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Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 14104377     EISSN : 25491393     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by The Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. This peer-refereed journal covering the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation, of all kinds of genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes. Manuscripts submitted to this journal are those that have never been published in other journals. This journal is published in one volume of two issues per year (June and December). We invite authors to submit the manuscripts to this journal in English or Indonesian. Detail information about the journal, including author guidelines and manuscript template, is available on the website (http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bpn). The manuscript should be submitted electronically through our submission system. Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. BPN Accredited by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia (No. 21/E/KPTP/2018) for period of 2016-2020. This peer-refereed journal covers the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation related to genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes which has never been published in other Journal
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Articles 296 Documents
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Karakterisasi Varietas Unggul Pisang Mas Kirana dan Agung Semeru di Kabupaten Lumajang P.E.R. Prahardini; nFN Yuniarti; Amik Krismawati
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 16, No 2 (2010): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v16n2.2010.p126-133

Abstract

The Characterization of Two Superior Varieties of Banana from Lumajang Regency East Java. Lumajang regency is one of the banana production centre in East Java having highdiversity of banana germ plasm. There are 33 cultivars of banana germ plasm in the regency, consist of table fruit and plantain. The superior variety in Lumajang Regency are Agung Semeru (Musa x paradisiaca) as plantain and Mas Kirana (Musa acumunata) as fresh table fruit varieties. Those variety can grow well at 450-650 m above sea level. The objective of this study were to make inventory and exploration banana plants with respect to the information on the condition. Inventory and exploration were conducted at two Regency, i.e. Senduro and Pasrujambe from Mei 2006 until March 2007. The aim of this study were to identify, characterize, and inventarize of banana tree and use as reference characteristics of banana tree. The characteristic of banana’s Agung Semeru variety could be seen by the colour of pseudostem (light red), the uniqueness of fruit set, number of sucker per cluster (only 1-2 suckers per cluster), the size of the finger (33-36 cm long) and 19 cm around) and the number of hand per bunch (only 1- 2 hand per bunch) with the weight around 10-20 kg/bunch. Superior characteristics of the Agung Semeru variety were the thickness of fruit skin, the long period of fruit storage (3-4 weeks after harvesting) and the sweetness of fruit flesh. Even though the skin changes from yellow to black, the flesh still could be consume, because it doesn’t become soft. This variety could be used for the raw material of small and middle home industries. The characteristic of banana Mas Kirana variety could be seen by the colour of pseudostem (brownish-red), number of sucker per cluster (only 2-3 suckers per cluster), the size of the finger was small and prefered by the consumer with yellowish colour, the weight around 11-13 kg/bunch. Superior characteristics of the Mas Kirana variety were sweetness, fresh and crispy of fruit flesh, beside those character also could be used for banana’s cakes and had short period of production. In additions those varieties were also resistant to the Sygatoka disease compared to other plantain cultivars. AbstrakKabupaten Lumajang Jawa Timur, merupakan salah satu wilayah yang mempunyai keragaman plasma nutfah pisang. Di daerah ini terdapat 33 plasma nutfah pisang yang terdiri atas pisang sebagai buah meja dan pisang olahan. Varietas unggul pisang di Kabupaten Lumajang adalah Agung Semeru (Musa paradisiaca) sebagai pisang olahan dan Mas Kirana (Musa acumunata) sebagai buah segar. Kedua varietas pisang tersebut tumbuh pada ketinggian 450-650 m dpl. Eksplorasi dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan dan mengidentifikasi tanaman, bentuk tumbuhan, dan habitat. Kegiatan eksplorasi dilakukan di dua kecamatan, yaitu Senduro dan Pasrujambe, pada bulan Mei 2006 hingga Maret 2007. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi, menginventarisasi, dan mengkarakterisasi tanaman pisang, sehingga dapat disusun berbagai karakter tanaman. Karakteristik pisang varietas Agung Semeru terlihat dari warna batang (merah terang), pembentukan buah yang unik, jumlah anakan 1-2 anakan/rumpun, di samping itu ukuran buah besar (keliling buah 19 cm) dan panjang (33-36 cm), jumlah sisir 1-2 sisir/tandan dengan bobot 10-20 kg/tandan. Keunggulan lain dari pisang varietas Agung Semeru adalah kulit buah tebal sehingga tahan disimpan 3-4 minggu setelah petik dan rasa buah manis. Walaupun kulit buah sudah kehitaman tetapi daging buah tetap enak dikonsumsi karena tidak lembek. Karakteristik pisang varietas Mas Kirana terlihat dari warna batang (merah kecoklatan), jumlah anakan 2-3 anakan/ rumpun, ukuran buah kecil yang disenangi konsumen, dan berwarna kuning bersih. Keunggulan varietas Mas Kirana adalah rasa daging buah manis, segar, dan teksturnya renyah, dapat dijadikan bahan baku industri olahan berupa tepung pisang dan sale, umur relatif genjah dengan produktivitas 11- 13 kg/tandan. Kedua varietas tersebut tahan penyakit bercak daun dibandingkan dengan kultivar pisang lainnya.
Evaluasi Hibrid Hasil Persilangan Mangga Arumanis-143 dengan Tiga Kultivar Mangga Merah Berdasarkan Karakter Buah Karsinah Karsinah; Rebin Rebin; Lukitariati Sadwiyanti
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 20, No 2 (2014): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v20n2.2014.p77-84

