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INDONESIA
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
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Articles 334 Documents
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The Correlation between Glycemic Control (HbA1c) and Nephropathy Diabetic among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta Lirani, Emma Ayu; Ariningrum, Dian; Sari, Yulia
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Nephropathy diabetic is the one of the most serious long-term complications of diabetes mellitus which could lead to end stage renal disease. One of the factors that influences nephropathy diabetic is glycemic control that can be monitored trough HbA1c level. The uncontrolled HbA1c level can causes an increasing of end glycation product which could lead to glomerular injury in type 2 diabetic patients. This study aimed to determine whether there is correlation between glycemic control (HbA1c) and nephropathy diabetic among type 2 diabetic patients in Dr.Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta.   Methods: This study is an observational analytic with case control approach. Subjects in this study are type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with nephropathy diabetic and without nephropathy diabetic in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta. Data of HbA1c level of subjects in this study were collected from medical records. Sampling was done by purposive sampling with 40 patients as the case and 40 patients as the control. The data were analyzed using chi square test and logistic regression. Result: There is no significant correlation between control glycemic (HbA1c) with nephropathy diabetic with p-value = 0.528 (OR =1.378; CI 95% 0.509-3.727).  Multivariate analysis shows that hypertension is the most influenced risk factor (OR = 4.255; CI 95% 1.538-11.437; p = 0.004) followed by duration of diabetes (OR = 3.432; CI 95% 1.254-9.397; p = 0.016, meanwhile dyslipidemia has no significant correlation with nephropathy diabetic (OR = 0.925; CI 95% 0.259-3.303; p = 0.904). Conclution: There is no significant correlation between control glycemic (HbA1c) with nephropathy diabetic in diabetes mellitus type 2 in General Hospital Moewardi Surakarta. Keywords: Glycemic Control (HbA1c), Nephropathy Diabetic, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 
The Comparation Between Quality of Life of Patient with Uterine Prolapse which Choose Operative Therapy and Conservative Therapy at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta PRANABAKTI, ROSITA ALIFA
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: Uterine prolapse is one of pelvic organ prolapse and become the number two most common cases after sistourethrokel . Epidemiology cases of uterine prolapse in Indonesia showed that uterine prolapse more common in patients grande multipara in menopause, rarely occurs in women nullipara . Over the past decade , the evaluation of pelvic organ prolapse in relation to health , using a comprehensive approach or overall. Instruments developed in this evaluation is the Prolapse Quality of Life Questionnaire (P-QOL). Differences in the treatment of uterine prolapse cases will certainly lead to different perceptions of individuals on their quality of life as measured using a P - QOL. The purpose of this study was to compare the quality of life of uterine prolapse surgery with conservative conducted in hospitals DR . Moewardi Surakarta . Methods: This study was observational analytic with cross sectional method . Samples were examined as many as 31 patients with uterine prolapse who were divided into 2 groups: 15 patients as operative group and 16 patients as conservative groups . Samples taken by accidental sampling . Samples were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Once approved informed consent, were interviewed using P - QOL questionnaire. The variables studied were the quality of life of patients in accordance with the chosen therapy . Data were analyzed using an unpaired t test Results: Obtained P values ​​of 0.001 less than 0.05 . Meanwhile for the t table , look at the table t distribution with α = 5 % : 2 = 2.5% with degrees of freedom ( df ) n - 2 or 31-2 = 29. By testing two sides ( significance = 0.025 ) results obtained for t table of 2.04. As for t obtained amounted to 3,81. Calculated t > t table ( 3.81 > 2.04 ) and P value ( 0.001 < 0.05), then Ho is rejected and H1 accepted, meaning that there are differences in the quality of life of patients with uterine prolapse between operative group with conservative groups . Conclusions: There are differences in the quality of life of patients with uterine prolapse surgery with conservative conducted at Hospital Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Keywords: Uterine prolapse, quality of life, surgical, conservative.
