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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Core Subject : Engineering,
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Articles 3,145 Documents
 161   162   163   164   165 
Kaji Eksperimental Pengaruh Temperatur Campuran Bahan Bakar Biosolar B20 Dan Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Mesin Diesel Halal Putra Purba; Romy Romy; Yohanes Yohanes
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The purpose of this research was testing the performance of diesel engines using a mixture of B20 biodieselfuel which commercialized in Indonesia and crude palm oil with a ratio of 95: 5, 90:10 and 85:15 respectively anda pre-heating process for mixtures is carried out. Fuel temperature was varied with 60℃, 75℃ and 90℃ before injection into the combustion chamber and compares the test data with pure B20 biosolar fuel. The performance of a diesel engine showed that by using a fuel mixture there was no significant change in the amount of effective power,torque and BMEP at constant rotation. Specific fuel consumption using a mixture of fuel without preheating process has decreased compared to using pure B20 biodiesel diesel fuel while efficiency increases. SFC value of fuel mixture with preheating process was smaller than the mixture of fuel without preheating but the thermal efficiencyincreased. The ideal temperature of the fuel mixture is 75oC for each mixed variation.Keywords: Diesel engines, biodiesel, performance, pre-heating, crude palm oil
Pengaruh Penambahan Grafena Dan Waktu Kalsinasi Terhadap Karakteristik Batu Bata Puji Rahmawati Dwi Sukma; Amun Amri; Aman Aman
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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This study aims to produce bricks with the addition of few layers graphene (FLG) and to study the effects of graphene addition and calcination time to the characteristics of the bricks produced. The brick-graphene composites synthesis was started from the manufacture of FLG using the turbulence-assisted shear exfoliation (TASE) method. The graphene was then added to the prepared clay, and formed size 5x5x5 cm3 and dried at room temperature for a week. Then the bricks were calcined with variations of 1-5 hours, and the addition of graphene 5-15%wt in furnace at temperature of 800ºC. The mechanical properties of bricks were obtained from compressive strength and porosity tests. With the addition of graphene and the length of time calcination increased the compressive strength and decreases the porosity in bricks. The results showed that the highest compressive strength (6 MPa) was exhibited by sample with the addition of 15% wt graphene and 5 hours calcination time. The lowest porosity (8%) was showed by sample with the addition of 15% wt graphene and 5-hours calcination time. The structure and morphology of graphene were characterized with the fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the crystal size of graphene was probed using the diffraction x-ray (X-RD). The XRD test showed the crystal size FLG of 25.5nm, while the SEM results show that graphene was evenly diffused.Keywords : additives, graphene, clay, compressive strength, porosity
MODEL HIDROLOGI UNTUK ANALISIS PENGARUH PERUBAHAN TATA GUNA LAHAN TERHADAP POTENSI KETERSEDIAN AIR DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI ( DAS ) SIAK Iqbal, Muhammad; Sutikno, Sigit; Sandhyavitri, Ari
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Land use change in Siak watershed (DAS Siak), Indonesia affected to cause fluctuation ofSiakwater river flows.In order to mange watershed strategies required a hydrological modelwhich to represent the hydrological cycle of the watershed. TheSoil Water Assessment Tools(SWAT) application was implemented to simulate scenarios forland use changes in the period of2002, 2007, and 2012 in Siak watershed. The research has yieldthe following resuts; the optimaldetermination coefficient (R2) of themodels were = 0.6 (>0.4), with Nash Suflicfe Efficiency(NSE) was 0.5 (0.35).The ground water reserves was calculated by comparing the ratio ofQmaximum and Qminimum during the period of 2002 to 2012. The ratio of ground waterreserves were presented as the following orderin 2002 was 10,725, in 2007 was 6,834andin 2012was respectively. The higher the Qmaxsimum / Qminimum ratiothe more critical ground waterreserved could be.Keywords: Land use change, SWAT model, ground water reserve.