Abstract

Evaluation of Mango Hybrids Derived from Crossing of Arumanis-143 with Three Red Mango Cultivars Based on Fruit Characters. Karsinah, Rebin, and Lukitariati Sadwiyanti. In order to improve the character of mango cv. Arumanis-143 that has green-skinned fruit to become red one, Indonesian Tropical Fruits Research Institute Solok had mainactivity, i.e. crossing between Arumanis-143 with Cukurgondang red clones. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the hybrids of mango cv. Arumanis-143 crossing with three red mango cultivars based on fruit characters, and to get 1–2 new superior varieties candidate that had taste like Arumanis-143 with red/attractive fruit skin color. The research was conducted at Cukurgondang Experimental Field, Pasuruan, East Java from June to December 2011. Plant materials used were four cultivars of parents i.e. Arumanis- 143, Irwin, Gedong Gincu, and Saigon, and 27 hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Irwin, Arumanis-143 with Gedong Gincu, and Arumanis-143 with Saigon. The results indicated that there were 10 hybrids of 27 hybrids having bear fruits i.e. four hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Irwin, four hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Gedong Gincu, and two hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Saigon. The fruit shape of four hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Irwin were elliptic, fruits size varies with the smallest fruit weigh was F1-09 i.e. 202 g and the largest was F1-14 i.e. 443 g, fruits taste were sourish sweet-sweet, and the fruits skin color were green-yellow. Fruit shape of four hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Gedong Gincu were elliptic, fruit size varies with the smallest fruit weigh was F1-87 i.e. 281 g and the largest was F1-18 i.e. 519 g, fruits taste were vapidness sweet-very sweet, the fruits skin color were green-orangish green. The fruit shape of two hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Saigon were elliptic, fruit weigh of F1-45 was 141 g, fruit taste was sweet with yellowish-red fruit skin color and F1-49 was 232 g, fruit taste was sweet with yellowish green fruit skin color. Result of hibrids evaluation indicated that there was a new superior variety candidate that has taste like Arumanis-143 with yellowish-red fruit skin color. AbstrakDalam rangka memperbaiki karakter buah mangga Arumanis- 143 yang kulit buahnya berwarna hijau agar menjadi merah, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika, Solok, telah menyilangkan antara mangga Arumanis-143 dengan klon merah Cukurgondang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter hibrid hasil persilangan mangga Arumanis-143 dengan tiga kultivar mangga merah berdasarkan karakter buah dan untuk mendapatkan 1–2 kandidat varietas unggul baru yang mempunyai cita rasa seperti Arumanis-143 dengan kulit buah berwarna merah/menarik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cukurgondang, Pasuruan, Jawa Timur, dari bulan Juni sampai Desember 2011. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan ialah empat kultivar tanaman tetua, yaitu Arumanis-143, Irwin, Gedong Gincu, dan Saigon, serta 27 hibrid hasil persilangan Arumanis-143 dengan Irwin, Gedong Gincu, dan Saigon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 27 hibrid yang dievaluasi terdapat 10 hibrid yang berbuah, yaitu empat hibrid hasil persilangan antara Arumanis-143 dengan Irwin, empat hibrid hasil persilangan Arumanis-143 dengan Gedong Gincu, dan dua hasil persilangan Arumanis-143 dengan Saigon. Buah dari empat hibrid hasil persilangan antara mangga Arumanis-143 dengan Irwin berbentuk jorong, ukuran buah bervariasi, yang terkecil F1-09 berbobot 202 g dan terbesar F1-14 berbobot 443 g, rasa buah manis asam-manis, kulit buah berwarna hijau-kuning. Buah dari empat hibrid hasil persilangan Arumanis-143 dengan Gedong Gincu berbentuk jorong, ukuran buah bervariasi, yang terkecil F1-87 berbobot 281 g dan terbesar adalah F1-18 berbobot 519 g, rasa buah manis hambar-sangat manis, kulit buah berwarna hijau-hijau orange. Buah dari dua hibrid hasil persilangan Arumanis-143 dengan Saigon berbentuk jorong, buah F1-45 berbobot 141 g, rasa manis dengan kulit buah berwarna merah kekuningan dan buah F1-49 berbobot 232 g, rasa manis dengan kulit buah berwarna hijau kekuningan. Dari hasil evaluasi terhadap hibrid mangga diperoleh satu kandidat varietas unggul baru yang bercita rasa seperti Arumanis-143 dengan kulit buah berwarna merah kekuningan, yaitu F1-45.
Karakteristik Umbi Plasma Nutfah Tanaman Talas (Colocasia esculenta) Mamik Setyowati; Ida Hanarida; nFN Sutoro
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 13, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v13n2.2007.p49-55