Profile Comparison of Patients with Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus on Pus Specimen at Dr. Moewardi Hospital MAHARANI, AMANDA DIAH; ., Marwoto; Nefihancoro, Udi Heru
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus were some of bacteria that often found in pus specimen. Unlike S. aureus, which is true pathogen, S. haemolyticus which is known by opportunistic bacteria were not considered as caused of infection. Therefore, the need of comparative data that can determine whether S. haemolyticus were cause of infection or just colonization was necessary. The purpose of this research is to compare clinical profile of patients’ with S. aureus and S. haemolyticus found in pus specimen. Methods: This study was a descriptive research using cross-sectional approach. The object of the research were patients’ medical records which have been identified by pus culture with positive result of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus on 2013-2014. Sampling was held during November and December 2015 at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta with inclusion and exclusion criterias. Sampling was done and 69 people taken from the population. The data was statically analyzed by frequency distributive technique. Result: In 2 years, it is found that patients with Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus are dominantly by men. Most of patients are adult (19-65 years old). Body temperature of patients with Staphylococcus aureus risk 2,04 times of increasing than patients with Staphylococcus haemolyticus. Conclusions: There are differences in clinical profile of patient with Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus on pus specimen at Dr. Moewardi Hospital. Keywords: Pus Specimen, Pus Culture, Staphylococcus aureus,  Staphylococcus haemolyticus
Profile of Patient with Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Escherichia coli Bacteria on Urine Specimen at Dr. Moewardi Hospital ., Kumala; Saptawati, Leli; Susilo, R Satriyo Budhi
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is the most common disease worldwide. Escherichia coli is a bacterial pathogen that causes most UTIs while Staphylococcus haemolyticus is an opportunistic bacterium that can cause a UTI which is actually a normal flora on human skin. This study aimed to determine the profile of patients who are exposed to the bacteria S. haemolyticus and E. coli in urine specimens. Methods: This study was a descriptive research using clinical epidemiology approach. The object of the research was patients’ medical records which have been identified by urine culture with positive result of S. haemolyticus and E. coli on 2014. Sampling was held during December 2015 at Dr. Moewardi Hospital. Sampling was done and 88 people taken from the population. The data was statically analyzed with frequency distributive technique and odds ratio.   Results: Descriptive analysis using frequency distribution and odds ratio showed male patients are more than the female patients. These two bacteria show of most age category are adults. While the vital sign shows patients with S. haemolyticus body temperature is lower than E. coli. In the blood count result, white blood count of patients with E. coli has a higher mean than the variable numbers of leukocytes on patients with S. haemolyticus.   Conclusions: There are differences between the profile of patients who are exposed to E. coli and S. haemolyticus. On vital signs and the white blood count’s results, patients with E. coli was higher than patients with S. haemolyticus. Keywords: Urinary Tract Infection, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Escherichia coli 
The Difference of Intraocular Pressure between Schiotz Tonometer and Non Contact Tonometer in Surakarta Nadiawati, Rizky Hanifah; ., Kurnia Rosyida; ., Lukman Aryoseto
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Rizky Hanifah Nadiawati, G0012192, 2015. The Difference of Intraocular Pressure between Schiotz Tonometer and Non Contact Tonometer in Surakarta. Mini Thesis. Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. Introduction: Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the pressure inside the eyeball measured by tonometer. There is a lot kinds of tonometer, two of them are schiotz tonometer and non contact tonometer (NCT). This study aims to determine difference of IOP level measured by schiotz tonometer and non contact tonometer. Methods: This study was an observational analytic research with cross sectional approach. This study was conducted on November 2015 at Solo Eye Center Surakarta. The sample was collected by using consecutive sampling. Subjects were patient aged >20 years old. Dependent variable was IOP. Independent variable were schiotz tonometer results and NCT results. Data was collected by IOP measurement with both tonometers. The analysis technique used in this study were Mann Whitney and Kappa test . Results: The mean age of subjects was 31.84 ± 17.05(mean ± SD) years. This study showed a mean of the difference of IOP level between schiotz tonometer and NCT, with p value was p=0.002 for IOP measurement of right eye and p<0.001 for IOP measurement of left eye. The mean of IOP levels as taken by schiotz tonometer were 16.95 ± 3.64 (mean ± SD) and 19.68 ± 5.34. The mean of IOP levels as taken by NCT were 12.95 ±3.04 and 13.08 ± 2.52. Kappa test showed a less than chance agreement result between the two tonometers (ĸ = -0.050). Conclusions: There was a significant difference between IOP level measured by schiotz tonometer and non contact tonometer.   Keywords: intraocular pressure, schiotz tonometer, non contact tonometer 
