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INDONESIA
Pelita Perkebunan
Published by Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia
ISSN : 02150212     EISSN : 24069574     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebuna
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Pelita Perkebunan, Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal (CCRJ): ISSN:0215-0212 Since its establishment in 1911, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI) formerly Besoekisch Proefstation, had published its research findings through a journal call Mededelingen van het Besoekisch Proefstation. Between 1948-1981 the research institute was under the supervision of Bogor Research Institute for Estate Crops, and published its research findings through De Bergcultures which was later changed to Menara Perkebunan. Since the institute held the national mandate for coffee and cocoa commodities, and due to rapid increase in the research findings, ICCRI published its first issue of Pelita Perkebunanjournal in April 1985. Pelita Perkebunanis an international journal providing rapid publication of peer-reviewed articles concerned with coffee and cocoa commodities based on the aspects of agronomy, plant breeding, soil science, crop protection, postharvest technology and social economy. Papers dealing with result of original research on the above aspects are welcome, with no page charge. Pelita Perkebunan is managed by Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), which publish the research findings not only for coffee and cocoa but also other commodities relevant with coffee and cocoa, i.e. shade trees, intercrops and wind breakers.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 402 Documents
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Empirical analysis of the best warehousing practices and its impact on cocoa beans quality Ishmael Prah; Peter Dzakah Fanam
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 35 No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v35i3.353

Abstract

The importance of cocoa to the economy of Ghana cannot be overemphasized. For several decades, cocoa has been the backbone of the country's economy and plays a major role in employment, foreign exchange earnings, government revenue, education, and infrastractural development of Ghana. Ghana is the world premier supplier of high quality cocoa and second largest exporter of the commodity. Maintaining this high quality of cocoa beans is important if Ghana is to maintain this status, and in so doing, continue charging a premium price for its cocoa. In this study, four best practices of cocoa warehousing were identified from literature and the impact they have on the quality of cocoa beans was explored in mach detail using data collected from sixty-six district managers and depot keepers of cocoa warehouses in the Agona East and Agona West districts of the Central region of Ghana. A structural equation model was developed and tested to explore this phenomenon and the findings revealed that the four cocoa warehousing best practices - inventory control, warehouse maintainance, warehouse inspection, and records keeping- were significantly positively associated with the quality of cocoa beans. This suggests that all efforts aimed at improving these aspects of cocoa warehousing would reflect positively on the quality of cocoa beans. The study also revealed important challenges to cocoa warehousing in the sampled cocoa warehouses and depots including low capacity of warehouses, poor lighting, poor ventilation, attack by pest and diseases, mishandling, insufficient equipments and facilities, pilferage and damage of cocoa beans, and lack of training for staff and other workers of cocoa warehousing and storage institutions. These challenges threaten to lower the quality of Ghana's cocoa beans. The study recommends that greater investment should be channelled into cocoa warehousing as doing so would address most of the challenges identified. The study also calls for further research into other cocoa warehousing practices not tackled in this study to determine how they impact on the quality of cocoa bean.
Effect of ascorbic acid on chemical content and viability of cocoa seed after storage Willy Daniel Sekewael; Endang Pudjihartati; Teguh Iman Santoso
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 35 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v35i2.354

Abstract

Storage of oily seeds will make the seeds deteriorated, this caused by auto-oxidation. It will changes the biochemical and physiology of the seeds. Application of Antioxidant can prevent the activity of auto-oxidation. This research aimed to study the effect of ascorbic acid to minimize the deterioration by observing the chemical content and viability of Theobroma cacao L. seeds. It was conducted at kaliwining experimental station, Indonesia Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Jember, East Java and at Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Salatiga, Central Java. The research used Completely Randomized Design and T-test analysis. The treatments consisted of four ascorbic acid concentrations, i.e. 0 ppm as control, 250 ppm, 300 ppm, and 350 ppm. The treated cacao seeds were stored on two shelf life i.e. 1 week and 2 weeks. Each treatment was repeated with seven replications. Data analysis used SAS 9.0. The results showed that ascorbic acid application can effect on reducing sugar, protein, lipid, free fatty acid content, and viability of cocoa seeds. Ascorbic acid with concentration of 250 ppm and 300 ppm can maintain cocoa seeds viability until 2 weeks of shelf life.
Characteristics of coffee as a response to different environmental conditions in Lampung: I. Morphological variations Erwin Prastowo; Rina Arimarsetiowati
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 35 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v35i2.357

