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INDONESIA
Buletin Iptek Tanaman Pangan
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 189 Documents
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Antisipasi Ledakan Wereng Cokelat (Nilaparvata lugens) dengan Penerapan Teknik Pengendalian Hama Terpadu Biointensif Iswanto, Eko Hari; Rahmini, Rahmini; Nuryanto, Bambang; Baliadi, Yuliantoro
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 11, No 1 (2016): Juni 2016
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Brown planthopper (BPH) threatens rice production in the northern Java area. Resistance rice to BPH is the most preferred method to control this pest. However, brown planthopper could adapt to its host and break the resistant gene, to form a new biotype. Conventional IPM is usually reactive, still depending on the use of insecticide, whereas biointensive-IPM is a proactive actions, based on an ecological understanding, including synchronize planting times, seeding and planting time are determined based on the results of pest monitoring using light trap, and management of cropping pattern. Synchronized planting and appropriate planting time reduces population of brown planthoppers effectively on the early planting stage. Insecticide application if ever needed, is the last option to be applied for controlling the pest, which has to be applied rationally as recommended. Controlling brown planthoppers also requires the active role of farmers with the government support.
Breeding for Rice Variety Tolerant to Iron Toxicity Nugraha, Yudhistira; Rumanti, Indrastuti A.
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Excess of reduced iron (Fe2+) in the soil affects plant growth of some crops. Iron toxicity is physiological disorder which occurs mostly under flooded condition, where rice is predominantly cultivated. In order to contribute information to the rice breeding program, we review the physiological, genetic and breeding of rice tolerance to iron toxicity. Some rice genotypes were identified as having tolerance to iron toxicity with different mechanism-types. Most of the tolerance variations are local varieties which had adapted to the harst environment of their origin. Those genotypes needed to be improved to be widely adopted by farmers in the targeted areas. Selection for iron toxicity tolerance genotypes faces problems due to the fact that the targeted areas are in remote areas which are difficult to acces. It is important to develop effective and efficient screening technique that able to copy the real field condition. Identification tolerance-type of the genotypes is also very important to develop basic of more précises physiological-breeding program. A number of elite lines have been developed in some rice research institution in Indonesia. The genes regulating for iron toxicity tolerance in rice are very complex that it makes difficult to accelerate the selection using molecullar marker. An approach to develop technique of molecullar marker based breeding to iron toxicity tolerance in rice was outlined.
Peranan Bahan Organik dalam Peningkatan Produksi Kedelai dan Ubi Kayu pada Lahan Kering Masam Muzaiyanah, Siti; Subandi, Subandi
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 11, No 2 (2016): Desember 2016
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Increased production of soybean and cassava can be reached by alternatively extending cultivation to suboptimal land, such as upland acid soil, where amelioration of organic material is an attempt to improve soil fertility. The sources of organic material can be obtained from the agricultural and non-agricultural waste, such as: compost and manure. Organic materials are not only beneficial for improving the chemical, physical, physico-chemical and biological soil characters, but also capable of supporting plant growth to produce higher yields in soybean and cassava.
Metode Penapisan Kedelai Toleran Salinitas Pratanti Haksiwi Putri
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 11, No 1 (2016): Juni 2016
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Soil salinity is due to the dissolved salt in the soil or groundwater. Salinity can be defined as the condition of the soil with EC > 4 dS/m (equivalent to 40 mM NaCl), the osmotic pressure of 0.2 MPa, and the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of <15. Salinity occurs on dry land dry climate and on tidal swamp land near the beach. Saline land area is increasing as a result of land degradation due to various causes. The combination of excessive fertilization, poor irrigation systems and climate change are some of the factors causing salinity. This causes salinity becomes an important issue in the development of agriculture today and in the future. Research on evaluation of soybean resistant to salinity had been done, however, there were some inconsistence results. This paper aimed to review the method of screening for salinity tolerance of soybean, to obtain an appropriate method. Screening for saline-tolerant soybean genotypes need to be done on the entire growth phases of plant, to see the consistency of genotypic resistance to salinity. Things to be considered in screening salinity tolerant in soybean including (1) controlling DHL periodically, (2) the selection of observed variables correlated directly with the saline-tolerant characters, (3) a preliminary test to determine the critical limits of salinity tolerance and (4) to perform molecular screening to reduce the amount of the genotype if the number is too many. The activities should be continued with its physiological screening, to avoid the false result due to the phenotype and genotypes-environment interaction.
