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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 02164418     EISSN : 25410822     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian terbit empat kali per tahun pada bulan Maret, Juni, September, dan Desember oleh Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Jurnal ini memuat artikel tinjauan (review) mengenai hasil-hasil penelitian yang telah diterbitkan, dikaitkan dengan teori, evaluasi hasil penelitian lain, dengan atau ketentuan kebijakan, dan ditujukan kepada pengambil kebijakan sebagai bahan pengambilan keputusan. Jurnal ini terbit pertama kali tahun 1979 dan telah terakreditasi oleh LIPI.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 261 Documents
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KONDISI KRITIS LADA PUTIH BANGKA BELITUNG DAN ALTERNATIF PEMULIHANNYA Usman Daras; D. Pranowo
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 28, No 1 (2009): Maret, 2009
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v28n1.2009.p1-6

Abstract

Critical condition of muntok white pepper of Bangka Belitung and its alternative recoveryBangka Belitung (Babel) Province is one of the pepper producing areas in Indonesia, particularly for white pepper. Recently, its role however tends to lower indicated by the decreases in cultivation areas and production of white pepper. A number of factors causing the decrease of production and plated area of pepper in Babel are fluctuation of pepper price, infestation of plant diseases, uncontrolled exploitation of tin mining, and expansion of other estate crops. If the factors are not able be controlled carefully, it may result in muntok white pepper, the trademark of Babel, be eliminated over the time or neglected. Hence, a number of alternative solutions such as zoning of main crops growing, diversification of crop production, and strengthening of capital and institutional supports may be established to minimize the decreases of black pepper areas in Babel.
PROSPEK PEMANFAATAN TEPUNG JAGUNG UNTUK KUE KERING (COOKIES) Suarni Suarni
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 28, No 2 (2009): Juni 2009
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v28n2.2009.p63 - 71

Abstract

Prospect of maize flour for cookiesCookies is one of the favorite snacks consumed by community. The average consumption of dry cake in the big city and village in Indonesia is 0.40 kg/capita/year. Cookies processing do not need volume development as wet cake and bread, but the cookies have to be crispy, imperishable to water, hard and unbroken easily. This relates with the physiochemical characteristic and functional of maize flour. Maize flour has hard texture, relatively low gluten content (< 1%) with amylograph features processing the cold viscosity (240620 BU). This papers described the results of research relating with the nutrition content, functional characteristic, and the construction of dry cake from maize flour. The cookies made from maize flour have good nutrition quality and adequate processing feature, substitution towards the wheat flour until the level 5080% with the receiving level of highly preference (organoleptic). Supported by the recipe of dry cake that popular in the recent time were using the corn based material for example corn flake, coco chip, corn crispy. This indicated the opportunity of utilizing maize flour corn powder that has already received by the modern community who processing the high prospect to be developed.
Potensi Pengembangan Plastik Biodegradable Berbasis Pati Sagu Dan Ubikayu Di Indonesia Elmi Kamsiati; Heny Herawati; Endang Yuli Purwani
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 36, No 2 (2017): Desember, 2017
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v36n2.2017.p67-76

Abstract

Plastic is a packaging materials that are widely used but has an adverse impact on the environment because it is difficult to degrade in nature. Production technology of biodegradable plastics from natural resources that have characteristic environmentally friendly has developed. Starch-based biodegradable plastic is a widely developed type because the production process is simple and the raw materials more readily available. The starch of cassava and sago has potential as a raw material of biodegradable plastic because of the availability and its characteristic. Also, to make starch as the main ingredient, plasticizers and structural strengthening materials are required to produce biodegradable plastic with excellent characteristics. The production stages of biodegradable plastics include mixing, heating, and casting. The starch-based biodegradable plastic that can apply to an environmentally friendly packaging material has an excellent opportunity developed in Indonesia.Keywords: Starch, sago, cassava, biodegradable plastics, production technology AbstrakPlastik merupakan bahan pengemas yang banyak digunakan namun berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan karena sulit terdegradasi di alam. Teknologi produksi plastik biodegradable atau bioplastik yang dibuat dari bahan alami dan ramah lingkungan sudah mulai dikembangkan. Plastik biodegradable berbahan dasar pati relatif lebih mudah diproduksi dan bahan baku mudah diperoleh. Pati ubi kayu dan sagu memiliki potensi sebagai bahan baku plastik biodegradable ditinjau dari ketersediaan dan karakteristiknya. Selain pati sebagai bahan utama, diperlukan pula plastisizer atau bahan pemlastis dan bahan penguat struktur untuk menghasilkan plastik biodegradable dengan karakteristik yang baik. Tahapan produksinya meliputi pencampuran, pemanasan, dan pencetakan. Plastik biodegradable berbahan dasar pati dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pengemas yang ramah lingkungan dan berpeluang besar dikembangkan.Kata kunci: Pati, sagu, ubi kayu, bioplastik, teknologi produksi
Aplikasi Teknologi Dna Untuk Akselerasi Program Pemuliaan Ketahanan Tanaman Kakao Terhadap Hama Dan Penyakit Utama I Made Tasma
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 35, No 4 (2016): Desember 2016
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v35n4.2016.p155-166

