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Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner

JITV
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 08537380 EISSN : 2252696X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

Aims JITV (Jurnal Ilmu ternak dan Veteriner) or Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (IJAVS) aims to publish original research results and reviews on farm tropical animals such as cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, poultry, as well as non domesticated Indonesian endemic animals, such as deers, anoa, babirusa, etc. Scope Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences . The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of animal science and veterinary

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi

Articles 1,756 Documents

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Characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis isolat from several areas in Java and South Sulawesi for biological control of myasis, Chrysomya bezziana Muharsini, S; Wardhana, April H; Rijzaani, H; Amirhusein, B
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Bacillus thuringiensis is a species of bacteria which has potential use for biological control of parasite. The aim of the study is to characterize the local isolate of B. thuringiensis using PCR technique. Primer of cry gen was used in the study. Two hundred and twenty seven soil samples were collected from several areas in Java Island and South Sulawesi Province. Samples were obtained from surrounding soils of animal housing and paddocks. Samples were inoculated in Nutrient Agar and the suspect of bacilli were then cultured in Luria Bertani acetic buffer. Seventy-three pure isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis were obtained. Thirty-five isolates from Bogor, Yogyakarta and Majalengka regencies were amplified using PCR and consisted of a B. thuringiensis sporulation gene which has a 850 bp band in an agarose gel. Amplification using cryIVA,B primers demonstrated four isolates contain a faint band of 800 bp and 12 isolates consist of a distinctive band of 300-400 bp. The results showed that several B. thuringiensis isolates containing a cry IV gen and those isolates are needed to be tested as a biological control agent for Chrysomya bezziana. Key words: Bacillus thuringiensis, Chrysomya bezziana, biological control, cry IV gen

Reliable preservation methods of mitochondrial DNA analysis for larvae and adult flies of Chrysomya bezziana (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Wardhana, April H; Muharsini, S; ., Suhardono
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The Old World Screwworm fly, Chrysomya bezziana is known as a myiasis agent in Indonesia. The aim of the study is to establish a reliable preservation methods for molecular analysis of insect. Cytochrom b (CB) and Cytochrome Oxidase sub unit I (COI) of mitochondrial DNA were used as markers. Drying method was used to preserve adult flies, while the larvae were kept in 10% formalin and 80% ethanol with or without soaked using hot water prior preservation. Two samples of each preservation were tested. Four primers were used to amplify samples using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The PCR product were then purified and sequenced. Sequence data analysis of all samples suggested no differences between all preservation methods except using 10% formalin. Preservation samples using 10% formalin is not suitable for collecting mitochondrial DNA of insect. The best methods was using 80% ethanol with killed using hot water prior preservation. This method was able to extract a stabile mitochondrial DNA. Â Key words: Chrysomya bezziana, preservation, formalin, ethanol, mitochondrial DNA

Eating behavior of Ongole crossbred and Limousin crossbred steers fed fermented rice straw and concentrate Purnomoadi, Agung; Bela, Agustina Wonga; Dartosukarno, Sularno
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

A study on eating behavior of Ongole Crossbred (OC) and Limousin Crossbred (LC) steers (aged 9 months) fed fermented rice straw and concentrate has been carried out. Rice straw and concentrate were given in 60:40 ratio. Rice straw was fermented by commercial starter (BioP 2000 Z), while concentrate was composed of commercial concentrate and soybean pulp (by-product of soy-sauce industry). The diet was set to meet the dry matter (DM) requirement at 3.0% of liveweight. Eating behaviour was measured from 3 days continuously observation. Chewing number was accounted by halter equipped with tape-switch in jaw side and was recorded every 1/10 second in connected PC. The results showed that DMI of both OC (3.21 kg) and LC (4.18 kg) was similar, being 2.8% LW. However, chewing number of OC (133808 chews/d) was higher than that of LC (106353 chews/d). Chewing for eating and for rumination in OC (86995 and 46813 chews) was higher than of LC (67628 and 38725 chews). Chewing efficiency for eating in OC (0.041 g DMI/chew) was lower than that of LC (0.066 g DMI/chew). Similar tendency was observed in chewing efficiency for rumination that OC (0.080 g DMI/chew) was lower than that of LC (0.109 g DMI/chew). The conclusion is LC has a better chewing efficiency than of OC and it was pointed to different jaw size between OC and LC. Â Key words: Chewing, Ongole, Limousin

