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Penentuan Daya Jerap Karbon Aktif Dari Tempurung Kelapa Terhadap Ion Cu(II) Rispiandi, Fadli; Yusnimar, Yusnimar; Helianty, Sri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Activated carbon which has a high adsorption capacity for the adsorbate. Activated carboncan be produced from materials containing carbon or charcoal was treated in a certain wayto gain more surface area. The research goal was to process coconut shell into a activatedcarbon and determine the adsorption power of the ion Cu (II). The dried coconut shell wascarbonated in a sealed drum to produced charcoal / carbon. Charcoal was crushed into aparticle size of 100 mesh. Charcoals with a size of 100 mesh were activated physically andchemically. The activation process of carbon physically carried out at a temperature of 300,500 and 700 ºC. While chemically, activated carbon was done by used Na2CO3 as anactivator. Carbon/charcoal was soaked in a solution of Na2CO3 for 24 hours. Furthermore, itwas separated from the solution of Na2CO3 and dried at a temperature of 105 ºC. Activatedcarbon obtained both physically and chemically characterized to determine such as ashcontent, moisture content and adsorption power of the iodine solution and Cu(II) in solution. The results showed that the carbon which activation under a temperature of 700 ºC was the best activated carbon has a water content of 4.13%, ash content of 5.25%, iodine number 1262.95% and the adsorption power of the ion Cu(II) 99.96%Keywords : Activated Carbon, Adsorption, Chemical Activation, Coconut Shell and PhysicsActivation
Kinetika Reaksi Transesterifikasi CPO Ber-FFA Tinggi Dengan Menggunakan Katalis ZnO Sintesis Irwanda, Juni; Helianty, Sri; Yusnimar, Yusnimar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2017
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Synthesized catalyst ZnO precipitant zinc oxalate was used as the catalyst for converted Crude Palm Oil (CPO) which has a high Free Fatty Acid (FFA) into methyl ester. This research is aimed to determine the kinetics of transesterification reaction of high FFA CPO to methyl ester with that catalyst. The data of kinetics transesterification reaction is done by isolation technique that is by comparison of mole ratio of CPO : methanol 1: 18. Kinetic of transesterification was carried out at different temperatures (45 - 65°C) and different times of reaction (0 - 60 minutes). The effects of temperatures and time of the reaction rate constant were investigated. The result showed that content of methyl ester increased with the increasing of the reaction temperatures. The highest content of methil ester of 97,7% was obtained at 65°C and 60 minutes of reaction time. The rate constant of transesterification was determined by employing integral and differential method with the overall chemical reaction following the pseudo first order reaction. The activation energy was 36,55 kJ/mol.Keywords: kinetic, methyl ester, transesterification, ZnO catalyst
Produksi Enzim Lakase Oleh Jamur Trichoderma Asperellum Lbkurcci Dengan Variasi Penambahan CuSO4 Menggunakan Bioreaktor Tray Secara Solid State Fermentation (SSF) Nurliati, Ivanna; Helianty, Sri; Dahliaty, Andi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Laccase is one of the ligninolityc enzymes that capable to degrade lignin. This ability can be used for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials in the bioethanol production and lignin degradation in pulp. There are diverse sources of laccase producing like fungi, plants and bacteria. This research is, conducted to the production of laccase enzyme using Trichoderma asperellum LBKURCC1 with bioreactor tray using solid state fermentation (SSF) method with rice straw substrate. The research was purposed to determine the effect of CuSO4 inducer and know the best fermentation time on production of enzyme by Trichoderma asperellum LBKURCC1. Fermentation was carried out with time variations that are 5-10 days and variations of CuSO4 that are 0,25-0,75 g/L with substrate size ±0,5 cm, the bed depth on the tray 3 cm. Fermentation using room temperature and pH is 5,5. The result showed that the highest laccase enzyme activity was obtained on CuSO4 inducer 0,50 g/L and 7 days fermentation with average laccase enzyme activity was 19,270 U/L.Keywords: Inducer, Laccase, Rice straw, Solid state fermentation, Trichoderma asperellum.
