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Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Core Subject : Engineering,
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Articles 3,145 Documents
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Pengolahan Air Gambut Dengan Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus Indica L) Sebagai Biokoagulan Vina Lestari Riyandini; Shinta Elystia; Edward Edward
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Peat water is surface water has a special characteristic, which is lightly browned, pH acidic and contains high organic and do not meet the quality standards of clean water that is PERMENKES No. 416/Menkes /Per/IX/ 1990 and Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001. One of the processing methods are widely applied in water treatment peat ie coagulation-flocculation. The use of natural coagulants such as tamarind seeds can be used as a substitute for synthetic coagulant. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the mass and the particle size of tamarind seeds as coagulant for organic matter and COD, variations in the mass of peat water with tamarind seeds of 0.0025, 0.005, 0.0075, 0.01 and 0.0125 g / m3 and variations in particle size of 100, 170 and 200 mesh. Rapid stirring speed of 100 rpm for 4 minutes and stirring slow 40 rpm for 12 minutes. The results showed maximum efficiency on a mass of 2.5 g with 200 mesh tamarind seeds can decrease up to organic matter 76%, and COD 90%,. ANOVA test with SPSS shows that the mass of tamarind seeds and tamarind seeds particle size influence on organic matter and COD so that tamarind seeds can be used as a natural biokoagulan.  Keywords: Water Peat, Tamarind Seed, Coagulation Flocculation
Pengaruh laju Pembebanan Organik Terhadap Efisiensi Penyisihan COD Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Bioeraktor Hibrid Anaerob Dua Tahap Musfa, Nopi Andri; Ahmad, Adrianto; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The development of palm oil factories in the last few years the rapid growth experienced and gived the impact of positive and negative impact for the community. One of the positive impact is increasing foreign exchange and community welfare state, while the negative impact that is causing waste could reduce the quality of the environment. Characteristic of COD in the liquid waste of plant crude palm is 60.000 mg/l. The value of COD for is a measure of water pollution of organic substances naturally cannot be degradation with microbiologists process and may also result in reduced oxygen dissolved in water. COD handling of liquid waste from factories crude palm oil can be done in anaerobic two stages bioreactor hybrid use anaerobic. This research purposed to determine the effect of organic loading rate for efficiency of COD removal and determine the optimal organic loading rate for efficiency of COD removal on liquid waste oil palm treatment with using anaerobic bioreactor hybrids two stages. Operating conditions on this research that using room temperature, each bioreactor volume by 10 liters and feet flow rate in bioreactor I is 5 liters per day with organic loading rate by 30 kg COD/m3day. The result showed that an COD removal with varying the organic loading rate of 8,568 kgCOD/m3day, 12 kgCOD/m3day and 19,8 kgCOD/m3day, this result obtained the highest efficiency COD removal in the organic loading rate is 8,568 kgCOD/m3day with the equal is 93,06 %. This indicates that bioreactor anaerobic hybrid two stages are relatively better for COD removal from the liquid waste content of crude palm oil.   Keywords: Anaerobic, COD, Liquid Waste of Crude Palm Oil, Two-Stage Anaerobic Bioreactor Hybrid  
Studi Pemnfaatan Lumpur, Abu Boiler, Dan Serat (Fiber) Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Kompos Menggunakan Variasi Effective Microorganisme (EM-4) Gunadi Priyambada; Elvi Yenie; Ivnaini Andesgur
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The process of palm oil mill wastewater treatment produced by-product as sludge. Sludge generated made a problem for environment and for industry when no handling and processing of the sludge. The purpose of this research is to reduce the pollution of palm oil mill wastewater by composting method with sludge, boiler ash and fiber (fiber) material of palm oil. Sludge mixed with boiler ash, fiber, and domestic wastethen added activator EM-4. Thisstudy used variety of activators EM-4  for 0,5%, 0,7%, 0,9% and control as comparator to optimize the composting process. The result showed that the compost with activator EM-4 for 0,7% likely matured faster because C/N ratio was suitable of SNI 19-7030-2004 and did not shows  significant differences. Compost matured in the 21th day  with result (C-org 27.22; Ratio of C/N  = 10.76;). Based on these results, palm oil sludge can be used as compost by using activators EM-4.  Keywords : activators EM-4, boiler ash, compost,  fiber, palm oil sludge
Pemanfaatan Tanah Lempung Untuk Menurunkan Konsentrasi Logam Pb Dan Cr Dari Limbah Cair Industri Percetakan Koran Regina Giantika; Shinta Elystia; Zultiniar Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Characteristic of newspaper printing industry waste water has never been tested before, because there is still no waste water monitoring in an integerated way. This research utilizing clay to reduce heavy metal content of Cr contained in the waste water of newspaper printing industry. Preliminary analysis for Cr in waste water showed concentrations of these parameters exceed waste water quality standards of PERMENLH/5/2014. This study uses an ion exchange column with 5 cm diameter and 80 cm of height. The medium used is liquid waste newspaper printing and activated clay with a solution of H2SO4 2 M. The variation used is the calcination temperature is 200, 300, 400, and 500◦C and flow rate used is 2,7; 4; dan 5,3 ml/dt. The initial concentration Cr6+ ion is 0.838 mg/L. After processing the decline occurred in the ion concentration Cr6+ in every variation that is 0.334 to 0.582 mg/L. These results indicate that ion exchange method using activated clays are capable of removing concentration Cr6+ ion on wastewater printing. Overall, the variety used in this study to give effect to decreased levels of chromium and Lead in wastewater printing, also evidenced in Cr6+ ion removal efficiency ranged between 60.2% - 30.6%. KTK value of the clay is greater than the value of KA clay. Proving that the clays have a greater ability as compared to the ion exchange resin as an adsorbent.  Keywords: printing waste water, ion exchange, activated clay, temperature calcination and flow rate, KTK and KA.
Simulasi Penanganan Potensi Aliran Debris Gunung Sago Di Batang Tampo Kabupaten Tanah Datar, Sumatera Barat Mairiza Mairiza; Sigit Sutikno; Rinaldi Rinaldi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
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Abstract