Effectivity of Aloe vera bioactives as feed additive for broilers reared on deep litter Sinurat, A.P; Purwadaria, T; Pasaribu, T; Rakhmani, W; Dharma, J; Rosida, J; Sitompul, S; ., Udjianto
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

There are plenty of Indonesian plants contain usefull bioactive components. One of them is Aloe vera. Previous experiment showed that Aloe vera bioactives reduced aerob bacteria in the intestinal and improved feed efficiency in broilers reared in cages. The results however, gave some variations, may be due to variation in rearing the chickens. Two experiments were carried out to study the effectivity of Aloe vera bioactives as feed additives for broilers reared on deep litter. In the first study, six experimental diets in mash form were formulated, i.e.: Control (K); K + antibiotic; K + 0.50 g/kg dry Aloe vera (LBK); K + 1.00 g/kg LBK; K + anthraquinone; K + Aloe vera in semi-liquid form. The amount of semi liquid Aloe vera and the anthraquinone were equally to 1.00 g LBK/kg. Results showed that antibiotic improved body weight gain 6.10% and feed efficiency 5.50% better than the control, although statistically not significant (P>0.05). Aloe vera bioactives in low doses (0.50 g/kg) also improved weight gain (6.30%) and feed efficiency (5.20%) similar to the antibiotic. However, Aloe vera in high doses and anthraquinone (equal to 1.00 g/kg diet) did not improve performance of broilers. There were no significant changes on carcass yield, abdominal fat levels, weight of liver, gizard and gastro intestinal tract due to any feed additives tested. The second experiment were carried out to study the effectivity of feed additives when included in crumble diets. Six experimental diets, i.e.: Control (K), K + antibiotic, K + Semi-liquid Aloe vera (equal to 1.00g dry Aloe vera/kg), K + 0.50 g dry Aloe vera/kg, K + 1.00 g dry Aloe vera/kg, K + 0.50 g dry Aloe vera + 0.50 g Curcuma xanthorrhiza meal/kg. All diets were fed in crumble form. Results showed that chickens fed with feed additives (antibiotic or Aloe vera bioactives) have a significantly (P<0.05) higher body weight gain and feed efficiency than those fed with control diet. The best weight gain was achieved by low dose dry Aloe vera (1342 g/bird) and the lowest was the control (1039 g/bird). The best feed conversion ratio was achieved by antibiotic treatment (1.756) followed by low dose dry Aloe vera + curcuma meal (1.758) and the worst was showed by the control (1.908). It is concluded that Aloe vera bioactives at low dose (0.50 g/kg diet) could improve body weight gain and feed efficiency of broilers reared on deep litter. The improvement achieved was similar as the antibiotic. The bioactive is more effective when fed in crumble diets. Â Key words: Broilers, bioactives, Aloe vera

Rice bran inclusion in the fruit and vegetable waste-based diets for fryer rabbits Prawirodigdo, S; ., Muryanto; Yuwono, D.M
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of rice bran inclusion in the fruit and vegetable waste (FVW)-based diets on the growth performance of fryer rabbits. Thirty-six growing rabbits (New Zealand x Flemish Giant) of about 1070.8 g initial body-weight were housed individually in the wire mesh cages and assigned to either one of a FVW-based diet containing 20% rice bran (RB 20%), 10% rice bran (RB 10%) or zero rice bran (RB 0%). Thus, each treatment consists of 12 replicates. Data were collected for 28 days. Results showed that inclusion of rice bran in the diet significantly decreased (P<0.05) dry matter intake (2888, 2830 and 3095 g, for Diets RB 20%, RB 10%, and RB 0%, respectively). Average daily weight gain of the rabbits consuming RB 20% (23 g), RB 10% (25 g) and RB 0% (33 g) was significantly different (P<0.05). Inclusion of rice bran in the FVW-based diet significantly (P<0.05) affected the feed conversion ratio of the diets (3.4 versus 4.4 and 4.1, for RB 0% versus RB 20% and RB 10%, respectively). Consistently, the average carcass weight of rabbits consuming RB 0% (1140g) was superior (P<0.05) to the carcass weight of rabbits fed RB 20% (1022 g) or RB 10% (1046 g). Overall, inclusion of rice bran in the FVW based diet is not necessary. Simultaneously, use of FVW for rabbit is promising to avoid the accumulated fermenting FVW problem and produce healthy meat instantly for food. Â Key words: Fruit and vegetable waste, rice bran, fryer rabbit, growth rate, carcass