PRODUKSI ENZIM KITINASE MENGGUNAKAN ISOLAT JAMUR LOKAL TRICHODERMA ASPERELLUM TNC52 DENGAN PENGARUH LAJU AERASI Saputra, Noris; Helianty, Sri; Rezeki, Sri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2017
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Chitinase is an enzyme that can transform chitin into N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), which is very useful in the pharmaceutical, especially as an agent of anti-tumor and anti-cancer. This research is an enlarged scale of 25 mL enzyme production that already done with enzyme activity 0.0137 U / mL, an enlarged scale is already done in a bioreactor with volume of medium is 1.5 L with aeration, aeration is doing by pumping an air by sparger and assisted by stirrer with a stirring speed motors 40-60 rpm and aeration rate of 0.5 vvm; 1 vvm; 1.5 vvm and without aeration process. The best enzyme activity is produced at a rate of 1 vvm aeration and fermentation time is 8 days with time of inoculation starter is 5 days with the activity of an enzyme produced has analyze through UV-VIS spectrophotometer with a sugar content analysis method, Nelson-Somogyi.Keywords: aeration, chitinase, enzyme, inokulation, nelson-somogyi, sparger, starter
Penentuan Kesetimbangan Adsorpsi Regenerated Spent Bleaching Earth (RSBE) Terhadap Ion Cu(II) S, Andi Muhammad; Yusnimar, Yusnimar; Helianty, Sri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Spent bleaching earth (SBE) is the waste that generated from bleaching units in palm oil refining industry. Solution for the waste reduction is regenerating SBE into regenerated spent bleaching earth (RSBE) which can be used as adsorbent heavy metals in waste waters such as Cu(II) derived from the industry. In this study SBE regenerated by extracting oil soxhletation at 72oC for 8 hours with solvent n-hexane, then washed with 3% HCl and finally physically activated at a temperature of 470oC. This study aims to determine the adsorption capability of RSBE and the corresponding adsorption isotherm models. A total of 1 g RSBE mixed with a solution of CuSO4 with a volume of 100 ml at various concentrations (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 ppm). The results showed that the ion adsorption of Cu(II) by RSBE reached equilibrium after 30 minutes of contact time, and adsorption occured by following the Langmuir isotherm adsorption models with correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.956 and the maximum value of adsorption capacity is 7.41 mg Cu(II)/g RSBE.Keywords: adsorption, adsorption isotherms, ion Cu (II), SBE, RSBE.
Pengujian Katalis ZnO Presipitan Zink Karbonat Pada Transesterifikasi CPO FFA Tinggi Desadria, Renny; Yusnimar, Yusnimar; Helianty, Sri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Crude palm oil (CPO) with a free fatty acid content (ALB) high crude can be processed into biodiesel. At present, various types of catalysts have been investigated for the process of making biodiesel from vegetable oils that have high levels of ALB, which of one is ZnO. This study aims to synthesis ZnO catalyst of precipitant ZnCO3 and is used as a catalyst in the process tranesterifikasi crude oil into biodiesel. The catalyst that has recycle synthesized and analyzed by FTIR, and the results compared with the FTIR spectrum of ZnO (Merck). Based on the results of FTIR analysis, synthesis catalyst ZnO fresh and ZnO catalyst which has been recycle the spectrum as the spectrum of ZnO p.a (Merck). After ZnO catalyst used, the catalyst in the recycle and reuse of the reaction to determine reusability ZnO catalyst in crude yield of biodiesel produced. Based on the results of the study, 90.78% yield crude biodiesel obtained from the reaction using fresh ZnO catalyst, crude biodiesel yield 85.46% for the reaction using ZnO catalyst which has been in the recycle first, crude biodiesel yield 75.67% and 70.98 % for reactions using ZnO catalyst which has been in the recycle second and third times. Biodiesel produced has a density of 870.51 to 887.58 kg / m3, kinematic viscosity of 5.76 to 5.77 mm2 / s, the flash point of 143-170 ° C, acid number 0.76 -0.79 mg-KOH / g -biodiesel and alkyl ester content of 96.54 to 96.67%. Keywords : crude biodiesel, characterization of ZnO, crude palm oil (CPO), FTIR spectrum, recycle, transesterification.
Transesterifikasi Biodiesel Dari CPO FFA Tinggi Dengan Katalis ZnO Komersial (Pengaruh Variasi Jumlah Katalis Dan Rasio Mol Minyak : Metanol) Mahdi, Khafid Ali; Yusnimar, Yusnimar; Helianty, Sri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Crude palm oil (CPO) has a high free fatty acid concentration can be used as a raw material in the production of crude biodiesel. Recently, ZnO compounds are used as heterogeneous catalysts in the biodiesel production. This research was conducted to produce crude biodiesel from CPO with the effect of variations in the mole ratio of reactants and amount of ZnO catalyst. The process of producing crude biodiesel conducted with two stages, esterification and transesterification reactions. Esterification reaction conditions at a temperature of 65°C, mole ratio of oil : methanol (1: 6, 1:12, and 1:18), and amount of catalyst 1%. Transesterification reaction conditions at a temperature of 65°C were used variation of a mole ratio of oil : methanol (1: 6, 1:12, and 1:18), and amount of catalyst (0.3%, 0.4%, and 0.5%). The highest yield of crude biodiesel obtained 96.18% under the conditions of a temperature of 65 °C, the mole ratio of reactants 1:18 and amount of ZnO catalyst 0.5%. Based on results, the crude biodiesel has a density (40°C) 868 kg/m3, kinematic viscosity (40°C) 5.71 mm2/s, a flash point of 164°C, the acid number of 0.72 mg-KOH/g-biodiesel, saponification numbers 20.83 mg-KOH/g-biodiesel and alkyl ester content of 96.56%. These characteristics of biodiesel are suitable to SNI 04 - 7182- 2006 standard.Key words : crude biodiesel, crude palm oil, esterification, transesterification, ZnO
