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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan Putaran Benda Kerja Dan Kedalaman Pemakanan Terhadap Kekarasan Permukaan Proses Gerinda Silinderis Dengan Center Pada Baja Aisi 4140 Novry Harryadi; Dodi Sofyan Arief
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Cylindrical grinding is a fundamental process in the final machining a component that requires a smooth surface roughness and precision tolerances. Cylindrical grinding processparameter variations, among others, the speed of rotation of the workpiece and the depth of cuts. This study used three variations of round rotation workpieces are low speed (83 rpm),medium speed (194 rpm) and high speed (304 rpm). Likewise with varying depth of cut is 0.005 mm, 0.010 mm, 0.015 mm. The average value of surface roughness of AISI 4140 steelcylindrical grinding tolerances based on the value of the average surface roughness / Ra are as follows : Class N7 roughness , Ra 1.6 , Tolerance ( m) ( + 50 % and - 25 % ) is 1.2 to 2.4 , asample length of 0.8 mm. The level of the average surface roughness according to the work cylindrical grinding results Steel AISI 4140 are as follows: Working Process is finishing, Hose ( N ) N4 - N8 , Ra 0.1 to 3.2. Parameters workpiece rotation speed and depth of cut for surface roughness cylindrical grinding process AISI 4140 steel workpiece is rotating speed194 rpm and 0,010 mm depth of cuts .Keywords: Cylindrical Grinding, Rotation Speed, Depth of Cuts, Surface Roughness.
Pengujian Kebulatan Hasil Pembubutan Poros Aluminium Pada Lathe Machine Type LZ 350 Menggunakan Alat Ukur Roundness Tester Machine Saputra, Rachman; Arief, Dodi Sofyan; Prayitno, Adhy
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Machining process is a manufacturing process in which the object is formed by removing or abolishing most of the material of the object works. Reason used machining process is to obtain accuracy than other processes such as casting process, forming and also to provide a form of the inside of a particular object. This study aimed to obtain the test roundness data of the aluminum shaft using Roundness Tester Machine, process and analyze the test data. This test method 10 points in each axis. The three feeding is used (0.082 mm / rev, 0.114 mm / rev, 0.143 mm / rev) data obtained unanimity the most good at feeding 0.114 mm / rev that is Minimum circumscribed circle 0.045 to 0.229, the Maximum inscribed circle 0,046 to 0,249, Minimum radial zone 0.052 to 0.237, Least Squares Circles 0,024 to 0.134. Based on research data using a lathe turning type LZ 350 Lathe better roundness deviation is second with a feeding shaft 0.114 mm / rev net by a correction factor Roundness Tester Machine is between 0.018 mm to 0.133 mm and the average value of 0.058 mm. The test results obtained are not in accordance with the theory of reference, it should be feeding the lowest (0.082) which has a roundness deviation which was better than feeding 0.114 and 0.143, this can be due to (Humman error) operators put the test center axis or not alignemnt, specify datum turning and lathes Lathe LZ 350 type is not in optimal performance.Keywords: Machining, Roundness, Roundness Tester Machine
Studi Kecermatan Alat Ukur Roundness Tester Machine Produksi Laboratorium Jurusan Teknik Mesin Universitas Riau Dengan Metode Helix Shodikin, Shodikin; Prayitno, Adhy; Arief, Dodi Sofyan
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

measuring clock or Dial indicators is a comperator device. typically used in industrial activities in particular at product deviation, because it has good accuracy. Precision and accuracy is the closeness to the true value, can be defined as the closeness (cloness) between the values read from the measuring instrument to the true value. The use of measuring devices which have high accuracy and good will generate accurate measurement data and vice versa use measuring devices that are not good or accurate, then the results obtained are not accurate. This study aims to determine the accuracy of measuring instruments by varying the motor speed to the drive dial indicator with helix methods, and large roundness deviation (Roundness Tester Machine). The result showed that the roundness deviation for each speed roundness of the lowest value and the highest at speed 0,040 m / s is: MCC = 0.008 mm to 0.124 mm, MZC = 0.008 mm to 0.122 mm, MIC = 0.006 mm to 0.029 mm, and LSC = 0.005 to 0.085 mm. Then to the speed of 0.046 m / s roundness deviation obtained MCC = 0.007 mm to 0,186 mm, MZC = 0.005 mm to 127 mm, MIC = 0.005 mm to 0.121 mm, LSC = 0.005 mm to 0,113 mm, while the speed of 0.071 m / s roundness deviation obtained for MCC = 0.094 mm to 0.611 mm, MZC = 0.047 mm to 0,153 mm, MIC = 0,050 mm to 0.107 mm, LSC = 0.042 mm to 0.111 mm, the speed of 0,040 m / s is closer to the data than the speed of other mandrel, the effect of instrument error is evident from the table 4:20 on four very large positions are not accurate Measure tool is e (mm) = 0.0830 or e (%) = 42.17, and the roundness deviation at speed of 0,040 m/s by the largest outer circle the minimum is 0.124 mm, the inner circle is 0.122 mm maximum, the minimum of a circle area is 0.122, and for the least squares circle is 0.042 mm. The fourth circle of reference is used, then the circle of least squares best used to determine the roundness deviation results in accordance recommended ISO.          Keywords : deviation, helix method, Roundness Tester Machine, speed variation.