Perancangan Dan Analisis Jembatan Rangka Baja Canai Dingin (Cold Formed Steel) Untuk Pejalan Kaki Reza Ermawan; Ismeddiyanto Ismeddiyanto; Ridwan Ridwan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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Abstract

Cold-formed steel is one of the alternative material that can be used as for truss bridge structures. The high slenderness of cold-formed steel is very prone to buckling (local, distortion, and global) so that the determination of cross-section capacity will be different from hot rolled steel. In Indonesia, cold-formed steel as a structure has been regulated in SNI 7971:2013. According to SNI 7971:2013, there are two methods to determine cross-sectional capacity of cold-formed steel, effective width and direct strength method. The design of a cold-formed steel truss bridge for the loading of class II pedestrians, with a combination of loading from AASHTO LRFD Guide Specification for the Design of Pedestrian Bridge (2009).This research aimed to study the efficiency of truss bridge configurations by comparing bridge weight-displacement ratio of the analyzed bridge truss systems. Bridges were designed in three truss system configurations, Warren, Pratt and Howe. The tension and compression elements, were designed with effective width and direct strength method which were available in CUFSM4 software. The results of the analysis showed that the addition of bridge weight was proportional to the reduction of bridge deflection. Warren truss bridge system produced the smallest ratio of efficiency among the three system, with a value of 5,11, while the Pratt and Howe truss bridge system had the ratio of efficiency of 5,36 and 5,50, respectively. Furthermore, the reduction of the compressive area was also proportional to the slenderness of the element analyzed with effective width method. The cross sections that had high slenderness, failures occured in local buckling. If the cross-section did not experienced global buckling on the elastic buckling curve, the failure occured in the distortion buckling. The direct strength method also produced a higher compressive capacity of 9.33% in profile variations and 8.84% in length variations compared to the effective width method.Keywords : Truss bridge, cold formed steel, truss system, direct stength method, effective widths method.
Perancangan Antena Mikrostrip Quasi-Yagi Untuk Aplikasi Wigig 60 GHZ Septyo Adi Pratama; Yusnita Rahayu; Adit Kurniawan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2019
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WiGig (Wireless Gigabite) is the next generation technology of WiFi (Wireless Fidelity). WiGig speeds can reach 7Gbps / s and have great access. In this study, microstrip antenna Quasi-Yagi MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) High gain for WiGig application operating at 60 GHz is discussed. Microstrip antenna is designed by using MIMO Technique to increase the gain. Antenna is simulated by using CST (Computer Simulation Technology) Microwave Studio software. From the simulation results, the antenna can operate at a frequency of 60 GHz. The bandwidth obtained is 3.75 GHz (5.79%) at VSWR 1.04 and the gain is 10.1 dB.Keyword: WiGig, MIMO, Gain, Bandwidth, VSWR
Perancangan Jaringan LTE-Advanced Dengan Metode Carrier Aggregation (CA) Intra-Band Contiguous Di Kota Pekanbaru Ridho Yatullah; Linna Oktaviana Sari
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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The rapid technological developments in the telecommunications world increase the need for reliable data access in order to exchange information can be faster and more stable. To resolve this, a mobile broadband technology was developed called LTE Release 10 or LTE-Advanced (LTE-A). LTE-Advanced is a 3GPP release 10 technology where bandwidth usage maximized through Carrier Aggregation (CA). In this study, the design of the LTE-Advanced network in Pekanbaru City with the Carrier Aggregation Intra-Band Contiguous Method uses 1800 MHz frequency band with 5 MHz and 20 MHz bandwidth. The design was carried out based on capacity and coverage planning and then simulated with Atoll Software. The parameters analyzed in the simulation are Signal Level, User Connected and Throughput and then be compared with planning without carrier aggregation.Keywords : Carrier Aggregation, LTE-Advanced, Signal Level, Throughput, User Connected
Studi Parametrik Rancangan Modul Penyerap Impak Mekanisme Deformasi Plastis Tipe Axial Crushing Idznur Rizky Muhammad; Musthafa Akbar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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Transportation system is an important fulfillment to simplify life in this modern era. The rising crowds in traffic is parallel with the rising of accidents. This make safety is a mandatory to noticed and a primary research on vehicles. A model of a safety system is the application of crashworthiness technology. Crashworthiness is the ability of a structure to protect cargo or passenger when a collision or impact loads take place. An application design of crashworthiness on vehicles is the Impact Absorption Module. This module is responsible for the energy absorption when a collision happen on vehicles. The module designed in this research is an axial crushing design. The research is done by using finite element method simulation. Comparison of material test in this research show that the best material for impact energy absorption is Aluminium A6063 T6. Results also show the optimum design parameter on cross-section variations is the circular cross-sectioned. The parametric study shows the optimum design parameter is on D/t 20 and L/D 3.27 ratio. This design parameter is taken based on the CFE percentage that effected by the MCF and PCF impact absorption module of 76.176%.Keyword : Crashworthiness, Impact Absorption Module, Axial Crushing, Finite Element Simulation