Debris flow is the flow of mixture of water (from rain or other) with a high concentration of sediments slide down through the high slopes. Often, this flow carry large rocks and tree trunks, sliding down at high speed with great destructive force capabilities against anything in its path such as building houses or other facilities that threaten human life. Debris flow is not directly associated with volcanic eruptions, but can occur in volcanic regions and non-volcanic. Kanako 2D version 2.043 is a simulation software that is used as a tool to verify the effects of erosion control by sabo dam in the process of sediment transport during the debris flow. By using the tool, it can be estimated the occurrence of debris flows on the slopes of Mount Sago with simulation. Keyword : Debris flow, Kanako 2D, Sabo dam
Simulasi Penanganan Potensi Aliran Debris Di Gunung Sago (Studi Kasus Di Batang Lakin, Kecamatan Lareh Sago Halaban, Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota) Hadthya, Reinhart '; Sutikno, Sigit; Sujatmoko, Bambang '
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
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Abstract

The regions in foothills of Sago mountain are flood-prone area due to debris flow. As occurred on March 22, 2010, there has been a catastrophic overflow of debris flow from Sago mountain. The disaster resulted in severe damage around the rivers downstream Sago mountains, including Batang Lakin river. This research study debris flow potential and how to mitigate it in Batang Lakin river, West Sumatra. Analysis of potential debris flow hazard of Batang Lakin river and alternative debris mitigation is simulated using the debris flow simulator Kanako 2D version 2.051. Simulation is important for verifying effect of controlling  flow of debris prior to construction work carried out. Rain  data input was calculated based on fifty years time period and one hundred years time period  Research findings show that at Batang Lakin river, debris flow occurred and overflowing river channel. Alternative countermeasure chosen is sabo dam. For fifty years period when debris flow peak discharge of 59.50 m3/second required 2 units of sabo dams (closed type) with positions at Sta 0 +200 (Sabo height 6 m) and at Sta 0 +450 (Sabo height 4 m). For one hundred years period when debris flow peak discharge of 62.66 m3/second required 2 units of sabo dams (closed type) with positions at Sta 0 +200 (Sabo height 6 m) and at Sta 0 +450 (Sabo height 5 m) to prevent overflow of debris flow to the settlement. Thus, the right efforts to control debris flow on Batang Lakin is the sabo dam.  Keyword : debris flow, effective prevention, Sago mountain, sabo dam.
Pola Gerusan Lokal Pada Model Pilar Jembatan Lingkaran Ganda (Double Circular) M Tony Iskandar; Mudjiatko Mudjiatko; Trimaijon Trimaijon
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 2 (2014): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2014
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Abstract