Abstract

Taro have been cultivated and consumed as a food supplement in Indonesia. Beside it used as a food, it is also as source of industrial purposes, such as a part of raw material of cosmetic or plastic. Characteristic of tuber (corm) of taro determine their usage. Utilization of germplasm collection of taro could be done more intensively by studying their morphological characters. Experiment was conducted in 2005 consisted of 170 accessions of taro. Morphological characters of tuber have been observed at harvest time. Result of the study show that variability of morphological characters were exist within areas or among areas. There are several interesting varieties which have long umbi or high tuber yield and specific tuber flesh color. AbstrakTanaman talas telah lama dibudidayakan dan dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pangan tambahan di Indonesia. Di samping sebagai sumber pangan, talas juga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan industri, misalnya sebagai bahan baku kosmetik dan plastik. Karateristik umbi talas menentukan penggunaannya. Pemanfaatan talas dapat ditingkatkan dengan mempelajari sifat-sifat morfologi yang dimiliki plasma nutfah yang telah dikoleksi. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada tahun 2005 terdiri atas 170 aksesi plasma nutfah talas. Karakter morfologi umbi diamati setelah panen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat keragaman karakter morfologi dalam daerah atau antar daerah asal plasma nutfah. Dari koleksi plasma nutfah yang telah dimiliki diperoleh aksesi yang menarik seperti umbi talas yang panjang dengan warna daging umbi yang khas.
Identifikasi Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Buah-buahan Lokal Kalimantan Sri S. Antarlina
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 15, No 2 (2009): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v15n2.2009.p80-90

Abstract

Eight of Kalimantan’s native fruits were identified at Laboratory of Research Institute of Swampland Agriculture (RISA) in 2003. Characterization conducted for the physical characteristic, chemical composition, and life storage of fruit. Fruit was observedat the optimal maturity. The result of characterization of each fruit in the form of description based on appearance, measurement, taste, and chemical composition. There was reduction in fruit weight and fruit quality during storage at room temperature with life storage of 5 to 11 days. Based on the some fruits such as durian, pampaken, hampalam, kasturi, and kuini, have their commercial value that need to be further developed including their cultivation. Grafted planting material may shorten the juvenile period and reduced the height of plant to ease harvesting. Most of plants are seasonal bearing and their fruits are hard to be peeled. While fruits which have no commercial value, such as mentega, balangkasua, and ramania, are need to be conserved as genetic resources. AbstrakDelapan jenis buah-buahan lokal Kalimantan telah diidentifikasi di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Pertanian Lahan Rawa (Balittra) pada tahun 2003. Karakterisasi dilakukan terhadap sifat fisik, komposisi kimia, dan daya tahan simpan buah. Buah diamati pada kondisi masak optimal. Hasil karakterisasi masing- masing buah berupa deskripsi berdasarkan penampakan, ukuran, rasa, dan komposisi kimia. Selama penyimpanan pada suhu kamar, buah mengalami susut bobot dan penurunan kualitas dengan daya tahan simpan 5-11 hari. Berdasarkan karakterisasi ini dapat diketahui buah-buahan seperti durian, pampaken, kuini, kasturi, hampalam potensial untuk dikembangkan, namun perlu dipertimbangkan nilai ekonominya dan perbaikan teknologi budi daya. Bibit sambung mungkin dapat mempercepat tanaman berbuah dan mengurangi tinggi tanaman untuk memudahkan pemetikan buah. Kebanyakan tanaman ini berbuah musiman dan buah sukar dikupas. Buah-buahan yang tidak/kurang memiliki nilai ekonomis (mentega, balangkasua, ramania) perlu dilestarikan secara terencana di kebun plasma nutfah.
Karakter Agronomi dan Ketahanan Beberapa Galur Pelestari Dihaploid terhadap Hawar Daun Bakteri Iswari S. Dewi; Indrastuti A. Rumanti; Bambang S. Purwoko; Triny S. Kadir
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 2 (2011): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n2.2011.p88-95

