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Medical Journal of Indonesia

MJI
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Published by Universitas Indonesia

ISSN : 08531773 EISSN : 22528083 DOI : 10.13181

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)

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Articles 11 Documents

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Search results for , issue " Vol 19, No 2 (2010): May" : 11 Documents clear

The influence of zinc deficiency on chronic pain in Sprague Dawley rats Bagianto, Hari
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Aim Zinc (Zn) deficiency remains a problem in most developing countries, including Indonesia, especially in the EastÂ Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Islands. Zinc plays a major role in pain through the modulation process by the N-methyl-DaspartateÂ (NMDA) receptors, which also includes neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) as a pain parameter. The purposeÂ of this study is to reveal the effects of Zn towards pain response and modulation stage at the spinal cord level in rats.Methods Twenty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into two groups, a deficient group and a normal group. TheÂ deficient group was fed on an IRI-OB diet. Every group was further divided into two more groups, the acute painÂ group (transient noxious stimuli), and the chronic pain group (continuous noxious stimuli). The rats in chronic painÂ group were subjected to CCI Bennet operation. The pain thresholds in the deficient group and normal group wereÂ measured clinically using a modified Ugo Basille plantar test (thermal transient noxious stimuli). Measurement ofÂ chronic pain level was carried out by measuring the nNOS level by immunohistochemistry.Results Deficient group showed an insignificant decrease in pain threshold (P= 0.251). However, there is a significantÂ increase in nNOS (P= 0.027) especially in the deficient group with continuous noxious stimulation.Conclusions These results suggest that Zn deficiency increases pain response, especially in chronic pain. (Med JÂ Indones 2010; 19:88-95)Keywords: continuous noxious stimuli, nNOS, plantar test, transient noxious stimuli

Antibody anti-H5N1 detection in poultry farmers and workers in poultry collection facilities in Indonesia, 2007 Setiawaty, Vivi; Sedyaningsih, Endang R.; Sudiro, Tjahyani M.; van Beest Holle, Mirna Robert D.R.; Pangesti, Krisna N.A.; Ibrahim, Fera
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Aim Between July 2005 and May 2008, Indonesia reported 133 H5N1 confirmed human cases with a case fatalityÂ proportion of 81%. Fifty-four percent of cases had a history of direct contact with poultry (chickens). Therefore, it isÂ important to define the detection of antibody of H5N1 among people who have intensive contact with poultry haveÂ been exposed to H5N1 viruses.Methods We collected sera from healthy poultry-collecting-facility (PCF) workers in Jakarta and healthy poultry-farmersÂ in Sukabumi which have close contact with poultry. Anti-H5N1 antibodies were tested with modifiedÂ Haemagglutination Inhibition (HI) assay using A/Ck/Banten/05-1116/05(H5N1) antigen and with Neutralization (NT)Â assay using A/H5N1/Indo/05/IBCDC-RG virus.Results Among the 216 PCF worker sera and the 495 poultry-farmer sera that we collected, we found that all poultry-farmersÂ were seronegative and one percent of poultry-collecting-facilities workers were seropositive by both HI andÂ 1% by NT assays.Conclusions This study detected asymptomatic H5N1 virus infection among poultry workers in PCFs with intensiveÂ contact with various types of different poultry who had different titers of antibody, but no antibodies were detectedÂ among poultry farmers. (Med J Indones 2010; 19:124-9)Keywords: Avian infl uenza, farmers, poultry workers, seropositive

The nerve protection and in vivo therapeutic effect of Acalypha indica extract in frogs Purwaningsih, Ernie H.; Ibrahim, Nurhadi; Zain, Hamdani
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Aim To demonstrate nerve protection and/or treatment effect of Acalypha indica Linn. extract on nerve paralysisÂ induced by subcutaneus injection of pancuronium bromide on frogâs back.Methods The study was performed on sixty frogs (Bufo melanostictus Schneider) that divided into two groups, i.e.Â the neuro-protection and neuro-therapy group. Each group was divided further into 6 sub-treatment groups: negativeÂ control group treated by water and positive control group treated by piracetam, treatment groups received the extractsÂ 200, 300, 400, 500 mg/kgBW. Pancuronium bromide 0.2% (1 : 20 dilutions) were injected subcutaneously as muscleÂ relaxant. The protective effect was studied by giving the extract orally, 1 hour prior to injection; while the therapeuticÂ effect of the extract was studied by 10 minute treatment after injecting pancuronium bromide solution. The parametersÂ measured were the onset and duration of paralysis (in minutes) and the recovery time (time needed to recover intoÂ normal condition).Results The study showed significantly different protective effect of Acalypha indica Linn. root water extract at 400Â and 500 mg/KgBW compared to negative control group and positive control group (piracetam (p < 0.05); while theÂ therapeutic effect was obvious at the dose 200-500 mg/KgBW compared to negative control group (p = 0.000). ThereÂ was no significant difference compared to positive control group (piracetam), except at 300 mg/KgBW (p = 0.012).Conclusion These results have proven that the water extract of Acalypha indica Linn. root has comparable protectiveÂ and treatment effect on nerves system, as piracetam, but further studies should be performed to provide more evidencesÂ particularly pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies on two animal models that commonly used. (Med JÂ Indones 2010; 19:96-102)Keywords: Acalypha indica Linn, Bufo melanostictus Schneider, nerve-protection

At what age group blood pressure discontinue to increase? An assessment using change-point analysis Latiff, Khalib A.; Yusof, Khairul H.; Yanuar, Fera
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Aim To study at what age group blood pressure ceases to increase for women and men.Methods Applying change-point technique, we used our existing database - mega base-line cross-sectional Hulu LangatÂ Health Study that was initiated in 2000 - to locate the most appropriate age limit in planning promotive, preventive andÂ controlling strategies against systolic hypertension.Results Systolic hypertension was found to be constantly increasing for both gender right from the early age until theÂ middle age group. However, women achieved the systolic peak 15 years earlier (at 41-45 years old) than men (at 56-60Â years old). Systolic blood pressure was steadily declined after the peak.Conclusions Hypertension intervention, we recommend age before 40 (women) and 55 (men) be the most appropriate period toÂ apply various public health intervention, after that, the action must be exclusively curative. (Med J Indones 2010; 19:136-41)Keywords: change-point analysis, public health intervention, systolic hypertension

H5N1 Influenza: is it still a threat? Pawitan, Jeanne A.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

[No Abstract Available]

Correlation between F2-Isoprostane with stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and endothelial progenitor cell in nonhypertensive and hypertensive patients Wijaya, Johnson; Bakri, Syakib; Donosepoetro, Marsetio
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Aim Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are reduced in number and function in patients at risk for cardiovascularÂ diseases. On the other hand, hypertension is related with excess angiotensin II which would lead to oxidative stress. In this study,Â we investigated the correlation between F2-Isoprostane (as marker of oxidative stress) with Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1Â (SDF-1) and CD34 viable in non hypertension and hypertension subjects.Methods This was a cross sectional study conducted on 54 non hypertension and 64 hypertension subjects visiting ProdiaÂ laboratory, Jakarta. F2-Isoprostane (as marker of oxidative stress) and SDF-1 (a strmal cell growth factor) were measuredÂ by ELISA method, and CD34 viable (marker of progenitor cell) was measured by flow cytometry.Results F2-Isoprostane concentration was higher in hypertensive subjects compared to non hypertensive subjects,Â although statistically non significant (mean + SD: 0.13 Â± 0.120 vs 0.10 Â± 0.16; Ïg/mL; p = 0.091). SDF-1 concentrationÂ was significantly higher in hypertensive subjects compare to non hypertensive subjects (2821.63 Â± 281.94 vsÂ 2623.04 Â± 356.28 Ïg/mL; P < 0.05). CD34 viable level was significantly lower in hypertensive subjects compare toÂ non hypertensive subjects (1.9 Â± 0.9 /Î¼L vs 2.7 Â± 1.7; P < 0.05). F2-Isoprostane had negative correlation with CD34Â viable in circulation (r = 0.022, p < 0.05) but no correlation with SDF-1 (p > 0.05).Conclusions F2-Isoprostane was higher, but CD34 was lower, in hypertensive subjects compared to non hypertensive.Â It seems that high F2-Isoprostane impaired the CD34 viable level as shown by negative correlation between F2-Â Isoprostane and CD34. (Med J Indones 2010; 19:109-12)Keywords: endothelial progenitor cell, F2-Isoprostan, hypertension, SDF-1

Risk factors for bacterial vaginosis among Indonesian women Ocviyanti, Dwiana; Rosana, Yeva; Olivia, Shanty; Darmawan, Ferry
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Aim To identify risk factors for bacterial vaginosis (BV) among Indonesian women.Methods This is a cross sectional study involving 492 women with age ranged 15-50 years. Vaginal discharge was collected.Â Whiff test and Nugent scoring were utilized to identify BV. Settings are Puskesmas Karawang, Pedes, Cikampek,Tempuran,Â Batalyon 201 Clinic Cijantung, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia and Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.Results Age of the subjects were 15-25 years old (26.8%), 26 â 40 years old (59.1%), and > 40 years old (14%).Â The mean age was 30.9 years. Marital status of the subjects were not-married (16.9%), married (76.4%), marriedÂ more than once (6.7%). Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in this study was 30.7% according to Nugentâs score. AgeÂ > 40 years old (OR=3.15 IK 95% = 1.15-1.48) and uncircumcised couple (OR=6.25, IK 95% = 2.54 - 15.38) wereÂ independently and significantly associated with incidence of BV (p<0.05).Conclusions Prevalence of BV in this study was 30.7%. Determinant risk factors of BV were age and uncircumcisedÂ sexual partner. (Med J Indones 2010; 19:130-5)Keywords: bacterial vaginosis, risk factors, vaginal flora

Differences between several atherogenic parameters in patients with Controlled and Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Susanti, Ellis; Donosepoetro, Marsetio; Patellongi, Ilhamjaya; Arif, Mansyur
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

AimÂ to assess the differences between Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), ratio of oxidized-Low Density Lipoprotein (Ox-LDL)/High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and ratio of Lipoprotein-associated Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2)/HDL in predicting the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with controlled and uncontrolled type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).MethodsÂ The study was done observationally with cross sectional design. A total of 80 patients, consisted of 40 controlled and 40 uncontrolled T2DM. The serum triglyceride (TG), HDL-C, Ox-LDL, Lp-PLA2 were examined in their relationship with T2DM risk. AIP is a ratio calculated as log (TG/HDL-C).ResultsÂ AIP and ratio of Ox-LDL/HDL were significantly higher in uncontrolled than controlled T2DM (0.72 + 0.13 vs 0.47 Â± 0.22 , p < 0.001) and (1738.8 Â± 625.5 vs 1418 Â± 535.3, p = 0.02), but no significant difference was found in ratio of Lp-PLA2/HDL (5.09 Â± 2.17 vs 5.95 Â± 3.11, p = 0.16).ConclusionÂ AIP and ratio of Ox-LDL/HDL value were significantly higher in uncontrolled than in controlled T2DM. These parameters may be beneficial in predicting the risk of atherosclerosis in diabetic patients.Â (Med J Indones 2010; 19:103-8)Keywords:Â AIP, atherosclerosis, Diabetes Mellitus, HDL, Lp-PLA2, Ox-LDLÂ Â

Development of multiplex-PCR assay for rapid detection of Candida spp. Tarini, Ni Made A.; Wahid, Mardiastuti H.; Ibrahim, Fera; Yasmon, Andi; Djauzi, Samsuridjal
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

AimÂ Candida spp. infection commonly occur in immunocompromised patients. Biochemical assay for identificationÂ of Candida spp. is time-consuming and shows many undetermined results. Specific detection for antibody, antigen andÂ metabolites of Candida spp. had low sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we developed a rapid diagnostic method,Â Multiplex-PCR, to identify Candida spp.Methods Five Candida spp. isolates were cultured, identifi ed with germ tube and APIÂ® 20 C AUX (BioMerieuxÂ® SA) kit.Â Furthermore, DNA was purified by QIAamp DNA mini (QiagenÂ®) kit for Multiplex-PCR assay.Results DNA detection limit by Multiplex-PCR assays for C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei and C.Â glabrata were 4 pg, 0.98 pg, 0.98 pg, 0.5 pg and 16 pg respectively. This assay was also more sensitive than culture inÂ that Multiplex-PCR could detect 2.6-2.9 x 100 CFU/ml, whereas culture 2.6-2.9 x 102 CFU/ml.Conclusion Multiplex-PCR is much more sensitive than culture and thus, can be recommended as a sensitive andÂ specific assay for identification of Candida spp. (Med J Indones 2010; 19:83-7)Keywords: Candida spp., multiplex-PCR

Family history of hypertension is associated with exaggerated cardiovascular reactivity to mental, but not to physical test Jenie, Ikhlas M.; Noor, Noriah M.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2010): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Aim To investigate whether normotensive young adults with family history of hypertension demonstrate exaggerated cardiovascular responses to both mental and physical stimuli as compared to normotensive young adults withoutfamily history of hypertension.Methods Normotensive undergraduate students of normotensive parents (n = 40) and of hypertensive father/ mother/Â both (n = 40), aged 20 â 30 years, performed serial subtraction test in a sitting position for three minutes. After taking aÂ rest, subjects performed cold pressor test in ninety seconds. In each test, blood pressure and pulse rate were recorded inÂ pre-test, during test, and post-test using an automated oscillometric device. Changes score rather than absolute scoresÂ were analyzed using independent t-test or Mann-Whitney.Results There were no significantly differences in age, body mass index, fasting blood sugar, and plasma creatinineÂ between the two groups. Normotensives of hypertensive parents had significantly higher offi ce systolic blood pressureÂ (108.33 Â±Â 1.6 vs 103.00 Â±Â 1.6 mmHg) and delta change score of cardiovascular reactivity to serial subtraction test (MABPÂ 19.13 Â±Â 1.4 vs 15.5 Â±Â 1.0 mmHg, P = 0.04), but not to cold pressor test (MABP 24.26Â Â±Â 1.7 vs 21.74Â Â±Â 1.7 mmHg) than thoseÂ of normotensive parents.Conclusion Normotensive young adults with family history of hypertension demonstrated exaggerated cardiovascularÂ reactivity to mental test but not to physical test. As compared to normotensive young adults without family history ofÂ hypertension However, this familial difference in cardiovascular reactivity to mental test is confused with office bloodÂ pressure. (Med J Indones 2010; 19:118-23)Keywords: cardiovascular reactivity, cold pressor test, mental arithmetic test, of hypertension

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