The effect of sugar cane waste product fermented by Pleurotus ostreatus on the ration to Priangan sheep performance Tarmidi, Ana Rochana
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Bagasse from Saccharum officinarum has potency as roughage source for ruminants. The objective of this research was to evaluate the use of bagasse fermented by Pleurotus ostreatus (ATB) to feed consumption, daily gain and feed efficiency of Priangan sheep. The research was arranged into two stages, i.e: (i) bioconversion of bagasse by P. ostreatus, and (ii) biological test using ATB. Twenty five heads of male Priangan sheep with average body weight of 18.99 + 0.22 kg were fed with ATB for three months. A completely randomized design was carried out with five replications. The treatment were: R0= 70.0% King grass + 30.0% concentrate; R1= 59.50% King grass + 10.10% ATB + 30% concentrate; R2= 49.00% King grass + 21.10% ATB + 30% concentrate; R3= 38.50% King grass + 31.50% ATB + 30% concentrates, and R4= 28.00% King grass + 42% ATB + 30% concentrate. The results of the experiment showed that bagasse fermented by P. ostreatus (ATB) did not indicate negative effects on feed consumption, daily gain, and feed efficiency of Priangan sheep, and ATB can be used as ingredient of Priangan sheep ration up to 31.50% based on dry matter of the ration. Â Key words: Bagasse, Pleurotus ostreatus, feed consumption, daily gain, feed efficiency

In vitro study of effectiveness of saponin from Sapindus rarak fruit as methanogenesis inhibitor on ruminal digestion system Thalib, Amlius
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Methane produced in the rumen system causes the lost of ingested chemical energy, and the methane emitted contributes the greenhouse effect to the atmosphere environment. A study to evaluate the effectiveness of saponin from Sapindus rarak fruit as an inhibitor of ruminal methanogenesis was conducted. The method conducted in this study was a fermentation of a substrate by in vitro technique using rumen fluid (obtained from fistulated sheep) as inoculum. Substrate (king grass) was fermented in anaerobic incubator system at pH of medium 6.9 and temperature of 39Â°C for 48 hours. Inoculum was supplemented with an ingredient obtained by extraction of Sapindus rarak fruit with methanol (Aksapon SR) and the ones without extraction (lerak powder), and further, these treatments were compared to other methanogenesis inhibitors (i.e. Fe3+, SO4 2â and poly unsaturated longchain fatty acids: PULCFA).The treatments were 1). Inoculum without treatment (K); 2). K + Aksapon SR (80 mg/100 ml); 3). K + lerak powder (160 mg/100 ml); 4). K + Fe3+ (0.8 mg/100 ml); 5. K + SO4 2- (96 mg/100 ml); 6). K + PULCFA (24 mg/100 ml). Measurements conducted were portion of methane, dry matter digestibility (DMD), NH3-N content, microbial population, and volatile fatty acids (VFA). The data measured were analyzed by using completely randomized design. The results of the experiment showed that Aksapon SR was the most effective inhibitor of methanogenesis compared to the others, that is when compared to control, Aksapon SR lowered methane production by 31% (P<0.01), and followed by treatments of Fe3+ (22%) (P<0.05), lerak powder (21%) (P<0.05), PULCFA (11%) (P>0.05) and SO4 2â(10%) (P>0.05). All additive treatments did not affect the DMD value of the substrate fermented by control inoculum. Compared to control, all treatments lowered the protozoal population where the Aksapon SR gave the strongest effect (1.91 x 105 vs 9.94 x 105 cell/ml), and the decrease of protozoal number in Aksapon SR treatment was followed by the increase of bacterial (4.13 x 109 vs 2.56 x 109 colony/ml). Aksapon SR and SO4 2- did not influence the total VFA production, while lower VFA productions were found on lerak powder and Fe3+ treatments (P<0.05), and the reverse effect was shown by PULCFA (P<0.05). Acetate/propionate ratio was significantly changed by Aksapon SR and lerak powder treatments (i.e. 1.37 and 1.33 respectively, vs 2.20). In conclusion, Aksapon SR was the most effective methanogenesis inhibitor compared to the others used in this study, and saponin contained in Sapindus rarak fruit could also be used as propionate enhancer. Â Key words: Saponin, Sapindus rarak, methanogenesis, inhibitor