Abstract

ABSTRACTOne of the main constraints on cacao cultivation is disease and insect pest attacks causing significant yield loss.  The main insect pests and diseases on cacao plantation are cacao pod borer, cacaofruit rot, vascular streak dieback and cacao mirids (Helopeltis spp.). Conventional breeding method to obtain new cacao clones resistant to insect pests and diseases is a slow process. It may take 15-20 years to obtain a new superior clone. Applying DNA technology should expedite cacao breeding program. The article described the application of DNA technology currently available to expedite cacao breeding program for disease and insect resistance. Many genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of important traits have been discovered related to cacao plant productivity and yield quality, disease and insect pest resistance traits. Modern genomic technologies as well as DNA marker have also been applied in cacao breeding program. Genetic transformation technology has been explored its application for cacao improvement. With the development of modern genomic technology, important gene/QTL discoveries would be faster to accelerate insect pest and disease resistant cultivar development. All these new DNA technologies have been assessed their potential applications for coping important pest and disease and for yield improvement. DNA technologies, mainly MAS and genomic-data based breeding technologies are ready to be applied to support breeding programs for main pest and disease resistance to enhance Indonesian cacao productivity and quality.Keywords: Cacao, disease and insect resistance, genomics, DNA markers, genetic transformation, marker-assisted breedingAbstrakSalah satu kendala utama dalam budi daya kakao ialah serangan hama dan penyakit. Hama dan penyakit utama kakao adalah penggerek buah kakao (PBK), busuk buah kakao (BBK), vascular streak dieback (VSD), dan cacao mirids (Helopeltis spp.). Kegiatan pemuliaan tanaman kakao secara konvensional berjalan lambat dan perlu waktu panjang. Untuk menghasilkan satu varietas unggul diperlukan waktu 15-20 tahun. Aplikasi teknologi DNA (genomika melalui pemuliaan berbantuan marka dan rekayasa genetik) dapat mempercepat program pemuliaan tanaman kakao. Tulisan ini mengulas teknologi DNA yang tersedia saat ini dan potensi aplikasinya untuk mempercepat pemuliaan kakao tahan hama dan penyakit. Penemuan marka DNA dan gen/quantitative trait loci (QTL) kakao berkembang cukup pesat. Banyak gen dan QTL karakter penting telah diidentifikasi yang terkait ketahanan hama dan penyakit serta produktivitas tanaman. Teknologi genomika dan pemanfaatan teknik marker-assisted selection (MAS) juga telah diaplikasikan untuk pemuliaan kakao termasuk untuk karakter ketahanan terhadap hama dan penyakit. Teknologi rekayasa genetik telah diteliti untuk menganalisis potensi pemanfaatannya dalam perbaikan bahan tanam kakao. Dengan berkembangnya teknologi genomika modern, penemuan gen/QTL unggul dapat dipercepat, lebih efisien dan komprehensif untuk mempercepat perakitan varietas unggul kakao tahan hama dan penyakit. Teknologi DNA khususnya MAS dan pemuliaan berbasis data genom siap diaplikasikan untuk mendukung program perbaikan ketahanan tanaman kakao terhadap hama dan penyakit utama dalam rangka peningkatan produktivitas dan mutu kakao nasional.
Potensi Anggrek Dendrobium dalam Meningkatkan Variasi dan Kualitas Anggrek Bunga Potong Dyah Widiasteoty; Nina Solvia; Muchdar Soedarjo
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 29, No 3 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v29n3.2010.p101-106