Abstract

Agronomic Characters and Resistance of Several Dihaploid Maintainer Lines to Bacterial Leaf Blight. Bacterial blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Xoo) is one of the most serious diseases of rice in Indonesia. From previous research thirteen lines of dihaploid (DH) maintainer lines-derived anther culture were selected for developing cytoplasmic male sterile lines. In this research those DH maintainers were evaluated for their agronomic characters such as plant height, number of productive tiller, and seed weight per hill as well as their resistance to Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) pathotypes III, IV and VIII at Indonesian Center Rice Research (ICRR), Sukamandi during wet season 2008/2009. The results showed that 10 DH maintainer lines i.e. BioMAc18-H36-3-Ma, BioMAc19-H36-3-Mb, BioMAc20- H36-3-Mc, BioMAc21-H36-4-M, BioMAc26-B1-1-Mb, BioMAc29-B2-1-Db, BioMAc31-B2-1-M, BioMAc33-B2-4- Pb, BioMAc34-B4-1-Da and BioMAc35-B4-1-Dc having plant height ranged from 88.79-104.08 cm, productive tiller ranged from 9 to 13 tillers/hill. Among those DH maintainer lines three lines were resistant to BLB pathotype III, i.e. BioMAc26-B1-1-Mb, BioMAc29-B2-1-Db and BioMAc31- B2-1-M lines, and two lines, i.e. BioMAc21-H36-4-M and BioMAc35-B4-1-Dc were highly resistant to BLB pathotype VIII. Only BioMAc35-B4-1-Dc lines highly resistant to BLB pathotype IV. AbstrakHawar daun bakteri yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, (Xoo) adalah salah satu penyakit utama padi di Indonesia. Dari penelitian sebelumnya 13 galur pelestari dihaploid (DH pelestari) yang berasal dari kultur antera telah diseleksi untuk perakitan galur mandul jantan baru. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi karakter agronomi dan ketahanan galur-galur DH pelestari terhadap patogen HDB. Karakter agronomi yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan produktif, dan bobot hasil per rumpun, sedangkan ketahanan terhadap HDB diamati berdasarkan skor ketahanan terhadap Xoo patotipe III, IV dan VIII di Balai Penelitian Padi, Sukamandi pada musim hujan 2008/2009. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 10 galur DH pelestari, yaitu galur BioMAc18-H36-3-Ma, BioMAc19-H36-3-Mb, BioMAc20- H36-3-Mc, BioMAc21-H36-4-M, BioMAc26-B1-1-Mb, BioMAc29-B2-1-Db, BioMAc31-B2-1-M, BioMAc33-B2-4- Pb, BioMAc34-B4-1-Da, dan BioMAc35-B4-1-Dc mempunyai tinggi tanaman berkisar antara 88,79-104,08 cm, anakan produktif berkisar antara 9-13 batang/rumpun. Di antara galur DH pelestari yang tahan terhadap HDB patotipe III, yaitu galur BioMAc26-B1-1-Mb, BioMAc29-B2-1-Db dan BioMAc31- B2-1-M, dua galur yaitu galur BioMAc21-H36-4-M dan BioMAc35-B4-1-Dc sangat tahan terhadap HDB patotipe VIII, sedangkan galur BioMAc35-B4-1-Dc yang sangat tahan terhadap HDB patotipe IV.
Evaluasi Toleransi Plasma Nutfah Padi terhadap P Rendah di Tanah Sawah Abd. Aziz Syarif; Didy Sopandie; M. A. Chozin; K. Idris; Suwarno Suwarno
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 16, No 1 (2010): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v16n1.2010.p8-16