Pasteurised milk and implementation of HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) Murdiati, T.B; Priadi, A; Rachmawati, S; ., Yuningsih
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The purpose of pasteurisation is to destroy pathogen bacteria without affecting the taste, flavor, and nutritional value. A study on the implementation of HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) in producing pasteurized milk was carried out in four processing unit of pasteurised milk, one in Jakarta, two in Bandung and one in Bogor. The critical control points in the production line were identified. Milk samples were collected from the critical points and were analysed for the total number of microbes. Antibiotic residues were detected on raw milks. The study indicated that one unit in Bandung dan one unit in Jakarta produced pasteurized milk with lower number of microbes than the other units, due to better management and control applied along the chain of production. Penisilin residues was detected in raw milk used by unit in Bogor. Six critical points and the hazard might arise in those points were identified, as well as how to prevent the hazards. Quality assurance system such as HACCP would be able to produce high quality and safety of pasteurised milk, and should be implemented gradually. Â Key words: Pasteurised milk, food safety, HACCP

Seroepidemiology of Canine parvovirus infection in dogs Sendow, Indrawati; Syafriati, Tatty
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Canine parvovirus is an acute and fatal viral disease in dogs. A total of 209 local, cross breed and breed dogs sera from Kodya Bogor, Kabupaten Bogor, Sukabumi, and Jakarta, had been tested using Haemagglutination Inhibition Test (HI) with pig red blood cells. A total of 64 breed and cross breed dogs from Sukabumi and Kodya Bogor, were used as a sentinel dogs to study the epidemiology of Canine parvovirus (CPV) infection and its immunological responses caused by vaccination. The results indicated that 78% (95) breed and cross bred dogs and 59% (51) local dogs had antibody to CPV. Sentinel dogs results indicated that dogs had been vaccinated showed antibody response with the varied titre dependant upon prevaccination titre. Low prevaccinated titre gave better response than protective level titre. From 19 puppies observed, Maternal antibodi were still detected until 5 weeks old puppies. First vaccination given at less than 3 months old, should be boosted after 3 months old puppied. Antibodi titre produced by natural infection will keep untill 2 years. These data concluded that the dog condition and time of vaccination will affect the optimum antibody response. Â Key words: Canine parvovirus, haemagglutination inhibition, isolation

The effect of the liver fluke Fasciola gigantica infestation on the leucocyte eosinophil cell profile on sheep Widjajanti, S; Estuningsih, S.E; ., Subandriyo; Piedrafita, D; Raadsma, H.W
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Eosinophil is one of the major leucocyte cell in the blood which specifically reacted on parasite infection, thus it is important to determine its profile against the F. gigantica infection. The aims of this study is to determine the differences of the eosinophil count profiles on the different breed of sheep infected with F. gigantica and its relation with the resistance of sheep bred against parasitic disease. Four groups of sheep consist of Indonesian Thin Tail (ITT) sheep, Merino sheep, backcross sheep (10 families) and F2 sheep were infected with 300 metacercariae of Fasciola gigantica. The total sheep used in this trial is 621. Those sheep were observed for 12 weeks and the blood samples were collected every 2 weeks after infection. The results showed that total eosinophil counts in all infected sheep increased after two weeks post infection and ITT sheep showed the highest counts. On the other hand, the mean fluke counts on ITT sheep is the lowest compared with the other groups of sheep. Merino and F2 sheep had the highest mean fluke counts. Three families of backcross sheep had the mean flukes count similar to ITT sheep and the other 7 families were similar to the Merino sheep. In conclusion, the highest total eosinophil count at the early stage of infection on ITT sheep might be related with the genetic resistance, which was showed by the lowest flukes count, and the resistance was inherited to some of the backcross sheep, which had similar flukes count with ITT sheep. Â Key words: Fasciola gigantica, eosinophil, sheep

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Home Page

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Contact Name Ahmadi Riyanto

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Location Kota bogor, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

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Contact Name
Ahmadi Riyanto

Contact Email
medpub@litbang.deptan.go.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
ahmadi_puslitbangnak@yahoo.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA