrates; (B) 10 kg fermented rice straw + 5 kg concentrate and (C)control diet (ration typically used by the farmer) according to completely randomised design. Formulation of feed was based on agrricultural waste locally available, i.e. rice straw and concentrates. Determination of body weight was carried out every month for four months. The results showed that the average daily body weight gain (ADG) of buffaloes in the treatment B was the highest compared to that of the treatment A and C, namely 0.8 kg/head/day; 0.6 kg/head /day and 0.3 kg/head/day, respectively. Feed conversion ratio for each treatment was 31.6 (A), 14.87 (B), and 41.3(C). In conclusion, provision of feed based on agricultural waste such as rice straw plus concentrates increased body weight gain in fattening buffaloes.
BUFFALO PRODUCTION AND RESEARCH IN INDONESIA: Obstacles and Opportunities Yasin, Suhubdy
Proceeding Buffalo International Conference 2013
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Buffalo is one of large ruminants playing pivotal roles in supporting the daily life and socio-economy of the Indonesian farmers. They primary utilize them as draft animal, meat and milk production, supporting some momentous religion and cultural obligations. Buffalo is mostly raised under traditional management systems with no special attention or treatment has been given to their feeding, breeding, reproduction, and health systems.   Buffalo is a unique animal and they can still survive and reproduce even while consuming low quality roughage and living in harsh ecological condition. Presently, there is a limited scientific data and information has been published in relation to factors affecting the husbandry and distinctiveness of Indonesian buffalo. This paper firstly reviews and elucidates the current progress and obstacles of buffalo production. Then the research progress, opportunity and challenge for buffalo developments are outlined; and ultimately, considerable developmental strategies are formulated in order to improve the quantity and quality of Indonesian buffaloes.
ISOLATION OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA AS A POTENTIAL PROBIOTIC IN DANGKE, A TRADITIONAL FOOD FROM BUFFALO MILK IN CURIO THE DISTRICT OF ENREKANG Nur, Fatmawati
Proceeding Buffalo International Conference 2013
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This research is a preliminary study to explore potential probiotics of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) in dangke, a traditional food from buffalo milk in Curio the district of Enrekang.  Isolation of LAB performed using the selective medium de Man Rogosa Sharpe Agar. LAB will show clear zone on MRS medium after the addition of the indicator in the form of CaCO3 and incubated for 24 hours. Selection is done by observing the cell morphology and Gram staining. Further testing with the biochemical properties of sugar fermentation test. To assess their probiotic ability, tolerance of low pH were examined. The results showed that lactic acid bacteria isolats obtained consists of two species of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus fermentum, and both of them can survive at pH 2. Isolats of L. fermentum and L. plantarum in dangke are derived from buffalo milk showed potential as a candidate probiotic bacteria.
ROLE OF THE WATER BUFFALO IN RURAL LIVELIHOODS IN ASIA AND CHALLENGES FOR FUTURE RESEARCH TO IMPROVE REPRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY Perera, B. M. A. Oswin
Proceeding Buffalo International Conference 2013
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The buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) has been used as a multi-purpose animal in Asia since pre-historic times and is still playing an important role in the livelihoods and welfare of smallholder livestock producers in the region. It has the unique ability to survive in stressful environments, feed on poor quality forages and provide milk rich in butterfat and proteins, while providing draught power and manure for crop agriculture. However, with increased land-use intensity for crop production and human settlements, only marginal and poor quality lands are left for grazing and mixed farming. Consequently, many farming systems under which buffalo are raised involve harsh environments, lack of year-round feed supply and minimal managerial inputs, which compromise their reproductive efficiency and overall productivity. However, studies have shown that they can have good fertility if they are managed and fed properly so as to overcome such stresses. There is thus a need to introduce improved technologies in breeding, reproductive management and nutrition to the smallholder farmers. Such technologies must be practicable, cost-effective and sustainable using the locally available resources. This requires active farmer participatory programmes in technology generation as well as technology transfer, to promote integrated farming systems that use buffalo as a multi-purpose animal. In the subsistence extensive farming systems that are constrained by lack of land and traditional feed resources, the farmers need to be provided the knowledge, skills, technical services and marketing support to enable them to adopt more commercial and semi-intensive systems of buffalo production. The objective of this paper is to discuss some of the current constraints to buffalo production and reproductive efficiency in rural farming systems in Asia, and to identify the needs and challenges for future research to address these limitations.