Penentuan Massa dan Waktu Kontak Optimum Adsorpsi Karbon Aktif Dari Ampas Tebu sebagai Adsorben Logam Berat Pb Riki Irwandi; Silvia Reni Yenti; Chairul Chairul
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Bagasse is one of the agricultural or industrial waste that can pollute the environment. One effort to improve the economic value of the bagasse can be done with the process into activated carbon. This study aimed to examine the mass effect of activated carbone and the time contact of the bagasse activated carbon adsorption used for heavy metal Pb adsorbent, and to study the characteristics of the activated carbon produced, among others, ash content and moisture content. This research was conducted in three phases were the raw material preparation, the manufacture of activated carbon, and the adsorption of Pb in PbSO4 solution. Variations in the mass carbone used in this study were 1; 2; and 3 gram. As for the time variation adsorption used were 30; 60; 90; and 120 minutes. Percent adsorption is best obtained when the mass of activated carbone of 3 grams and the optimum time contact of 90 minutes is equal to 94,15 %.Keywords: adsorbent, bagasse, activated carbone, mass of activated carbone, adsorption time
Konversi Termal Kayu Ketapang (Terminalia Catappa) Menjadi Bio-Oil Dengan Teknologi Pirolisis Menggunakan Katalis Ni/Lempung Yopalim Zanstra; Syaiful Bahri; Amun Amri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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This research aims to produce bio-oil from ketapang (Terminalia catappa) as an alternative fuel. Variables studied the effect of the weight ratio of the catalyst Ni / clay to the biomass, the influence of the metal impregnation Nickel (Ni) on clay and characterization of physical and chemical properties of bio-oil produced. Pyrolysis process carried out at a temperature of 320°C, silinap 500 ml, 50 grams of biomass with + 100-200 mesh sieve size, variations in the catalyst Ni / clay to the biomass of 3%, 6% and 9% by weight and the variation of Ni metal Impregnation against Clay at 0% , 1%, 2%, 3%. The results was analyzed by using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS) and showed the largest yield of bio-oil on the use of catalyst Ni/clay 6% by weight of the metal content of 3% at 71,1%. The physical properties characterization of bio-oil were obtained 0.79 g/ml for density, 2.1982 cSt for viscosity , 68.193 mg NaOH/g sample for acidity and 54oC for flash point. For the chemical properties characterization of bio-oil were obtained some dominant chemical components such as acetic acid , 2-propanone , glycidol, and 1-Hydroxy-3-sulpho-6-aminonapthalene.Keywords : Bio-Oil,Catalyst Ni/Clay,Ketapang,GCMS,Pyrolysis.
Pengaruh Waktu Inkubasi Terhadap Biokonversi Reject Nanas Menjadi Bioetanol M Ridwan Afitra; Adrianto Ahmad; Chairul Chairul
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Bioethanol can be produced through a fermentation process materials containing starch, sugar and cellulose fibers by fermentation by microorganisms. Bioethanol can be used as solvents, materials manufacture of perfumes, flavorings, food coloring, and drugs, and even can be used as an alternative fuel. Bioethanol production is done by a process bacth or also called bulk process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of incubation time and also get the optimum concentration of ethanol in the manufacture of bioethanol from pineapple reject. Stages of the manufacturing process starts from the substrate pineapple reject juice. Effect of incubation time will be done in this study with variations of 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours. The number of cells during the incubation period will be analyzed by measuring the dry weight of the cell. Fermentation will take place over 4 days (96 hours) with a variation of 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hours with the help of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results showed that the best time of incubation occurred at 24 and 48 hours with each cell weight of 9.8 g/L and 10.1 g/L at 96 hours of fermentation time and 48 hours which produces bioethanol concentration of 7%.Keywords : bioethanol, fermentation, incubation, pineapple reject, saccharomyces cerevisiae
Pengaruh Komposisi Katalis H-Zeolit Dan Kecepatan Pengadukan Pada Sintesa Plastisizer Butil Oleat Rinanda, Wahyu Okta; HS, Irdoni; Nirwana, Nirwana
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Oil palm commodity has a strategic role in the national economy. In the development of the palm oil industry, the necessary diversification of oil palm products needed by using the esterification reaction. One of the products of the oil palm which on development now is a fatty acid alkyl esters. Products that include the type of fatty acid alkyl ester is plasticizer. In this study, the plasticizer is synthesized by esterification of oleic acid and butanol, using activated natural zeolite catalysts. This research aims to study the influence of H-Zeolite catalyst composition and stirring speed on synthesis plasticizer butyl oleate, and determining the characteristics of the plasticizer butyl oleate which generated through analysis of test products. The process is using the variation of H-Zeolite catalyst composition (12.5%, 15%, 17.5%) based on oleic acid and stirring speed (175 rpm, 200 rpm, 225 rpm), with a fixed variable, the reaction temperature of 1100 C, the process time is 6 hours and the reaction molar ratio of 1: 9. From the analysis of the results showed that the esterification of H-Zeolite catalyst composition and stirring speed affects the conversion of the resulting products. The best operating conditions obtained in this study is the H-Zeolite catalyst composition of 17.5% and a stirring speed of 200 rpm which produces a reaction conversion of 74.50%. Characteristics plasticizer generated in this study is consistent with the characteristics of commercial plasticizers which Viscosity (200 C) 8.62 to 9.07 mPa.s and Specific Gravity (200 C) from 0.886 to 0.901.Keywords: Butyl Oleate, Esterification, H-Zeolite and Plasticizer
