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Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

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Published by IAES Indonesia Section and Partners

ISSN : - EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Articles 627 Documents

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Frequency Dependency Analysis for Differential Capacitive Sensor Arfah Che Mustapha, Nurul; H.M. Zahirul Alam, A.; Khan, Sheroz; Wong Azman, Amelia
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 3: September 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i3.1524

A differential capacitive sensing technique is discussed in this paper. The differential capacitive sensing circuit is making use of a single power supply. The design focus for this paper is on the excitation frequency dependency analysis to the circuit. Theory of the differential capacitive sensor under test is discussed and derivation is elaborated. Simulation results are shown and discussed. Next, results improvement has also been shown in this paper for comparison. Test was carried out using frequency from 40 kHz up to 400 kHz. Results have shown output voltage of Vout = 0.07927 Cx + 1.25205 and good linearity of R-squared value 0.99957 at 200 kHz. Potential application for this capacitive sensor is to be used for energy harvesting for its potential power supply.

MM-PNEMO: A Mathematical Model to Assess Handoff Delay and Packet Loss Islam, Shayla; Hashim, Aisha Hassan Abdalla; Hasan, Mohammad Kamrul; Razzaque, Md. Abdur
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i2.1525

Wireless networks incorporate Mobile Nodes (MNs) that use wireless access networks to communicate. However, the communication among these MNs are not remained stable due to the poor network coverage during inter mobility. Moreover, the wireless nodes are typically small that results in resource-constrained. Thus, it is uphill to use algorithms having giant processing power or memory footprint. Accordingly, it is essential to check schemes consistently to evaluate the performance within the probable application scenario. To do so, numerical analysis could be a notable method to grasp the performance of mobility management schemes as well as the constraint of evolving mobility management solutions specifically for multi-interfaced MR in Proxy NEMO environment. This paper analyzes handoff performance by using a mathematical model of Multihoming-based scheme to support Mobility management in Proxy NEMO (MM-PNEMO) environment. Moreover, a comparative study has been made among the standard Network Mobility Basic Support Protocol (NEMO BSP), Proxy NEMO (PNEMO) and MM-PNEMO scheme respectively. The performance metrics estimated for these schemes are mainly handoff delay and packet loss. This paper also analysed the packet loss ratio and handoff gain as a function of cell radius, number of SMR and velocity respectively. It is apparent that, the MM-PNEMO scheme shows lower packet loss ratio (1%) compared to NEMO-BSP (11%) and P-NEMO (6%).

Parasitic Consideration for Differential Capacitive Sensor Arfah Che Mustapha, Nurul; H.M. Zahirul Alam, A.; Khan, Sheroz; Wong Azman, Amelia
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 3: September 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i3.1526

Parasitic integration for a single supply differential capacitive sensing technique is presented in this paper. In real capacitive sensor measurement, parasitic impedance in its measurement. This paper objective is to study the effect of capacitive and resistive parasitic to the capacitive sensor circuit. The differential capacitive sensor circuit derivation theory is elaborated first. Then, comparison is made using simulation. Test was carried out using frequency from 40 kHz up to 400 kHz. Result is presented and have shown good linearity of 0.99984 at 300 kHz, R-squared value. This capacitive sensor is expected to be used for energy harvesting application.

Energy Efficient Smart Street Light for Smart City using Sensors and Controller Abdullah, Aziera; Yusoff, Siti Hajar; Zaini, Syasya Azra; Midi, Nur Shahida; Mohamad, Sarah Yasmin
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i2.1527

Smart street light is an intelligent control of street lights to optimize the problem of power consumption of the street, late in night. Conventional street lights are being replaced by Light Emitting Diode (LED) street lighting system, which reduces the power consumption. The focus of this project is to design a system of street lights controller to provide a reduction in power consumption. The prototype was designed by using Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), Infrared sensor (IR), battery and LED. The brightness of the lamps is being controlled in this project to reduce the power consumption. The dimming of the lamps depends on the speed of object motion detected such as pedestrians, cyclists and cars. The higher speed of moving object, the greater the level of intensity. For this idea, the innovation of street lights is not quite the same as conventional street lights that are controlled by timer switch or light sensor which automatically turns light on during sunset and off during sunrise. According to the study, motion detection devices may help to save up to 40% of energy per month.

Analysis of Airborne Dust Effects on Terrestrial Microwave Propagation in Arid Area A.A Elsheikh, Elfaih; Md. Rafiqul, Islam; Hadi Habaebi, Mohamad; F. Ismail, Ahmad; E. O. Elshaikh, Z.; M. Suliman, F.; Chebil, Jalel
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 3: September 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i3.1528

Sand and dust storms are environmental phenomena ,during these storms optical visibility might be decreased, consequently, atmospheric attenuation is clearly noticed. Micro-wave (MW) and Milimeter-wave (mm) propagation is severely affected by dust and sand storms in considerable areas around the world. Suspended dust particles may directly cause attenuation and cross polarization to the Electromagnetic waves propagating through the storm. In this paper, a thorough investigation of dust storm characteristics based on measured optical visibility and relative humidity is presented. In addition,the dust storms effects of on Micro-wave and Millimeter-wave propagation have been studied based on data measured Received Signal levels (RSL)and dust storm characteristics synchronously. Analytical dust attenuation models predictions are matched to the measured attenuation data at 14 GHz and 21 GHz. It has been found that the measured attenuation is approximately ten times higher than the predicted attenuation for both frequencies.