Abstract

The coffee growth is considered to depend, partly, on the environmental condition at which they develop to accomplish their both vegetative and generative stages. An exploratory survey aimed at investigating the morphological characteristics of 13 Robusta coffee accessions growing on different environmental conditions, i.e. altitudes, slopes, and micro-climates, in Lampung. Local superior coffee clones were selected from 8 farms to evaluate in terms of their yield components and growth characters. Three key issues are considered to observe quantitatively, i.e. plant components of leaves, branches, and fruits. The qualitative characteristics of leaves and cherries, i.e. colour and shape, were also assessed to support the comparative data analysis. The results show a similarity of ca. 60% of total qualitative variable identified among different accessions. The remaining characters are suggested to be more varying such as flush colour, leaf surface, ripe fruit colour, and stipule shape. Furthermore, a quantitative analysis shows a higher level of similarity for fruit characters, i.e. fruit length, fruit width, and fruit thickness, and to a slightly lower level for leaf characteristics, i.e. leaf length and width, and the number of productive branches. Conversely, part of yield component, such as weight of fruits, may be affected by altitude as some accessions, e.g. number 1 and 8, demonstrating a pronounced character in the principal component analysis. The same analysis reveals that some variables, i.e. fruit weight; leaf and seed; and canopy characteristics, explaining the morphological variation of coffee throughout the accessions. Furthermore, cluster analysis may indicate a possible similarity of coffee morphologies either from area with different or the same environmental conditions. Therefore, it can be concluded that environmental condition variation in Lampung may affect to a lesser extent the morphological characters of Robusta coffee.
Infestations Of Two Major Pests Of Cocoa, Conopomorpha Cramerella and Helopeltis Theivora Under Natural Condition Saripah binti Bakar
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 35 No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v35i3.359

Abstract

The Cocoa pod borer (CPB), Conopomorpha cramerella (Snellen) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and Helopeltis theivora (Miller) (Hemiptera: Miridae) are the major pests of cocoa in the South East Asian Region. C. cramerella started to infest cocoa pod which more than 7cm in length, whereas H. theivora started to infest the pod at a very early stage of pod development. The present study aims to determine the relationship and the degree of damage severity of these two significant pests under natural condition. No insecticide spraying was carried out throughout sampling occasions; however, other management practices were implemented. Destructive sampling of fifty cocoa pods at various lengths was carried out at fortnightly basis.Percentage of infestation, number of CPB eggs, entry, and exit holes were recorded for an individual pod. The results obtained denoted that H. theivora begin attacking pods at a young age and the majority of the pods were infested when they reached 8 cm in length. The percentage of damage severity increased as the pod developed. In contrast to H. theivora incidence, the number of C. cramerella eggs were recorded higher when the percentage of H. theivora incidences were low. The highest mean number of C. cramerella eggs were recorded when the pod length is more than 150 mm. Although infestation of the C. cramerella was more serious, management of both pests must be started when the pod length is less than 8 cm. Integrated control approaches must be targeted to both pests at the appropriate time, to reduce significant losses.
Toward a more sustainable coffee production Muhammad Ibnu; Astrid Offermans; Pieter Glasbergen
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 35 No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v35i3.361