Pembuatan Biodiesel Dari Minyak Biji Bintaro Dengan Reaksi Transesterifikasi Dan Katalis Lempung Ratna Dian Armalita; Syaiful Bahri; Yusnimar Yusnimar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Biodiesel is one of the alternative energy made from the transesterification reaction between vegetable oils and methanol. One potential source of vegetable oil to be developed in Indonesia is bintaro seed oil. Plant bintaro as a non-food crop so it will not compete with food needs as well as cultivated plants are now widely used as an ornamental plant reforestation and on the edge of the highway. This study aims to create crude biodiesel from oil of the seeds bintaro. In this study the effect of amount of clay catalyst (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%) and effect of the mole ratio of methanol-oil (3: 1, 6: 1 , 9: 1) are studied in biodiesel produced and determined the characteristics of biodiesel from oil seeds bintaro. The study begins from raw material preparation which includes drying and grinding. Furthermore, bintaro seed oil is extracted and followed by degumming to remove impurities contained in the oil. Acquisition of the highest of crude biodiesel yield obtained by 91.70% in conditions reactan is ratio of 9 : 1 and amount of catalyst 0.5%. Results characteristics of crude biodiesel such as density 40oC of 890 kg/m3, 4.7 cSt viscosity kinematic 40oC, acid number of 0.59 mg-KOH/g. Based on analysis of GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectromatry) shows that the composition of crude biodiesel are methyl Oleat bintaro 53.92%, 25.91% methyl palmitate and methyl linoleic 20.16%.Keyword : biodiesel, clay, bintaro seed oil
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Tween 80 Pada Sakarifikasi Dan Fermentasi Serentak Pati Sorgum Menjadi Bioetanol Ajma Nouri; Chairul Chairul; Silvia Reni Yenti
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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The growing energy needs of Fuel (BBM) in the world are experiencing the limitations of the natural resources of raw materials in the form of fossil fuels are declining. To meet the needs of fuel need to be developed for non-fossil fuels. One type of vegetable fuel (BBN) is bioetanol. Raw materials that are potentially as bioetanol one is sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor l. Moench). Starch sorghum can be converted into glucose and then by using the help of microorganisms are converted into bioetanol. The methods used in this research is the process of sakarifikasi and the fermentation is done simultaneously (SSF) in 2-Litre fermenters. Sampling is conducted during the process of hidrolisa by using StargenTM enzyme and fermentation at specific time intervals to analyze levels of ethanol and sugar levels. Test your sugar levels reduction done by the method of Nelson-Somogy, alcohol concentration testing using the tool alkoholmeter. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the concentrations of Tween 80 and the fermentation time against levels of ethanol produced. Starch fermentation process conditions of sorghum with the variation of the concentrations of Tween 80 (0.5%; 1%; 0.9%; 2% and 2.5%) at each sampling time (36; 24; 48; 60, 72 and 96 h). The fermentation process takes place in the anaerobic conditions of operation pH (4.5) speed of 200 rpm and pengadukkan at room temperature. The best fermented indicated on condition of addition of enzyme concentration of 2.5%, the fermentation time 72 hours with the resulting ethanol concentration of 8% (v/v).Keywords: Bioetanol, Fermentation, starch sorghum, StargenTM 002, Tween 80
Penentuan Kesetimbangan Adsorpsi Regenerated Spent Bleaching Earth (RSBE) Terhadap Ion Cu(II) S, Andi Muhammad; Yusnimar, Yusnimar; Helianty, Sri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Spent bleaching earth (SBE) is the waste that generated from bleaching units in palm oil refining industry. Solution for the waste reduction is regenerating SBE into regenerated spent bleaching earth (RSBE) which can be used as adsorbent heavy metals in waste waters such as Cu(II) derived from the industry. In this study SBE regenerated by extracting oil soxhletation at 72oC for 8 hours with solvent n-hexane, then washed with 3% HCl and finally physically activated at a temperature of 470oC. This study aims to determine the adsorption capability of RSBE and the corresponding adsorption isotherm models. A total of 1 g RSBE mixed with a solution of CuSO4 with a volume of 100 ml at various concentrations (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 ppm). The results showed that the ion adsorption of Cu(II) by RSBE reached equilibrium after 30 minutes of contact time, and adsorption occured by following the Langmuir isotherm adsorption models with correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.956 and the maximum value of adsorption capacity is 7.41 mg Cu(II)/g RSBE.Keywords: adsorption, adsorption isotherms, ion Cu (II), SBE, RSBE.

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