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to assessgenotypic variability of tolerance and to identify tolerantgenotypes to low phosphorus (P) among rice germplasm onlowland (paddy) rice field with low available and potential Pusing strip plot design with three replications. P fertilization(with and without added P) was assigned as horizontal factorand 120 rice plant genotypes as vertical factor. Data on plantheight, tiller number, and shoot dryweight were collected. LowP tolerance was judged by relative value i.e. observation valueat the plot without P treatment devided by the value at the plotwith P treatment. The judgement was determined based onIRRI standard. Shoot P uptake of five tolerant and fivesensitive genotypes on no added P treatment was alsoobserved. The results showed that the germplasm exhibitedphenotypic and genotypic variability of low P tolerance. Thehighest genotypic variability of tolerance was shown by thevalue based on relative tillering number (28.7%), followed bythat of relative shoot dryweight (22,6%) and relative plantheight (7,6%). The highest broadsense heritability of tolerancewas shown by the value based on relative tiller number(24.1%), followed by that of relative plant height (16.6%) andrelative shoot dry weight (15.0%) Fourteen genotypes wereidentified as highly tolerant based on relative tiller number and28 genotypes based on relative shoot dryweight. The toleranceof genotype was attained by higher P uptake and higherinternal use efficiency.
Respon Ketahanan Beberapa Varietas Gandum terhadap Hama Gudang Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) Lina Herlina; Bonjok Istiaji
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 19, No 2 (2013): December
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v19n2.2013.p89-101

Abstract

Resistance Response of Several Wheat Varieties Against Pest of Stored Product, Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae). Lina Herlina and Bonjok Istiaji. Since Sitophilus zeamais still become the major pest of wheat as stored product. Twelve varieties of wheat were evaluated for their resistance to the infestation of S. zeamais. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Insect Specimen Collection of Indonesian Center for Agriculture Biotechnology and Genetic Resource Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD) from September 2011 to February 2012. Grains of each 12 varieties of wheat was weighed for 5 grams and placed into a plastic bottle. Six female imagos of S. zeamais (1 week old) were introduced into the bottle contained 5 grams of wheat grains. After seven days, all the insects were removed. Observation were done to count the dead and life insects after introduction. The number of larvae emerged from eggs were calculated and weighed daily. Grain weight of each variety was also weighed, the broken and intact seeds were counted and recorded at the end of the infestation. Research were conducted in randomly complete design using one factor, that was twelve varieties of wheat each were replicated three times. The result showed that the highest mortality of the pest were in Perdix, while the lowest were that in Anemos, Combi, and Nandu (0-16.7%). The highest fertility of the pests were found in the Anemos and SW Triso, while the lowest were there in Picallo (14.33-47.67 insects). Anemos was known to be variety with the highest insects population weight, while the Picallo was the variety that inhibited insect population (0.0161-0.0544 g). The longest of insect development periods was on Combi, the shortest was on Sweta (51.33-64.33 days). The shortest median development time was in the Anemos and the longest was in the Sit Nortrend (37.33-44 days). The highest percentage of seed damage and yield loss were in the Anemos, while the lowest were Picallo and Madonna. ANOVA at 5% showed no significant different for all parameters observed on the tested varieties. Resistance classification based on the indexes of Modification, Pointe and Dobie recorded that the most resistant varieties were Picallo and Pasadena. AbstrakSitophilus zeamais masih menjadi hama utama pada produk pascapanen. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Koleksi Spesimen Serangga BB Biogen dari September 2011 sampai Februari 2012 untuk mengevaluasi ketahanan 12 varietas gandum terhadap infestasi S. zeamais. Biji 12 varietas masingmasing ditimbang 5 g dan dimasukkan ke dalam botol plastik, kemudian diintroduksikan enam imago betina S. zeamais berumur seminggu. Setelah tujuh hari, seluruh serangga dikeluarkan, dihitung yang mati dan yang masih hidup. Jumlah larva (progeni F1) yang muncul dari telur diamati dan dihitung setiap hari. Berat gandum tiap varietas ditimbang pada akhir percobaan. Biji yang berlubang maupun yang masih utuh dihitung dan dicatat. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap satu faktor, yaitu jenis varietas gandum sebanyak 12 varietas, masing-masing dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa mortalitas larva tertinggi ditemukan pada varietas Perdix, sedangkan terendah pada Anemos, Combi, dan Nandu (kisaran 0-16,7%). Fertilitas tertinggi ditemukan pada Anemos dan SW Triso, sedangkan terendah pada Picallo (kisaran 14,33-47,67 ekor). Bobot tertinggi larva serangga ditemukan pada Anemos, terendah pada Picallo (kisaran 0,0161- 0,0544 g). Perkembangan serangga terlama ditemukan pada Combi dan terpendek pada varietas Sweta (kisaran 51,33-64,33 hari). Waktu paruh terpendek pada varietas Anemos dan terpanjang pada varietas Sit Nortrend (kisaran 37,33-44 hari). Kerusakan biji maupun kehilangan hasil tertinggi pada varietas Anemos, sedangkan terendah pada Picallo dan Madonna. Hasil ANOVA pada taraf 5% menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan dari seluruh varietas terhadap semua parameter yang diamati. Berdasarkan indeks Modif, Pointe maupun Dobie, varietas yang paling tahan adalah Picallo dan Pasadena.
Isolasi Protoplas Tanaman Kacang Panjang secara Enzimatis Imron Riyadi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 12, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v12n2.2006.p62-68

