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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Evaluasi Kinerja Struktur Rangka Baja Gedung Bertingkat Beraturan Tahan Gempa Berdasarkan SNI 1729 2015 Appriliya Destiyani; Iskandar Romey Sitompul; Reni Suryanita
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Each building have to be designed so that the building is safe from earthquake load. The purpose of the study is to analyze the drift ratio, reaction force and structural performance at steel structures by using Direct Analysis Method (DAM) and Effective Length Method (ELM). the building structure is analyzed for earthquake loads based on the 2010 earthquake map and 2017 earthquake map. In the study, a 10-story building with a length of x 4 m and y 5 m, a ground floor height of 4,5 m and floors 1-10 is 3,5 m. The total building height is 36 m using IWF 478,447.60.60 and IWF beams 406,403.24.26. The structural system uses an open system without bracing. The structural analysis uses SAP2000 software. The results of the analysis for the DAM and ELM methods show that the deviation between levels is by the provisions of RSNI3 1726 201X, which is less than the deviation between permit levels of 0,0692 m for the ground floor and 0,0538 m for floors 1-10. Structural performance using pushover analysis based on FEMA 356, for the DAM and ELM methods results in an IO (Immediate Occupancy) level of performance with a drift value below 0,7%. Structural analysis found that the force in the DAM method was 1,4% smaller than the ELM method. This is because in the DAM method there is an increase in notional load at the nodal point at all levels. Analysis of the force on the 2017 earthquake map is smaller by 9,8% compared to the 2010 earthquake map. This is due to the acceleration value of the response spectrum on the 2017 map for S1 and Ss by 0,299 and 0,236, while for the 2010 earthquake map for S1 and Ss by 0,441 and 0,274.Keywords: Portal structure of Steel, performance, moment, stress ratio, earthquake hazard map 2017, earthquake hazard map 2010
The Effect Of Addition Of Clay Lands /(Coagulant Aids), On The Color Purification Of Peat Water With Coagulation-Flocculation Method With Al2SO4 Irwinsyah, Irwinsyah; Daud, Syarfi; Elystia, Shinta
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2017
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Abstract

Peat water is a blackish brown surface water And contains colors and turbidity that require effective treatment And efficient to be suitable for use by the society. Various types of coagulant continue to be developed one of which is the coagulant of clay with the addition of alum. The purpose of adding coagulant is to destabilize the colloids so that contacs and clumping of particles that will form a deposited floc. This study aims to calculate the efficiency of color and turbidity in peat water and compare the color quality, and turbidity with the standard of clean water quality standard (Permenkes 907 year 2002). The fixed variable used in this study was stirring speed of 100 rpm at contact time of 1 minute and 20 rpm at contact time 15 minutes. The free variable used consisted of 1 grams alum coagulant mass: 0.2 grams of clay soil, 1 grams alum coagulant mass : 0.4 grams of clay soil, 1 grams alum coagulant mass : 0.6 grams of clay soil, 1 grams alum coagulant mass : 0.8 grams of clay soil, 1.0 grams alum coagulant mass : l grams of clay soil . Highest removal efficiency and turbidity 86.45%, 97%, 82.14% at 1 g mass with particle size + 200 mesh.Keywords: Clay Land, Color, Water Peat, Turbidity, Al2SO4
Efek Temperatur Terhadap Bentuk Partikel Hidroksiapatit Dari Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Kulit Telur Itik Melalui Metode Presipitasi Tanjung, Muhamad Adrian; A, Yelmida; Komalasari, Komalasari
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is the most stable form of calcium phosphate, which is widely used in various medical applications, mainly in orthopedics and dentistry due to it’s similarities with inorganic mineral component of bone and teeth. However, in spite of chemical similarities, mechanical performance of synthetic hydroxyapatite is very poor compared with that of natural bone. It is possible to improve the properties of hydroxyapatite ceramics by controlling important parameters of powder precursors such as particle size, particle shape and agglomeration. Generally, natural or synthesized hydroxyapatite particles have rod-like and spherical-like. Different shapes of hydroxyapatite will affect biological response to human body, and the adaptation of osteoblast with hydroxyapatite. In this work, the synthesis of hydroxyapatite with various shapes has been done succesfully with the aid of precipitation method, by controlling the temperature. Spherical-like hydroxyapatite was synthesized at 30oC, rod-like hydroxyapatite was synthesized at 50oC and 70oC, and needle-like hydroxyapatite was synthesized at 90oC. FTIR analysis showed that the apatite compound has been formed with the absorption of PO4 3- and OH - ion at the wave number 1027.64, 1026.96, and 3301.69 cm-1. XRD analysis showed the similarities with standard hydroxyapatite ICDD 01-074-0566. The degree of crystallinity will be higher as long as temperature increased.Keywords: hydroxyapatite, particle shape, duck eggshells, temperature, precipitation method
Depolimerisasi Lateks Karet Alam Secara Kimia Menjadi Liquid Natural Rubber (LNR) Menggunakan Katalis Cocl2 Dengan Variasi Kadar Nano2 Septian, Septian; Amraini, Said Zul; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2020
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Abstract