Pembuatan Crude Biodiesel Dari Cpo BER FFA Tinggi Dengan Menggunakan Katalis ZnO Sintesis Martin, Intan Fitra; Helianty, Sri; Yusnimar, Yusnimar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Biodiesel is an alternative fuel that becoming worldwide attention as renewable energy which could replace diesel fuel in compression ignition engines. It can be produced from CPO which has a high free fatty acid through the process called transesterification was catalyzed by zinc oxide (ZnO) catalyst. Heterogeneous catalyst such ZnO was promising candidate which has various advantages such as the easy catalyst separation from the reaction mixture, product purification and the reduction of environment pollutants. The purpose of this research is to synthesis ZnO catalyst by natrium oxalate precipitation. The crude palm oil has free fatty acid as such as 8,36%, so CPO conversion was conducted by esterification then transesterification reactions. The esterification reaction was occured at temperatures 65oC with H2SO4 catalyst as much as 1% w/w of oil. The transesterification reaction was occured at temperatures 65oC; with the molar ratio of crude palm oil to methanol were 1:6, 1:12, 1:18; concentration of ZnO catalysts were 0,3%, 0,4% and 0,5%; reaction time was 60 minutes. ZnO catalyst exhibited good activity in the biodiesel production with the yield of FAME above 98% after 1 hour of reaction with the molar ratio of methanol oil 1:18 and ZnO catalyst concentration of 0.5% w/w of oil. The produced crude biodiesel has density 878,5 kg/m3, viscosity 5,7 mm2/s, flash point 165oC, acid value 0,75 mg-KOH/g-biodiesel and alkyl ester content 97,2%.Keywords : crude biodiesel, crude palm oil, esterification, transesterification, ZnO.
Produksi Enzim Lakase Oleh Jamur Trichoderma Asperelloides LBKURCC2 Menggunakan Substrat Jerami Padi Secara Fermentasi Kultur Padat Dengan Variasi Waktu Fermentasi Dan Laju Aerasi 1,5 L/M Iwara, Bangkit Swadi; Helianty, Sri; Dahliaty, Andi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Laccase (benzenediol:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.10.3.2) is classified as blue copper oxidase enzyme. Laccase generally found in plant, insect, bacteria and filamentous fungus. One of filamentous fungus that able to degradates lignin is Trichoderma. Lignin is available in biomass such as rice straw, that contains around 18% lignin. The technique of producing laccase enzymes in this study is solid state fermentation. Solid state fermentation allows microorganisms to grow in conditions close to or similar to their natural habitat, with relatively better product than submerged state fermentation. In this study, the effect of giving force aeration on variations in fermentation time was studied in order to obtain optimum conditions for the production of laccase enzyme by solid state fermentation using the fungus Trichoderma asperelloides LBKURCC2 with rice straw substrate on a tray bioreactor. The fermentation is carried out with variation of the fermentation time 6, 8, and 10 days with incubation temperature of 30 ± 2 ºC, acetate buffer solution pH 5.5 (0.05 M), substrate size 1 cm, addition of 0.5 g / l CuSO4.7H2O inducer, bed height 3 cm, and aeration rate 1.5 l / m. The highest laccase enzyme activity was obtained during the production time of 8 days, with an average 7.78 x 10-6 U / L. The 8th day is considered to be the best growth time where the enzyme activity has reached its peak and is in a stagnant condition after the increase that occurred on the 6th and 7th days. Meanwhile, on the 9th and 10th days there was a significant decrease in the activity of the laccase enzyme due to the greater repression of catabolites.Keywords: Laccase, Solid State Fermentation, Tray Bioreactor, Force Aeration, FermentationTime
Desain Reaktor Polimerisasi Prarancangan Pabrik Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (Abs) Dengan Proses Emulsion Selsa Idillah; Sri Helianty
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) is a copolymer composed of polymerization styrene, acrylonitrile, and polybutadiene. Excellent toughness, good dimensional stability, and chemical resistance are ABS properties that are appealing. ABS is regularly used to make lightweight, rigid, and malleable products such as medical devices, cosmetics, household appliances, cabinets, bathtubs, pipes, and vehicle components. Consumption of plastics will continue to increase by 5% per year in Indonesia. Demand for ABS has increased significantly with imports, our final project is proposed to design an ABS plant that meets 10% of domestic ABS needs. Also, the establishment of this factory was based on advancing Indonesia's economic sector and allocates jobs for local labor. The ABS plant construction is going to hold for three years in 2022-2025. It is planned to be located in the Tanjung Buton industrial area, Riau, with a capacity of 115.000 tons/year. This capacity is to meet domestic needs and the Asia market. The ABS Emulsion Process consists of 3 stages; polybutadiene synthesis, the grafting polymerization reaction stage, and the product separation stage. The main design of this paper is polymerization reactor (R-102), which is Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) type. The operating conditions in the reactor were 73 oC and 21.67 psi. Economic analysis is also taken into account to determine whether the factory is feasible. From the economic analysis, we obtained a payback period (PBP) of 1 year, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 22.75%, an Return On Investment (ROI) of 49.45%, and a Break-Even Point (BEP) of 51%, based on the feasibility analysis, it shows that the ABS plant project is feasible. Keywords: acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene, economic analysis, plant design