Designing Large-Scale Antenna Array Using Sub-Array Mukit, Naimul; Md. Rafiqul, Islam; Zahirul Alam, AHM; Abdullah, Khaizuran; Farihah Abdul Malek, Norun; Nibir, Rauful; Hidayah M Adnan, Noor; Osman, Eid
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 3: September 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v8i3.1529

Antenna array of large scale have been examined for different applications including 5G technology. To get better data rate or a reliable link substantial number of antenna arrays have been utilized to provide high multiplexing gains as well as array gains with high directivity. In this paper a simple but efficient implementation technique of using sub-arrays for the improvement of large-sized uniform arrays. By repeating a small sub-array multiple times large arrays can be designed. This implication of utilizing small array simplifies the design of a larger array which allows the designer to concentrate on the smaller sub-array before assembling larger arrays. So, by investigating the sub arrays the performance and radiation characteristics of large arrays can be anticipated. The array-factor for a planar sub-array of 2x2 (4 elements) is analyzed using Mat-lab software and then a large array is formed by placing the 2x2 sub-array in different configurations in a rectangular arrangements up to 8x8 planar array. And then the results are validated with CST (Computer simulation technology) simulation results. In this way the array-factors, directivities, HPBWs, and side lobes of the constructed large arrays are analyzed and associated with the small sub-array.

Design and implementation of a series switching SPSI for PV cell to use in carrier based grid synchronous system Tawfikur Rahman; S. M. A. Motakabber; Muhammad I. Ibrahimy; A. H. M. Zahirul Alam
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

A carrier-based grid synchronous method is proposed to develop the system efficiency, phase and power quality of the inverter output waves. The operating principle of a single-phase phase synchronous inverter (SPSI) is introduced, with proper synchronous paid to the switching-frequency synchronizing voltage made by the interleaved process, as well as actual mitigation approaches. In the construction of the SPSI, input and output filters are electrically coupled with the two sides of an inverter. The inverter power electronic switches and other electrical components are operated by carrier-based grid synchronous controller (CBGSC) with PWM regulator. The SPSI is designed and implemented with the Toshiba 40WR21 IGBT, Digital Microcontroller pulse controller (DMPC) and 4N35 Optocoupler with a fundamental frequency of 50Hz. The other parameters are considered as load resistance, =11Ω, duty cycle, 85%, carrier frequency, 2.5kHz and input DC voltage, ± 340V. In addition, LCL lowpass grid filters are used to convert squire wave to sine wave with required phase and frequency. Finally, the simulated and experimental results obtained with a carrier-based grid synchronous SPSI experimental prototype are exposed for justification, showing the phase error of 55% improvement, reduced 11% of THD and the conversion efficiency of 97.02% highly predicted by the proposed design technique to improve the microgrid system.

Stability check of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) micro grid power system Ameerul A. J. Jeman; Naeem M. S. Hannoon; Nabil Hidayat; Mohamed M. H. Adam; Ismail Musirin; Vijayakumar V.
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

As of late, expanding interest of renewable energy and consumption of non-renewable energy source have prompted developing advancement of renewable energy technology, for example, wind energy. Wind energy has turned out to be one of the reliable sources of renewable energy, which requests extra transmission capacity and better methods for sustaining system reliability. As of now, doubly fed induction generator wind turbine is the most well-known wind turbine. This paper focuses on DFIG wind farm design using MATLAB/SIMULINK and also investigates the issues of the system stability of the DFIG wind turbine micro grid power system. This analysis includes the changes of voltage, current, real power and reactive power based on various conditions of the power system.

Experimental study on transient response of fuel cell Ameerul A. J. Jeman; Naeem M. S. Hannoon; Nabil Hidayat; Mohamed M. H. Adam; Ismail Musirin; Vijayakumar V.
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

This research work discusses a control strategy to enhance the transient response of the fuel cell and boost the real and reactive power flow from grid connected to fuel cell. The current output of the fuel cell depends on the availability of hydrogen in the fuel cell stack, a battery bank is implemented to supply the transient current and to prevent it from hydrogen saturation. The battery should only supply when there is a transient. During steady state the total power is produced by the fuel cell by regulating its hydrogen input. A prototype of the system will be created to study a control scheme which regulates the current from an input source and a battery which is connected to a dc motor. The control philosophy is based on d-q transformation and subsequently generating a reference signal that is tracked by an IGBT based inverter. The speed of the motor is controlled using pulse with modulation. The dynamic modeling of the standalone fuel cell that is connected to a dc motor is carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK platform. The simulation results show that the control scheme works well, although the dynamic response of the system can be improved. The testing carried on the prototype proves that the concept works well, but a hydrogen control scheme should be developed to improve the efficiency of the control scheme.

Low insertion loss of surface mount device low pass filter at 700 MHz Khairil Anuar Khairi; Mohd Faizal Jamlos; Surentiran Padmanathan; Mohd Aminudin Jamlos; Muammar Mohamad Isa
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 8, No 2: June 2019
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

The paper involved with the design, simulation and fabrication of 6th order elliptical-based Surface Mount Device (SMD) LPF with cutoff frequency at 700 MHz. Fabricated LPF is consisted of four PCB layers which components of SMD are soldered on the top layer. Another three layers is for grounding and shielding, power supply and grounding void. The four layers is crucial to avoid interference between components. The research has find out that the momentum simulation is definitely required to improve the signals response compared to a normal simulation by ADS software. The comparison between momentum simulated versus measured and normal simulated versus measured is 0.2 dB and 29 dB correspondingly. Such huge difference leads to conclusion that momentum simulation is saving time without having much struggles and efforts to get optimum readings. The Proposed SMD LPF has a very low insertion loss of 0.965dB with a transition region of 195 MHz which is good steepness to avoid any image frequency.

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