POTENTIAL FEED RESOURCES FOR SWAMP BUFFALOES (Bubalus bubalis) RAISED UNDER OIL-PALM ECOSYSTEM Zahari, M. Wan; Alimon, A. R.; Shanmugavelu, S.
Proceeding Buffalo International Conference 2013
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The domesticated buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Malaysia is represented mostly by the swamp type. The total population of the animal is less than 130,000 heads with 59% in Peninsular Malaysia, 35% in Sabah and 6% in Sarawak.  Rearing of swamp buffaloes under the plantation environment, both under grazing and pen-fed situations are of potential for meat production. The availability of grasses, legumes, shrubs and tree fodders under the plantation environment offer tremendous opportunities as feed resources for these animals. Palm kernel cake (PKC), oil palm fronds (OPF), palm press fibre (PPF), oil palm trunk (OPT), and palm oil mill effluent (POME) are potential feedstuffs to be utilized for in situ feeding of swamp buffaloes.  Supplementation of high protein fodder leaves, such as Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, Morris alba and Asystasia intrusa could further enhance protein nutrition, especially for intensively-fed swamp buffaloes. Nutrient supplementation through non-medicated (UMMB) and medicated urea-molasses mineral blocks (MUMB) can also be considered to improve performances.  Feeding strategies and examples of formulated ration for swamp buffalo meat production under oil palm plantation are highlighted
REARING SYSTEM LOCAL BUFFALO IN LORE AND LINDU HIGHLANDS OF CENTRAL SULAWESI Munier, F. F.; Takdir, Mohammad
Proceeding Buffalo International Conference 2013
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Buffalo population in the highland area of Central Sulawesi declines on average 14-15% each year. This research aimed to evaluate rearing system of local buffalo in two highland regions, namely Lore and Lindu. These two regions are well known as the center for local Buffalo production in Central Sulawesi Province. Research was carried out by interviewing the buffalo breeders as respondents using questionaire prepared before hand. The results indicated that, in general, the ownership of buffalo in the Lindu highland was much higher compared to that in Lore highland in each age category. With regard to the mating system, both regions shared similar system, which was 100% natural mating. In terms of grazing system in Lore highland,  42.86% of buffalo was reared by fastening system and 57.14% by removable system, while Lindu it was 9.09% and 90.91%, respectively. The feed consumed buffalo which was obtained from the pasture had low nutrient content. It was concluded that the buffalo rearing system in both highland regions, Lore and Lindu, was still performed traditionally.
TRANSFER PASSIVE OF ANTIBODY BY USING THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN AS PROTEIN NUTRIENT IN COLOSTRUM IN RESPONSE TO THE MORTALITY RATE IN BUFFALOES (Review Article) Rumokoy, Laurentius J.M.
Proceeding Buffalo International Conference 2013
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Neonate losses are very important case in Bovidae animals in the country of Indonesia, which is due to the virus, bacteria or parasites in conjunction with failure of passive transfer (FTP). As the effect of this infection, the angiogenesis complication could be occurred. Consequently, it is very urgent to break down these problems by realizing a scientific strategy on immunoglobulin-G (IgG) passive transfer in neonates. The existence of neonates life naturally depends on environmental conditions included to the nutrients supplied by their mother. The proteins immunoglobulin contained in the mother’s colostrums are essential nutrients for immunity system of the newborn. This article aims to present the use of protein nutrient in colostrums through passive transfer of antibodies as a strategy in response to the high mortality rate in buffaloes in Indonesia, particularly in traditional buffalo maintenance system. In a farm system like this has a high risk of infection in the new born animal. Limitations on the immune system of a new born buffalo occurred because in the uterus, a variety of antibody molecules from mother circulation can not be transferred through the placenta to embryo. Consequently in the new ex-utero environment, such individuals are very susceptible to various infections of  pathogenic microorganisms.

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