Pengaruh Waktu Dan Konsentrasi Polietilen Glikol Dalam Proses Presipitasi Silika Dari Palm Oil Mill Fly Ash (POMFA) Fitriani Fitriani; Edy Saputra; Panca Setia Utama
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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Silica precipitation synthesis has been carried out from palm oil mill fly ash waste by using polyethylene glycol as dispersant. This study aims to determine the effect of time and concentration of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on yield and primary particle size of silica. The silica from POMFA was extracted with NaOH. The precipitation process was sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) added with PEG-400 then heated at 70°C, precipitated using CO2 impregnation of 300 ml / minute and mechanical fragmentation of 1000 RPM. The time was variation : 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes and PEG concentrations was variation : 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The silica obtained is separated by filter paper and washed with warm distilled water and dry at 105°C until the weight is constant. The resulting silica was characterization XRD and XRF test to determine the composition and purity of silica. The best time obtained from the precipitation process was at 180 minutes with silica yield of 84.27%, and for the smallest diameter silica primary particle size was obtained with the use of 5% PEG is 19.11 nm.Keywords: Precipitation, Polyethylene Glycol, Silica, yield
Sintesis Biosurfaktan Dari Rubber Seed Oil Dan Trietanolamin : Pengaruh Rasio Mol RSOME Dan Trietanolamin Serta Jumlah Katalis KOH Wibowo, Kusnanto Eko; Irdoni, Irdoni; Nirwana, Nirwana
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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The surfactant is a substance which has the ability to reduce surface tension, interface tension, and increase the stability of an emulsion. The Surfactant is an intermediate product which is widely applied in the fields of health, pharmacy, industry, and cleaning products in the household. This study makes biosurfactant from rubber seed oil. The purpose of this study is to make biosurfactants from rubber seed oil, to see the effect of reactant mole ratio and amount catalyst of KOH on the biosurfactant characterization produced. The preliminary treatment in this study includes preparation of raw materials, extraction of rubber seed oil by pressing method, the degumming process using phosphoric acid at temperature 90°C for 1 hour, gum separation by centrifuge. The esterification process of oil and methanol with a mole ratio of fatty acid: methanol (1:9), sulfuric acid catalyst (98%) as much as 1 % (b/b) of oil, at temperature 65°C, the process is carried out until ALB < 2%. The transesterification process of methyl ester formation with a mole ratio of oil: methanol (1:9), KOH catalyst as much as 2% (b/b) of oil, at temperature 65°C for 6 hours. In the final stage, the transesterification process of methyl ester becomes esteramine with mixing time 4 hours ,temperature reaction 150°C, stirring speed 200 rpm, mole ratio reactant TEA : RSOME variation 1:2 ; 1:3 ; 1:4, amount catalyst of KOH variation 3%, 5%, and 7%. The best characteristics of biosurfactant were produced at mole ratio reactant 1:2 with amount catalyst KOH as 3% with the density of 0,989 gr/ml, the pH 9,4, ability decrease surface tension 35,43%, ability decrease interface tension 30,43%, the emulsion stability of >95%, the yield 86,96%, and FT-IR test to ascertain amine functional groups in biosurfactant.Keywords: Biosurfactant, rubber seed oil, transesterification, triethanolamine
Pengaruh Bahan Pengganti Sebagian Semen Terhadap Sifat Fisik Beton Dengan Menggunakan Abu Ampas Tebu Saputra, Yoga Aris; Djauhari, Zulfikar; Novan, Andre
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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This study examines the influence addition of sugar cane’s ash as a cement substitution material in concrete mixtures to the compressive strength, porosity and concrete shrinkage. Sugarcane ash used in this study came from Lawang, Matur, Agam Regency, West Sumatra. The percentage of sugarcane ash used as substitute material was 0%, 2.5% and 5% from the weight of cement. For the specimen containing 2,5% of sugar cane’s ash, the concrete compressive strength at 28 days was 29.61 Mpa, followed by sugar cane’s ash 5% was 28,86 MPa. Lowest compressive strength occurs in normal concrete of 28,44 MPa. In porosity test of the concrete the lowest value occurred in 2.5% sugarcane ash with a value of 9.71% at the age of 28 days, followed by sugar cane’s ash concrete porosity 5% was 11,73%. The largest porosity value occurs in normal concrete of 11,92%. The value of this porosity shows that the use of sugarcane ash at a percentage of 2.5% can increase the compressive strength of concrete. In concrete shrinkage testing, the results of the direct measurement test obtained the highest shrinkage value in normal concrete of 53 μm. The lowest shrinkage occurs in sugar cane’s ash concrete 5% was 45 μm, and sugar cane’s ash 2,5% of 50 μm.Keywords: sugarcane ash, compressive strength, porosity, concrete shrinkage

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