Peningkatan Senyawa Fenolik Bekatul dengan SSF (Solid State Fermentation) sebagai Pencegah Kanker Yeni Kurniati; Slamet Budijanto; Lilis Nuraida; Fitriya Nur Annisa Dewi
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 12, No 2 (2017): Desember 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Rice bran is a by-product of rice-milling process. The rice bran is a coarse powder substance that is rich in bioactive components, including ferulic acid, ?-oryzanol, ? -sitosterol, tokotrienol/tocopherol, trisin, r-coumaric, sinapic, syiringic and phytic acid. The phenolic compounds of rice bran have potential of preventing cancer. The compounds could be increased by SSF (Solid State Fermentation). Enzymes produced by microbes during the process of fermentation are amylase, xylanase, protease, lacase, esterase, and ? -glucosidase. Enzymes which help increase the phenolic compounds in the rice bran include: lacase, esterase and ? - glucosidase. Factors affecting the amount of increases of phenolic compounds in SSF are the types of microbes being used and duration of fermentation.
Improvement of Type III Resistant Starch on Food Material Using Hydrotermal Method Shinta Dewi Ardhiyanti; Bram Kusbiantoro; Adil Basuki Ahza; Didah Nur Faridah
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Resistant starch (RS) on food can not be degraded by human digestive enzyme, so that it gives positive effect on human health. The RS content can be enhanced by chemical, enzymatic or physical methods. Physical modification method that is frequently used including heating and cooling cycles, heat moisture treatment/HMT and annealing. These methods generally produce RS type III, which is the product of retrogradation. Physical modification process promotes the reorganization of starch crystalline, which elevate the level of RS or even decrease it. The interaction between intrinsic and extrinsic factors during modification process can produce variation of RS contents in a particular food materials. Different RS analyses method can also induce the variation.
Varietas Unggul Padi Tahan Hawar Daun Bakteri: Perakitan dan Penyebaran di Sentra Produksi Rina Hapsari; Untung Susanto; Satoto Satoto
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 11, No 2 (2016): Desember 2016
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Bacterial leaf blight or BLB (Xanthomnas oryzae pv. oryzae or Xoo) is one of the main diseases in riceproducing countries, including Indonesia. Development of resistant varieties is an effective approach to be done in endemic areas of BLB. Breeding program for bacterial leaf blight resistant varieties could be effective by utilizing bioassay technique screening, selection in endemic areas, and MAS technique. The resistant varieties to be grown in some regions should have considered the composition of Xoo. Several resistant varieties have been released and those varieties can be recommended for endemic areas of BLB with a specific composition.
Rekayasa Ekologi dalam Perspektif Pengelolaan Tanaman Padi Terpadu Baehaki S. E.; Nugraha Budi Eka Irianto; Surachmad W. Widodo
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 11, No 1 (2016): Juni 2016
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Ecological engineering is a form of ecological services for the agro-ecosystem restoration in order the whole control factors work naturally, toward to sustainable of life. Ecological engineering in integrated crop management (ICM) provides ecological services to empowering rice varieties, nutrition, irrigation, pest, and weed control. Integrated varieties management is a form of ecological services to improve the ecological stability of genotypes biodiversity through the assembly of resistant varieties that equipped with a functional character to be applied as a mosaic varieties. Integrated nutrition management is a form of ecological services to improve the performance of the phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), potassium solubilizing bacteria (KSB), and sulfur oxidizing bacteria in an organic fertilizer as a mediator and the basic material of inorganic fertilizer as a starter. Integrated pest management is a form of ecological services through dynamics interactive between plant-pest-natural enemies based SIPALAPA, ROPALAPA, enrichment parasitoids and predators, plant traps and light traps. The use of light traps to determine the economic threshold, control strategies, and help the natural enemies when it works exceed the limits. Integrated water management to provide services in the regulation of water directly or regulation of relative humidity and temperature indirectly in providing a suitable environment for natural enemies and soil microbes. Integrated pest management uses selective insecticides to the area of target pests to serve the natural enemies that work over load.
Adoption Analysis of Hybrid Rice Development in Indonesia Satoto Satoto; Yuni Widyastuti; Nita Kartina; Bayu Pramono Wibowo
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

The current rice productivity tends to be stagnant and even falling, due to the biotic and abiotic stresses and is affected by global climate changes. An alternative to solve the problem is to use the effect of heterosis through hybrid rice technology. China had pioneered in developing hybrid rice and farmers had been successfully adopting widely hybrid rice variety. Indonesia is still lagging behind in developing hybrid rice technology where the rate of hybrid rice diffusion in farmers fields tend to be slow. Around 4.92% of the total rice area is currently planted with hybrid rice. It is necessary to analyze factors that cause the low level of hybrid rice adoption in Indonesia. Factors affecting farmers’ responses to hybrid rice included socio economic factor and farmers’ profiles, hybrid rice productivity, degree of varietal resistance to pests and deseases, grain quality, cultivation technique, cost of production, selling price of grain and availability of information. This paper identified challenges and obtacles in hybrid rice development, analyzed factors that influence the adoption rate, and to recommend policies that encourage the development of hybrid rice varieties in Indonesia.

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