Increase in derivative products from natural rubber latex with the depolymerization process to low molecular weight Liquid Natural Rubber (LNR). The use of CoCl2 and NaNO2 catalysts as degradation agents is believed to increase the efficiency of the depolymerization process. The purpose of this research is to synthesize LNR from natural rubber latex and determine the effect of NaNO2 levels and chemical depolymerization reaction time of natural rubber on the formation of molecular weight of Liquid Natural Rubber (LNR) products. The method used to produce LNR consists of several stages. The initial stage is the centrifugation of natural rubber latex which is the basic material in producing LNR. Then the main process is chemical depolymerization of natural rubber latex by the addition of degradation agents such as hydrogen peroxide, sodium nitrite and the cobalt diclloride (CoCl2) catalyst, which ends with the purification stage. The chemical depolymerization process uses a variation of the content of NaNO2 degrading agents which is 2, 3, 4 bsk (weight per hundred rubbers). The LNR results obtained will then be analyzed using FTIR and GPC analysis tools. The results of this study found that the content of NaNO2 is 4 bsk NaNO2 degradation levels of 126,448 g/mol. By using the chemical depolymerization process also undergoes the formation of functional groups such as carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. Keywords: depolymerization, dry rubber concentration, gel permeation chromatography, natural rubber latex, reaction time
PEMBUATAN BAHAN BAKAR PADAT DARI PELEPAH SAWIT DENGAN TAPIOKA SEBAGAI FILLER MELALUI PROSES DENSIFIKASI Nasution, Muhammad Hatta; Helwani, Zuchra; Komalasari, Komalasari
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 1 (2017): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2017
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Abstract

Palm frond only used as a source of raw materials for animal feed, compost and organic fertilizer in the plantation. Palm frond has a calorific value of 15,18 MJ/kg with a density of 0.138 g/cm3. The calorific value can be increased by densification. Densification is one method to increase the density of the biomass so that it will increase the calorific value of the biomass. The purpose of this research is to produce solid fuel products from palm fronds uses densification process, to determine the characteristics of the product and determine the effect of tapioca filler composition and pressure at densification for density, calorific value and proximate. The composition of tapioca filler used were 5, 10 15 and 20%. Pressure used were 50, 75 and 100 bar. The particle size used were less than 20 mesh. The highest density of the product is 0.858 gr/cm3 was obtained at tapioca filler composition 20% and pressure 100 bar. The highest calorific value of the product is 16,16 MJ/kg was obtained at tapioca filler composition 15% filler and pressure 75 bar. Variations of filler composition and pressure give a significant effect the density of the product.Keywords : Densification, Density, Filler, Pressure, Palm Fronds.
Studi Penyetelan Relai Jarak Pada Saluran Transmisi 150 KV Menggunakan Software Digsilent Rusdi Masri; Iswadi Hasyim Rosma
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2018
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The short circuit disturbance in transmission line can cause supply to disturbance costumers. Therefore, the right protection system is needed to protect transmission line from this disturbance. Analyzed protection equipment in this reseacrh is distance relay protection. In this tool, setting of the right impedance and delay time are very important. Therefore, aim of this reseacrh is to calculate the zone setting (from 1 to 3) and time delay setting of distance relay by using DIgSILENT Power Factory. The setting results from DIgSILENT are compared with manual calculations, found that setting of zone 1, zone 2 and zone 3 are 4,253 Ω, 7,657 Ω and 18,780 Ω, respectively. The time delay settings between zone 1 and zone 2 -3 are (T 2) 0,4 s (T 3) 1,2 s, respectively. As conclusion it has been found distance relay can be operated correctly as expected.Keywords : transmission line, short-circuit, distance relay, DIgSILENT
Perancangan Ulang Wire Rope Pada Sistem Hoisting Overhead Travelling Crane Kapasitas 55 Ton Di Area Crusher PT. Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk Indonesia Riski Dwi Prasetio; Syafri Syafri; Mustafa Akbar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2019
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Abstract