The Correlation between Diabetes Mellitus and Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly in Surakarta Brilliandi, Immanuel Billy; Danuaji, Rivan; Murti, Bhisma
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: Mild cognitive impairment one of DM’ complication. The main factor leading to mild cognitive impairment is the alteration of the white matter of the brain. Impaired cognitive patients with DM causing great suffering for the patient themselves, their families, and their surrounding neighborhood and environment.  The main objective of the study is to determine the correlation between DM and mild cognitive impairment in the elderly in Surakarta. Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with cross-sectional approach. The study was held in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital of Surakarta and Puskesmas Ngoresan. The independent variable was DM and the dependent one was mild cognitive impairment. The result of the study was analyzed by chi-square test and multiple logistic regression test. Result: The subjects were divided into two groups, the first one was a group of 22 people with DM and the other consisted of 23 people without DM. The subjects were directly asked to fill up the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Indonesian version (MOCA-Ina) for the assessment of their cognitive function. The result of Chi-square test showed that DM and years of education were the variables which had the correlation with mild cognitive impairment (p= 0,003 and p= 0,020). The result of multiple logistic regression test showed that diabetes mellitus was the only one factor which had the correlation with mild cognitive impairment statistically (OR=5,489; CI 95%= 1,438 – 20,949; p= 0,013). Conclusions: There was a positive correlation between DM and mild cognitive impairment in the elderly in Surakarta. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, mild cognitive impairment, neurobehavior, MOCA-Ina, elderly. 
The relations between delay in diagnosis in the case of patienss Pulmonary Tuberculosis with distance from home and employment of patients in Health Reference Fascility (BBKPM) Surakarta YASIN, LES; ., Reviono; Novierta, Riza
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 5, No 2 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background : Tuberculosis (TB) is the second major leading cause of death worldwide due to infectious diseases, with the incidence and prevalence of cases is still high in some countries in the world, and Indonesia is included. Early diagnosis is the key of the program to control the new cases of pulmonary TB. Delays in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis patients remains a problem that is caused by many factors including the distance from home and employment status as the risk factor. This study aims to determine the relationship between delay in  diagnosis in the case of patients pulmonary TB with a distance from home and employment status in BBKPM Surakarta. Methods This study was observational analytic study approach cross-sectional are held on October to December 2015 in Balai Besar Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat (BBKPM) Surakarta.Total of 66 subjects were selected by consecutive sampling method. New cases of pulmonary TB patients in BBKPM Surakarta was collected by direct interview and using questionare about the delay, distance from home and employment status. Data was analyzed by using multiple chi-square models and processed with Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) 20.00 for Windows. Results: The total 66 samples, obtained samples with 45 people working status and  the samples do not work amounted to 21 people. Samples with that far distance from  home  as many as 38 people and the sample of distance closely from home to medical care as many as 28 people. Samples were late with number 34 and do not experience delays amount to 32 people. Distance from  home much influence on the occurrence of patient delay. Patients with far distance from  home visiting for the first time to a health facility more slower than those with distance  closely from home (p = 0,808). Effect on the employment status of the patients delay. Patient with status  working visit for the first time to health facilities more  slower than the patients with status do not work (p = 0,297). Conclusion: There is a moderate correlation between the delay in  diagnosis in the cases of patients pulmonary Tuberculosis with distance from home and employment of Patients in BBKPM  Surakarta, but the result were not statistically significant. Keywords: distance from home, employment status, the patient delays 
A Comparison of Recovery Times Using Aldrete Score Between General Anesthesia Propofol and Ketamine Dewi, Putu Ayu Apriliani Trisna; Suprapromo, R.Th; Probandari, Ari Natalia