Abstract

This paper contributes to the literature on the emerging trend of Southern sustainability standards and certifications as a reaction to the Northern-based private standards by businesses and NGOs. It particularly analyzes the implementation capacity of ISCoffee as a public standard and certification initiated by the Indonesian government. We analyze the opportunities and barriers in the process of implementing ISCoffee and examine whether ISCoffee can become a viable alternative to Northern-based private standards and certification. We first conclude that the implementation capacity of ISCoffee is low, because of weak administrative structures, and communication and coordination deficiencies. Second, we conclude that ISCoffee will unlikely being able to solve smallholder-related problems in the coffee sector such as limited access to market, insufficient capital, and underdeveloped farmer organizations. Finally, we conclude that ISCoffee - on the short term - will not manage to become a viable alternative to Northern-based private standards and certifications.
Effect of Polybag size on growth of dwarf and tall type of Arabica Coffee seedling Abdul Mukti Nur
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (1990)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v6i2.365

Abstract

Penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh ukuran polibag terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kopi Arabika tipe Kate (dwarf) dan jagur (tall) baik di pembibitan maupun setelah dipindah ke lapangan telah dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Kaliwining, Pusat Penelitian Perkebunan Jember. Bibit kepelan kopi Arabika CIFC 520-3 dengan tipe pertumbuhan kate dan BP 429 A yang bertipe jagur dipindah ke dalam 4 macam ukuran polybag yang telah diisi medium campuran tanah, pupuk kandang dan pasir dengan perbandingan 1:1:1. Empat macam ukuran (lay-flat) polibag yang digunakan, yaitu 11 cm x 30 cm, 15 cm x 30 cm, 18 cm x 30 cm, dan 20 cm x 30 cm. Bibit ditanam dengan jarak 25 cm x 25 cm dan diatur menurut rancangan acak lengkap berkelompok dalam 5 ulangan. Tiap ulangan tendiri dari 10 tanaman. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial. Pengamatan pertumbuhan pada fase pembibitan dilakukan pada umur 3 dan 5 bulan, meliputi tinggi bibit, diameter batang, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang primer, dan bahan kering (bio-mass) tanaman. Pemindahan bibit ke lapangan dilakukan pada umur 5 bulan. Bibit ditanam dibawah naungan lamtoro yang sudah berfungsi baik dengan jarak 1,5 m x 1,5 m. Lubang tanam berukuran 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm. Pertumbuhan diamati pada umur 5 bulan setelah pemindahan, meliputi tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, dan jumlah cabang primer. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa sampai dengan umur 5 bulan tidak terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara ukuran polybag dengan tipe pertumbuhan bibit. Pertumbuhan bibit dalam polibag ukuran 15 cm x 30 cm tidak berbeda dengan yang berukuran 20 cm x 30 cm dan secara statistik lebih baik dari pada yang ditumbuhkan pada polybag berukuran 11 cm x 30 cm. Namun, pertumbuhan bibit dalam polibag ukuran 11 cm x 30 cm pada umur 5 bulan di lapangan tidak berbeda dengan ukuran polibag lainnya, menunjukkan bahwa di dataran rendah bibit kopi Arabika yang ditumbuhkan dalam polybag berukuran 11 cm x 30 cm pada umur 5 bulan secara agronomis sudah memenuhi syarat untuk dipindah ke lapangan. Dengan demikian, untuk pembibitan kopi Arabika dapat digunakan polybag ukuran 11 cm x 30 cm atau 15 cm x 30 cm. Pertumbuhan bibit CIFC 520-3 lebih pendek dari pada BP429 A, tetapi memiliki daun dan cabang primer lebih banyak. Sedangkan pertumbuhan diameter batang, akar, dan bahan kering sampai dengan umur 5 bulan tidak berbeda.
A Study on cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) budding V. The influence of rootstocks on scion-yield quality Adi Prawoto
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (1990)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v6i2.366

Abstract

Tulisan ini merupakan kelanjutan hasil penelitian yang telah ditulis sebelumnya. Analisis mutu biji dilaksanakan pada panenan umur 7 tahun. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa batang bawah kakao tidak berpengaruh nyata pada mutu fisik maupun mutu kimiawi hasil biji batang atas. Akan tetapi ada petunjuk bahwa batang bawah sedikit memodifikasi harkat mutu tersebut lewat perubahan vigor. Ada kemungkinan mutu hasil akan terpengaruh jika dipakai batang bawah yang lebih jauh hubungan kekerabatannya. Berkaitan dengan hal itu maka kakao yang bermutu tinggi dapat dihasilkan dari lingkungan yang bermasalah dengan cara okulasi asalkan tersedia batang bawah yang toleran kondisi tersebut.
Preliminary research of the effect of shading and pruning on cocoa production Sri Winarsih
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (1990)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v6i2.367