Abstract

Dendrobium merupakan genus anggrek terbesar dari famili Orchidaceae. Genus anggrek ini merupakan kekayaan sumber daya genetik Indonesia yang banyak terdapat di kawasan timur, seperti Papua dan Maluku. Namun, sumber daya genetik tersebut belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal sebagai tetua dalam persilangan untuk menghasilkan keturunan yang memiliki karakteristik sesuai dengan yang diinginkan konsumen. Dari 20 seksi Dendrobium, barudua seksi yang digunakan sebagai induk silangan, yaitu seksi Phalaenanthe dan Ceratobium atau Spatulata. Kendala pengembangan anggrek di Indonesia antara lain adalah terbatasnya ketersediaan bibit unggul, teknologi yang digunakan masih sederhana, dan kurangnya dukungan kebijakan pemerintah.
PEMANFAATAN BIOMASSA LIGNOSELULOSA AMPAS TEBU UNTUK PRODUKSI BIOETANOL Euis Hermiati; Djumali Mangunwidjaja; Titi Candra Sunarti; Ono Suparno; Bambang Prasetya
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 29, No 4 (2010): Desember, 2010
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v29n4.2010.p121-130

Abstract

Utilization of lignocellulosic biomass from sugarcane bagasse for bioethanol production Sugarcane bagasse is one of potential lignocellulosic biomass for energy through physical, chemical or biological conversion. The material is renewable and abundantly available, especially as wastes or by-products of sugarcane industries. Of many conversion processes, lignocellulosic conversion to ethanol becomes focus of interest recently, since ethanol can be further used as biofuel to substitute gasoline for transportation. Lignocellulosic material, including sugarcane bagasse mainly consists of three components, namely cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The conversion of these materials basically consists of pretreatment, cellulose hydrolysis, sugar fermentation to ethanol, and purification of ethanol. Production cost of this conversion is still high; therefore, many researches have been conducted to improve the conversion process, either pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation or purification, so that the cost could be reduced. This paper reviewed literatures on potential and characteristics of lignocellulosic materials, especially sugarcane bagasse, and conversion of these materials to ethanol. There is as much as 614,827 kL/year of ethanol potentially produced from sugarcane bagasse resulted from sugarcane factories in Indonesia. This amount of ethanol would have a great contribution to fulfill 1.10 million tons demand of ethanol. However, there are still some recalcitrans in production and implementation of lignocellulosic bioethanol, especially due to the unproven conversion technology of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol and the high production cost. Therefore, government policies in supporting research and development, providing special incentives for sugarcane factories that produced ethanol from sugarcane bagasse, and giving subsidy to reduce bioethanol price, are needed.Keywords: Sugar by products, lignocellulose, conversion, ethanol
TEKNOLOGI PROSES PRODUKSI BERAS TIRUAN MENDUKUNG DIVERSIFIKASI PANGAN Heny Herawati; Feri Kusnandar; Dede R. Adawiyah
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 33, No 3 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v33n3.2014.p87-94

Abstract

Konsep diversifikasi pangan dapat dipercepat dengan meman-faatkan berbagai sumber pangan pokok untuk memproduksi beras  tiruan. Beras tiruan adalah granula atau butiran pati yang memiliki karakteristik seperti beras. Penggunaan bahan baku sumber karbohidrat dan bahan tambahan yang tepat menjadi parameter  penting dalam optimasi teknologi dan proses produksi beras tiruan. Metode proses beras tiruan meliputi metode granulasi dan ekstrusi. Beras tiruan sangat prospektif dikembangkan lebih lanjut menjadi beras tiruan instan ataupun beras tiruan fungsional untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah produk. Makalah ini membahas teknologi proses beras tiruan dan peluang pengembangannya di masa depan.
PENGEMBANGAN USAHA TERNAK SAPI POTONG BERORIENTASI AGRIBISNIS DENGAN POLA KEMITRAAN Suryana Suryana
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 28, No 1 (2009): Maret, 2009
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v28n1.2009.p29 -37

Abstract

Development of beef cattle agribusiness through partnership patternBeef cattle are the largest contributor of the ruminants to the national meat production, therefore cattle farming is potential to be developed. In Indonesia, cattle are raised traditionally by farmers as a family saving and as draught animal in land preparation. Beef cattle farming is commonly as a small-scale farming and consists of breeding, fattening, and integrated farming system with food crops or estate crops. Development of beef cattle agribusiness through partnership pattern could be an alternative approach in increasing farmers' incomes and national meat production. Partnership is a cooperation between two or more partners in beef cattle farming in preproduction, production processes, and marketing based on equally and profitable principles. The development of beef catlle farming through partnership pattern is expected to meet the national demand for meat that continuously increases. On the other hand, the high demand for beef cattle meat gives an opportunity to develop beef cattle farming in the country through partnership to increase production and productivity. This paper reviewed the development of beef cattle farming through partnership pattern. To achieve the high farming efficiency, it is needed to manage the system integratedly from upstream to downstream by applying the agribusiness principles and partnership pattern to obtain the high and sustainable profit.
POTENSI HIDROKOLOID SEBAGAI BAHAN TAMBAHAN PADA PRODUK PANGAN DAN NONPANGAN BERMUTU Heny Herawati
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 37, No 1 (2018): Juni, 2018
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v37n1.2018.p17-25