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 5, No 2 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Intravenous anesthesia is an anesthetic agent that is administered intravenously, the advantages of using intravenous anesthetic agent is more convenient for patients and a short onset duration and recovery time. Propofol and ketamine are two intravenous anesthetic agent that is often used as an anesthetic induction or as the induction and maintenance of anesthesia in shor time surgical. After surgical procedure, patient must be kept under clinical observation at all times in a recovery facility until patient have reached normal level of consciousness. Level of consciousness after surgary can be measured by using Aldrete score that includes skin tone, respiration, circulation, level of consciousness and motor activity. The time required to recover fully normally ≤ 15 minutes. The objective of this study was to determine and to compare the recovery state between usage of general anesthesia propofol and ketamin. Methods: An analytical observational cross sectional study was conducted with both general anesthetics propofol and ketamin as independent variable and recovery state as dependent variable. Subjects recruited for this study were patients who underwent curatage surgery under intravenous anesthetics at Dr. Moewardi Regional General Hospital, Regional General Hospital of Ngipang, and Amanah Ibu Mother and Children Hospital. Subjects were selected using consecutive sampling technique. For the purpose of this study, recovery characteristics were measured using Aldrete score and were obtained after transported to a recovery room. Total subjects were 72, which were 36 subjects as propofol group and 36 subject as ketamin group. Statistical analyses were assessed by Chi square test using IBM SPSS 22.0. Results: This study found that 94,4% patients receiving propofol gained full recovery and 63,9% patients receiving ketamin gained full recovery as well. The statistical results stated that the p value is 0.001 (<0.05). Hence, statistically  there was a significant difference between usage of general anesthesia propofol and ketamin. Conclusions: These findings statistically significant difference between usage of general anesthesia propofol and ketamin Keywords: aldrete score, recovery times, propofol, ketamin 
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OBESITY WITH RISK INCIDENT OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA Fakhruddin, Helmi; Aphridasari, Jatu; Hastuti, Heni
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 5, No 2 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction : The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between obesity and risk incident of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). This research was conducted at the Medical Faculty Sebelas Maret University of Surakarta from October 2015 to November 2015. Methods : This research was an analytical research using cross sectional approach. The size of population was 200 while the size of sample was 100 people. The sampling techniques used  purposive random sampling. The data were obtained by questionnaire, research instrument with a guided interview technique using weighting machine, and microtoise. The obtained data were presented in tabular form and analyzed using the Chi Square Test at the level of significance α = 0,05. Results : From the result of research conducted in the Medical Faculty of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta from October 2015 to November 2015, it was obtained that subjects with obesity who had high risk of OSA was 29 people (78%). This number was more than the number of subjects with obesity who had low risk of OSA of 21 people (33%) from the total of 50 subjects with obesity. While the number of subjects who didn’t have obesity with high risk of OSA was 8 people (22%).  This number was fewer than the number of subjects who didn’t have obesity with low risk of OSA of 42 people (67%).  The results of data analysis obtained X2= 18,198 and OR= 7,25; so that it could be concluded statistically, that there was a relationship between obesity and risk incident of OSA. Conclusions : The conclusion from this research was there was relationship between obesity and risk incident of  OSA. Keyword: Obesity  –  Obstructive pulmonary disease  – Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
The Difference of Intraocular Pressure (IOP) between Myopic Eyes and Emmetropic Eyes in Medical Students of Sebelas Maret University Kumalasari, Putri Nur; Kuntoyo, Raharjo; Widardo, .
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 5, No 2 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Introduction: Intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor of glaucoma. Prevalence of glaucoma increases in myopic eyes than in emmetropic eyes. There was a hypothesis that the relationship between glaucoma and myopia might be mediated by intraocular pressure. This study aims to investigate the difference of intraocular pressure (IOP) between myopic eyes and emmetropic eyes in medical students of  Sebelas Maret University. Methods: This study applied analytical observational method with cross sectional approach. Subject of the research was medical students of Sebelas Maret University batch of 2012. Samples were selected by a screening with inclusion and exclusion criterias and then randomized by simple random sampling technique. The total samples were 76 students. Afterwards, samples were interviewed about last refraction examination history and examined for refraction status through visus examination using snellen optotype so that samples were divided to myopic eyes group and emmetropic eyes group. Then, IOP was evaluated using Non Contact Tonometer (NCT). The data was analyzed with independent t-test which was processed by Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) 20.0 programme for Windows. Results: The mean of IOP in myopic eyes was 17.02 ± 2.69 mmHg in right eyes (OD) and 16.80 ± 2.84 mmHg in left eyes (OS). The mean of IOP in emmetropic eyes was 15.88 ± 2.44 mmHg (OD) and 15,32 ± 2,34 mmHg (OS). The comparative analysis of IOP between myopia and emmetropia showed the value of p = 0.065 (OD) and p = 0.076 (OS). Conclusions: There is no significant difference of IOP between myopic eyes and emmetropic eyes in medical students of Sebelas Maret University. Keywords: Emmetropia, Intraocular Pressure, Medical Student, Myopia. 

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