Hoisting system on overhead traveling crane capacity of 55 tons in the crusher area of PT. Semen Baturaja is designed for material handling processes, especially if it is needed in the event of equipment disruption or trouble in the area and also during factory shutdown. The main components of the hoisting mechanism consist of wire rope, pulley, drum, hook, lifting motor and mechanical brake. In this design initial data obtained from observations of objects and through discussions with resource persons in the field. Calculations and design up to determine the safe number of all the main components is obtained based on the appropriate literature. In this design the type of wire rope 6 x 41 + 1 Fiber 32 mm diameter is obtained and the estimated life of the wire rope is approximately 1 year with the assumption of 24 hour usage. Keyword : Overhead travelling crane, hoisting system, wire rope,design
Peluruhan Batang Graphite Baterai Bekas Dengan Metode Electrochemical Expoliation Menggunakan Pelarut Asam Sulfat Dan Sodium Sulfat Untuk Produksi Graphene Azhari Harahap; Amun Amri; Syelvia Putri Utami
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
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Abstract

Graphene is two dimensional material (2D) consisting of carbon atoms with a flat lattice configuration in a flexible hexagonal pattern. One of the materials that can be used as raw material in graphene synthesis is carbon used battery bar. The purpose of this research was to synthesize graphene using electrochemical exfoliation graphite (EEG) method and to study the process of exfoliation rate over 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 minutes for 2.5 hours. Graphene was synthesized by using two solvents H2SO4 and Na2SO4 with varied concentrations of : 0.25 M, 0.5 M, 0.75 M and 1 M. From the synthesis results, the best exfoliation rate and the best yields were shown by Na2SO4 solvent at 1 M concentration with a yield of 21.83%. From the graphene conductivity test, the best conductivity was obtained by Na2SO4 solvent at 1 M concentration with conductivity value of 0,1698 Ω-1.cm-1.Key words : Electrochemical exfoliation graphite, graphene, graphite.
Analisis Ketersediaan Air Pada Sub Kesatuan Hidrologi Gambut Tanjung Leban Provinsi Riau Yogi Guntara; Sigit Sutikno; Ari Sandhyavitri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
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Abstract

Availibility of water at each location are different. This is due to the climate divergence at those locations. The limitation of water availibility and the increasing of its demand have caused several problems, one of them is the deficit of water. Water deficiency is a huge matter on several locations especially provinces with peatlands. In order to analyze water availibility, it can be done by using Mock Method. Mock (1975) has introduced a formulation to calculate stream flow by using rainfall data, evapotranspiration, and hydrology characteristic of flow area to estimate the magnitude of flow in case those data is not affordable. The analysis results have shown that the optimated flow rate by using Mock model factor of 0,910 on August 2017 with 20% of dependable discharge was 1,036 m3/s and the measured discharge was 0,910 m3/s. However, the availibility of water does not have much direct influence towards the number of hotspots. Commonly, the hotspots occurred due to external factor, i.e. human activity.Keywords: Water availibility, Mock method, Hotspots
Sintesis Biopelumas Dari Minyak Biji Karet: Pengaruh Rasio Molar Minyak Dan Oktanol Serta Suhu Reaksi Terhadap Yield Biopelumas Susilawati Susilawati; Irdoni Irdoni; Nirwana Nirwana
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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A lubricant is a liquid that is given between two moving metal objects to reduce the friction. Rubber seed oil is an oil that cannot be consumed because it is poisonous, so it has the potential to be a biolubricant. This research purposes to synthesize biolubricant by using rubber seed oil as raw material and determine the effect of oil and octanol mole ratio and reaction temperature to the biolubricant yield. This research was carried out in several stages: preparation of raw materials including extraction of rubber seed oil by pressing method, then continued by degumming process to purify the oil from the gum. Next, the esterification process to reduce of free fatty acid at the oil. Then, oil will be transesterification process with octanol to make biolubricant with variations of mole ratio oil : octanol was 1:3, 1:5 and 1:7 and variations temperature reaction of 150oC, 170oC and 190oC. This process was did for 6 hours by adding 3% (v/v) oil of NaOCH3 as a catalyst. The highest yield produced was 86,105%. The best biolubricant characteristics were produced at a mol ratio of 1: 5 and reaction temperature of 190°C with a density of 0.832 gr/ml, viscosity index 198.658, flash point 324oC, pour point 5oC and yield 84.357%.Keywords: biolubricants, rubber seed oil, octanol, transesterification

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