Abstract

ABSTRAKHidrokoloid merupakan komponen polimer yang berasal dari sayuran, hewan, atau mikroba yang umumnya memiliki kemampuan menyerap dan mengikat air. Terdapat berbagai jenis hidrokoloid potensial yang dapat diekstrak dan dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan tambahan pangan dan nonpangan untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk. Ekstraksi hidrokoloid dapat dilakukan secara fisik, kimia, dan biokimiawi. Beberapa jenis hidrokoloid dapat diekstrak dari beberapa bagian komponen tanaman seperti akar, biji, buah, umbi dan cangkang. Hidrokoloid memiliki karakteristik spesifik, bergantung pada struktur rantai dan gugus fungsional yang terdapat di dalamnya. Struktur rantai yang mengandung banyak gugus hidroksil menyebabkan hidrokoloid lebih mudah menyerap air. Hidrokoloid dapat digunakan sebagai komponen dalam menghasilkan produk pangan maupun nonpangan yang berkualitas. Dalam pembuatan produk pangan, hidrokoloid berfungsi sebagai penstabil, pembentuk tekstur, dan meningkatkan daya serap air produk. Hidrokoloid juga memiliki potensi meningkatkan daya lepas komponen aktif dan daya serap produk farmasi.Kata kunci: hidrokoloid, pangan, nonpangan, mutu produk ABSTRACTHydrocolloids are polymer components derived from vegetables, animals, or microbes that generally have the ability to absorb and bind water. There are various types of potential hydrocolloids that can be extracted and used as an added ingredient to improve product quality. The hydrocolloid extraction method can be done physically, chemically and biochemically. Some types of hydrocolloid can be extracted from several component parts of crops such as roots, seeds, fruits, tubers or shell. Hydrocolloids may have specific characteristics depending on its chain structure and functional groups. Hydrocolloid with many hydroxyl groups can absorb water easily. Hydrocolloids can be used as a component in producing the qualified food and non-food products. There are opportunities to develop hydrocolloids in food products as stabilizers, texture formation and water absorbent. Hydrocolloids have the potential to improve the quality power to release active component and absorption of pharmaceutical products.Keywords: hydrocolloids, food, non-food, products quality
POTENSI SUMBER DAYA LAHAN DAN OPTIMALISASI PENGEMBANGAN KOMODITAS PENGHASIL I ndonesia memiliki sumber daya lahan yang sangat luas untuk pengembang- an berbagai komoditas pertanian. Luas daratan Indonesia mencapai 188,20 juta ha, yang terdiri atas 148 ju Anny Mulyani; Irsal Las
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 27, No 1 (2008): Maret, 2008
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v27n1.2008.p31-41

Abstract

Land resources potential and optimalization of bioenergy producing commodities development in IndonesiaOne of the current issues in Indonesia is the scarcity of fossil fuel availability in such a way that the alternativerenewable energy sources need to be explored. Various plants have potential as bioenergy, such as oil palm,coconut, maize, cassava, sugar cane, sago palm, and jatropha. The National Team for Bio-Fuel Resources havetargeted the development of 6.50 million ha land for bio-fuel production in 2005-2015 for oil palm, jatropha,sugar cane, and cassava; 1.50 million ha of which is for jatropha. To support the development of those commodities,the biophysical land suitability evaluation has been conducted. The result revealed that there are a substantial landof about 76.40 million ha for oil palm, coconut, maize, cassava, sugar cane, cotton, sago palm, and jatropha, buta large proportion of the lands have been used for agricultural and nonagricultural purposes. One of the problemsin bioenergy development is the land competition for bioenergy and food producing commodities. Intensificationand diversification of the current bioenergy and food producing crops, per se, will not fulfill the national needs,such that extensification is necessary to avoid the negative impacts on the national food security. An overlaybetween land suitability and land use maps of 2000-2004 period revealed that are substantial land areas of about 7million ha for annual crops and 15.30 million ha for perennial crops. The lands are currently under secondaryforest, bushes, imperata grassland and savanna, and those being abandoned. However, the land holdings need to beidentified.Keywords: Land suitability, bioenergy

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