Abstract

The technique, kind and concentration of enzyme that were appro-priate and optimum affected the isolation process and rendement result of plant protoplasts. A research was conducted to enhance the protoplast rendements of long bean (Vigna sinensis, L.) that was isolated by enzyme Cellulase RS and Macerozyme R-10 as single and combination in a solution. Concentrations of enzyme were used as much as 2.0-3.0% w/v for Cellulase RS and 0.4-0.6% w/v for Macerozyme R-10. Those solutions contain mannitol 25 mM as osmotycum. Isolation process was done on shaker with 50 rpm (rotation per minute) speed in dark room for 3 hours. Results show that C3 treatment (concentration of Cellulase RS enzyme as much as 3.0% w/v) yielded protoplasts density 17.40 x 105 protoplasts/ g fresh weight of mesophyl and M2 treatment (concentration of Macerozyme R-10 enzyme as much as 0.5% w/v) resulted 17.46 x 105 protoplasts/g. As a whole, the best treat-ment was achieved by C2M2 (combination between Cellulase RS as much as 2.5% and Macerozyme R-10 enzyme as much as 0.5% w/v) which resulted protoplasts density 32.67 x 105 protoplasts/g fresh weight of mesophyl AbstrakTeknik, jenis, dan konsentrasi enzim yang tepat dan optimum berpengaruh dalam proses isolasi dan hasil rendemen protoplas tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan rendemen protoplas kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.) yang diisolasi dengan enzim Cellulase RS dan Macerozyme R-10 secara individu dan penggabungan dua enzim dalam satu larutan. Konsentrasi enzim yang digunakan adalah 2,0-3,0% b/v untuk Cellulase RS dan 0,4-0,6% b/v untuk Macerozyme R-10. Zat osmotikum yang digunakan adalah mannitol 25 mM. Proses isolasi dilakukan di atas gyotoric shaker dengan kecepatan 50 ppm (putaran per menit) dalam kondisi gelap selama 3 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan C3 (konsentrasi enzim Cellulase RS 3,0% b/v) menghasilkan densitas 17,40 x 105 protoplas/g dan perlakuan M2 (konsentrasi enzim Macerozyme R-10 0,5% b/v) menghasilkan densitas 17,46 x 105 protoplas/g berat segar mesofil daun. Secara keseluruhan, perlakuan terbaik dicapai oleh C2M2 (konsentrasi enzim Cellulase RS 2,5% dan enzim Macerozyme R-10 0,5% b/v) yang menghasilkan densitas 32,67 x 105 protoplas/g berat segar mesofil daun.
Identifikasi Ketahanan Sumber Daya Genetik Kedelai terhadap Hama Pengisap Polong nFN Asadi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 15, No 1 (2009): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v15n1.2009.p27-31