Abstract

Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat naungan dan frekuensi pemangkasan pada kakao telah dilakukan di Perkebunan Jatirono PTP XXVI. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanaman kakao umur 9 tahun. Jarak tanam 3 x 3 m. Perlakuan merupakan kombinasi antara jumlah populasi penaung dengan frekuensi pemangkasan. Empat tingkat kerapatan penaung masing-masing 0 pohon/ha (tanpa naungan), 69 pohon/ha (Jarak tanam 12 X 12 m), 138 pohon/ha (jarak tanam 6 X 12 m), 277 pohon/ha (jarak tanam 6 X 6m). Frekuensi pemangkasan ada 3, yaitu : setiap bulan, setiap dua bulan dan setiap 3 bulan, sehingga keseluruhan terdapat 12 kombinasi perlakuan. Hasil penelitian sampai dengan tahun ketiga setelah perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa naungan berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya hasil pada pengamatan tahun pertama, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata pada pengamatan tahun kedua dan ketiga. Terdapat kecenderungan bahwa jarak tanam penaung 6 X 6 m memberikan pengaruh paling baik dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Dibandingkan dengan jarak tanam 12 X 12 m, kenaikan daya hasil mencapai 14,36 dan 38% untuk tiga tahun pengamatan. Untuk perlakuan pemangkasan, sampai dengan tahun ketiga pengamatan belum menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata. Tanaman kakao yang tidak dinaungi pada awal pengamatan mempunyai Indeks Luas Daun (ILD) paling tinggi. Nilai tersebut menurun pada pengamatan tahun berikutnya karena adanya serangan Colletotrichum.
An Inventory of bryophte dsitribution on cocoa estates in Indoensia Zaenudin Zaenudin
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (1990)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v6i2.368

Abstract

Untuk mengetahui sejauh mana permasalahan lumut pada perkebunan kakao di Indonesia, telah dilakukan surval melalui daftar isian yang dikirim ke perusahaan-perusahaan milik negara. Survai dimaksudkan untuk menghimpun masukan tentang intensitas pertumbuhan dan sebaran lumut pada kakao di berbagai wilayah serta menghimpun pendapat para pekebun terhadap permasalahan lumut tersebut. Dari jawaban yang masuk, ternyata 81,11% diantaranya menyatakan ada masalah lumut, baik pada kebun yang telah berumur lebih dari 10 tahun maupun yang kurang dari 10 tahun. Kebun-kebun yang menghadapi masalah lumut berasal dari Jawa Timur, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah dan Sumatera Utara. Sebagian besar jawaban masuk (83.3%) menyatakan bahwa lumut merugikan terhadap tanaman kakao, antara lain karena menutup bantalan bunga dan membantu perkembangan penyakit. Meskipun demikian hanya 60% jawaban yang menyatakan pernah melakukan pengendalian lumut dan 90% diantaranya menyatakan masih mengalami kesulitan.
Turning design optimation for bulk cocoa fermentation process Yusianto Yusianto
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (1990)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v6i2.369

Abstract

Pengadukan selama fermentasi diperlukan untuk sarana aerasi, mencegah pertumbuhan jamur dan meratakan proses fermentasi. Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwa 1, 2, 3, atau 4 kali pengadukan menghasilkan mutu biji kakao yang tidak berbeda nyata. Namun demikian, setelah dipertimbangkan dari beberapa aspek maka disimpulkan bahwa sekali pengadukan setelah 2 hari atau 3 hari fermentasi adalah yang terbaik dan efisien.

Page 26 of 41 | Total Record : 402

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