Pillar of the bridge on the stream causes changes flow patterns and local scour. Local scour will decrease the power of pillar to sustaining bridge load. Laboratory model was conducted to determine the model of local scour phenomena double circular pillar with or without protector curtain type. Basic canal model is using kampar sand with grain size d35 = 0,285 mm, d50 = 0,330 mm and d65 = 0,380 mm and spesific weight is 2,64.Froude number that used is Fr1=0,464, Fr2=0,670 and Fr3=0,769. Reynold number Fr1 scored 1658,42 is classified as transitional flow, Fr2 scored 3081,68 and Fr3 scored 4381,19 is classified as turbulent flow. Shield shows the use of gradation in moving zone. Hydrodynamic flow in pillar causes down flow that showed by scour in upstream pillar. Scour rech the equilibrium stage at minute 75. The ratio of scour depth ds/b is range from 0,03 – 0,46. The use of swivel can reduce the scours depth until 44,44%. Sediment transport analysis prove that the higher Froude is used the bigger the granules  are transported.  Key word  : scour, model laboratory, double circular, froude, reynold, Shields, hydrodynamic flow, sediment transport .
Uji Toksisitas Akut Limbah Cair Tahu Terhadap Daphnia Magna Dengan Metode Renewal Test Floria Christin; Shinta Elystia; Elvi Yenie
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Tofu is a domestic industry developed rapidly in indonesia. Unfortunately the treatment of wastewater has not been done before the wastewater is thrown away to receiving water bodies. Therefore it is one of the causes of water pollution that effect the death of aquatic biota. Thus it is needed to do acute toxicity test. The goal of the research are to know the value of LC50 and to analyze the relationship of industrial wastewater of tofu UD. Tahu Jaya towards the experimental animal. Acute toxicity test is done by renewal test method in 96 hours using Daphnia Magna. The characteristic consentration of wastewater of tofu UD. Tahu Jaya is COD 4750 mg/l, TSS 2100 mg/l, ammonia 5,29 mg/l, pH 3 and temperature 33°C. Based on the result of analysis characteristics of tofu wastewater, it is known that the parameters of COD, TSS, ammonia, pass the quality standart of the rules of Enviromental Ministry No. 15 Year 2008 about the Quality Standart of Waste Water for Industry and Soybean Processing Activity. The value of LC50 is 6,509% and TUa (Toxicity Unit Area) of tofu industrial wastewater is 15,36 showed that the wastewater of tofu is very cause acute toxicity.Keywords: daphnia magna, LC50-96 hours, renewal test, tofu wastewater
Penentuan Suhu Dan Waktu Optimum Pada Tahap D0 (Delignifikasi Pertama) Proses Bleaching Pembuatan Pulp Silaban, Kardiman; Chairul, Chairul; Sembiring, Maria Peratenta
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Abstract

PT. Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper (RAPP) is a company has produced pulp and paper with Elemental Clorine Free (ECF) system in bleaching pulp stage. PT. RAPP used four process bleaching stage of pulp that’s D0 – EP - D1 – D2. Using clorine dioxide (ClO2) as bleaching pruff but EP stage were lignin extract process using oxygen and sodium dioxide (NaOH). One of the important thing in bleaching pulp is D0 stage process. For producing high quality pulp, one of important pruff must be recheck is temperature and time of bleaching pulp. The purpose of research was knowing effect of temperature in cooking timeof the first bleaching pulp stage process with accasia to quality pulp and economic value. Result of research to be used with get variation bleaching time 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 and 120 minutes and get variation bleaching temperature 65, 75, 80, and 90 (0C). in 650C and 60 minutes brightness was produced higher than else that is 66.42% ISO.
Penggunaan Zeolit Alam Teraktivasi Sebagai Katalis Pada Proses Esterifikasi Gliserol Dari Produk Samping Biodiesel Menjadi Triacetin Dwi Yuni Ernawati; Zuchra Helwani; Silvia Reni Yenti
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Abstract

Glycerol is a byproduct of biodiesel production by transesterification process which generated approximately 10% of the total production of biodiesel. Increasing the amount of glycerol is not accompanied by glycerol treatment process itself. Hence the need for the processing of glycerol into other materials or products that are more economic value. One of them with the process into triacetin. Triacetin can be produced from the reaction of glycerol and acetic acid using an acidic catalyst. Triacetin usefulness pretty much both for food and non-food. The objective of this study was to study the effect of ratio of reactant and consentration of catalyst on glycerol conversion on triacetin. This research was conducted with the reactants ratio 1: 3; 1: 5 and 1: 7, catalyst concentration of 2%, 4%, and 6% of the weight of acetic acid, reaction temperature of 100 °C and reaction time of 4 hours. From the analysis of the results showed that the increase in ratio of esterification of the reactants and catalyst concentration affect the conversion of glycerol into triacetin. The optimal reaction conditions on the reactant ratio of 1: 7 and the concentration of catalyst 4% of the weight of acetic acid with 82.89% conversion rate.Kata kunci: asam asetat, gliserol, optimum, reaktan, triacetin.

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