Abstract

Pod sucking bugs are the main insects pest that affect both yield quality and quantity of soybean seriously. There are three kinds of insect pest ie: Riptortus linearis (F), Nezara viridula (L), and Piezodorus rubrofasciatus. The soybean plants were mainly attacked by insects during seed and pod development decreased yield up to 79%. To identify soybean germplasm resistant to pod sucking bugs for breeding base material, 100 accessions of soybean germplasm were tested in Bogor Experimental Station during the wet season 2003. Each accession was planted in 2 m x 3 m plot with 40 cm x 15 cm plant spacing. There was no pest control during flowering stage until pod maturing stage. Data collected were population of each pod suckers bugs, percentage of seed and pods damage. The accessions with 0-20% of seed damage (score 1) were selected as the resistant genotypes. The result showed that among three kinds pod suckers, population of Riptortus linearis was higher then others. It was found nearly in each plot with different insect incident (score 1-4). Based on seeds and pods damage symptom, there were identified 17 accessions resistant to pod suckers. The lowest seed and pod damage caused by the insect were found in TGM 131-1-1-1B and GM425 Si accessions. The selected accessions were suggested to be used as parent materials for future breeding program. AbstrakHama pengisap polong merupakan hama penting yang dapat mengakibatkan penurunan hasil kedelai secara signifikan. Ada tiga jenis hama pengisap polong yang sering ditemukan menyerang pertanaman kedelai, yaitu Riptortus linearis (F), Nezara viridula (L), dan Piezodorus rubrofasciatus. Hama tersebut menyerang pertanaman kedelai selama stadia pengisian biji hingga menjelang polong masak. Serangan hama pengisap polong dapat menurunkan hasil kedelai hingga 79%. Sumber daya genetik (plasma nufah) kedelai tahan hama pengisap polong sangat diperlukan sebagai bahan dasar pemuliaan. Sebanyak 100 aksesi plasma nutfah kedelai telah diuji ketahanannya di Kebun Percobaan Cikeumeuh, Bogor, pada MH 2003. Setiap aksesi ditanam pada petakan berukuran 2 m x 3 m dengan jarak 40 cm x 15 cm. Mulai dari stadia pembungaan hingga polong masak tidak dilakukan penyemprotan hama. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap populasi ketiga jenis hama pengisap polong, skor ketahanan/persentase biji, dan polong terserang. Aksesi dengan persentase biji terserang (skor 1) digolongkan pada aksesi tahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, dari ketiga jenis hama pengisap polong, R. linearis ditemukan paling banyak, hampir pada setiap petak pengujian dengan tingkat serangan yang berbeda. Berdasarkan skor gejala kerusakan pada biji dan polong telah diidentifikasi 17 aksesi plasma nutfah kedelai yang tergolong tahan terhadap hama pengisap polong. Persentase biji dan polong rusak terendah ditemukan pada aksesi TGM 131-1-1-1B dan GM425Si. Kedua aksesi tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai sumber tetua persilangan dalam program pemuliaan untuk ketahanan terhadap hama pengisap polong.
Genetic Diversity of Local Accessions of Dimocarpus longan Revealed By ISSR Markers Baiq Dina Mariana; A. Sugiyatno; A. Supriyanto
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 17, No 1 (2011): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v17n1.2011.p25-29

Abstract

Keragaman Genetik Aksesi Lenggkeng Lokal Dimocarpus longan Berdasarkan Penanda ISSR. Lengkeng telah berkembang di Indonesia, namun studi tentang tanaman ini belum banyak dilakukan. Studi untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik lengkeng lokal telah dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro) pada bulan Maret- April 2008. Penanda ISSR digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi keragaman genetik antar delapan genotipe lengkeng lokal yang telah dikoleksi oleh Balitjestro. Dendogram yang dibuat berdasarkan UPGMA menggunakan metode SAHN menunjukkan nilai kemiripan sebesar 0,34-0,86. Nilai kemiripan tertinggi diperoleh dari KL I dan KL II (0,86) dan nilai kemiripan terendah diperoleh dari KL I dan KL V/KL VI (0,34). Penanda ISSR dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi lengkeng dan dapat memberikan informasi yang berguna untuk program pemuliaan lengkeng di kemudian hari. AbstrakThere is no clear history of longan development in Indonesia even though it has developed well in Indonesia for many years. The study aimed at revealing genetic of diversity of local longan was done in Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Research Institute (ICSFRI) from March to April 2008. ISSR markers were employed to identify the genetic variation among eight morphologically more or less alike accessions of longan ssp. Matrix data was counted and dendogram of samples was constructed using UPGMA and SAHN method. The cluster showed similarity value 0.34-0.86. The highest similarity value was observed between KL I and KL II (0.86) while the lowest one was obtained between KL I and KL V/KL VI (0.34). ISSR markers were able to identify the genetic diversity of longan and were helpful to provide information on genetic diversities especially for future breeding programs.

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