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Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner

JITV
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 08537380 EISSN : 2252696X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

Aims JITV (Jurnal Ilmu ternak dan Veteriner) or Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (IJAVS) aims to publish original research results and reviews on farm tropical animals such as cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, poultry, as well as non domesticated Indonesian endemic animals, such as deers, anoa, babirusa, etc. Scope Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences . The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of animal science and veterinary

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi

Articles 1,756 Documents

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Pre-and postcalving supplementation of multinutrient blocks on lactation and reproductive performances of grazing Bali cows Belli, H.L.L
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 11, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The influence of multinutrient blocks during pre and postcalving on lactation and reproductive performances of Bali cows were evaluated. Seventeen multiparous pregnant cows with body condition score (BCS) 1 to 2, approximately 90 d before the expected date of calving, were divided randomly into groups A (n=9) and B (n=8), and were grazed on the native pasture as a basal diet, while those of Group B received 1.25 kg multinutrient blocks, whose constituent was as follows (%): molasses (28), urea (5), coconut cake (15), fishmeal (5), rice bran (25), lime (8.5), salt (7.5), grit (5) and ultramineral (1). Cows were weighed and assessed for BCS (on a five-point scale) every two weeks, commencing at 12 weeks prior to calving, within 24 h after calving up to 16 weeks after calving. Milk production and composition were assessed by the weigh-suckle-weigh technique at four times i.e. 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after calving. Suckling behaviour i.e. frequency of suckling, duration of nursing and total min nursed were observed 6 times in the course of lactation at weekly intervals commencing at 1 week after calving. Calf birth weight was measured within 24 h after calving and continued at weekly intervals until 12 weeks of age. Uterine involution was determined by rectal palpation at 7 d postcalving. The interval from calving to first estrus was monitored by estrus observation twice a day. Conception at first service was assessed by pregnancy diagnosis 45 to 60 d after insemination. Cows fed multinutrient blocks supplement had higher liveweight, BCS throughout the experiment. The cows produced significantly more milk and had higher growth rates of the calves than the unsupplemented cows. The mean values of the characteristics of suckling were influenced by supplementation. The rate of uterine involution and conception to first service were similar in the two treatment groups, but interval from calving to the exhibition of the first estrus was shorter in supplemented cows. Key Words: Supplementation, Multinutrient Block, Bali Cows

Supplementation strategies to improve efficiency of rumen microbial protein synthesis on cattles fed with tropical grass hay Mulik, Marthen L
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 11, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

This experiment aimed at increasing rumen microbial protein supply into intestine through ration manipulation. Four Santa Gertrudis steers with a mean liveweight (W) of 218 (Â±5.6) kg were used in a latin square design (4 x 4) to observe the effect of four diets on the efficiency of rumen microbial protein synthesis (EMPS). The steers were given pangola grass hay (8.5% protein) as the basal diet. The treatments were 1) pangola grass hay alone (KON), 2) pangola grass hay + 19 g urea/kg dry matter (DM) hay (URE), 3) as for treatment URE + a supplement mix at 0.5% W (SUP), and 4) as for treatment SUP + salt at 0.15% W (SUG). Urea was added into the hay to support a theoretical EMPS of 160 g MCP/kg digestible organic matter (DOM) whereas supplement mix contains fast, medium, and slow rumen fermentable energy and protein to synchronise energy and protein release in the rumen. Salt was added to alter passage rate of digesta. Addition of urea alone or with supplement mix increased EMPS significantly compared to KON (77 g MCP/kg DOM) but no difference between URE (119 g MCP/kg DOM) and SUP (110 g MCP/kg DOM). Addition of salt into supplement mix increased EMPS by 84% (140 g MCP/kg DOM). It might be concluded that rumen degradable protein (RDP) was deficient in steers fed low quality grass hay hence urea supplementation significantly increased EMPS to a similar extent as that of the supplement mix formulated to have a synchrony in protein and energy release.Â Increasing fluid dilution rate, by adding salt, also had a dramatic affect on EMPS as observed in treatment SUG. It increased up to the level suggested in the International feeding standards. Â Key Words: Microbial Protein, Soluble Protein, Dilution Rate, Supplement, Tropical Grass

SEVILLA and U.M. LUSTRIA. 2006. Changes in rumen ecosystem and feed dry matter degradability of buffalo which received rumen content of cattle through cross inoculation Pamungkas, Dicky; Sevilla, Cesar C; Lustria, Ulysses M
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 11, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The research was done to identify changes in rumen ecosystem of buffalo which received rumen content of cattle. As much as three head of fistulated male buffaloes (live weight of 450-550 kg) and three fistulated female cattle (live weight 250-380 kg) were used. This experiment was done three stage as follows: pre-inoculation, inoculation and post-inoculation. In Pre-inoculation, the sample of rumen content was taken two hours before morning feeding and directly observed for pH rumen liquor, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total volatile fatty acid (VFA). During the last three days of the first week of pre and post inoculation, the in situ dry matter digestibility was conducted. The samples were incubated for 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours in the rumen of the experimental animals. Napier grass, leucaena, and wheat pollard were incubated separately in the nylon bags to determine DM digestibility. The cross inoculation (total of rumen content) was done less than 10 minutes. In post-inoculation, the sample of rumen content was taken at two hours before morning feeding as long as two days of two weeks after inoculation. Changes in rumen ecosystem (pH, NH3-N and total VFA) were tested by using Completely Randomized Design. Result showed that the transfer of rumen content from cattle to buffalo significantly reduced the pH level in the rumen of buffalo. However, it had no significant effect on the ammonia concentration in the rumen of buffalo and showed significantly decreased of bacteria but it was not affect on the total count of protozoa and fungi. The transfer of rumen content from cattle to buffalo significantly decreased the value of insoluble and potential digestible fraction of leucaena. The DM effective degradability of Napier grass was significantly increase (P<0.05) within outflow rate 0.02 and 0.04 h-1 after cross inoculation. In wheat pollard, a significantly decrease (P<0.05) was occurred when outflow rate was observed at 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08 h-1 Key Words: Rumen Ecosystem, Cross Inoculation, Degradability

Identification of Mardivirus Serotypes Circulating in Poultry Farms in Sukabumi and Cianjur District, West Java, 2011 using Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (mPCR) Approach Hartawan, Risza; NLPI, DharmayantI
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Three serotypes of Mardivirus had been circulating in the farm environments, these being Marekâs disease virus serotype 1 (MDV-1), Gallid hepesvirus 3 (GaHV3) and herpesvirus of turkey (HVT). However, only MDV-1 poses a significant hazard to the poultry farm. The virus causes a neoplastic syndrome that inflicting severe economic loss to the affected farms. Although vaccination has successfully reduced the frequency and severity of outbreaks, the threat does not disappear since several more pathogenic strains have evolved, and these can overcome protection by vaccination. The aim of this study was to investigate the circulation of three Mardivirus serotypes in commercial poultry farms in Sukabumi and Cianjur district using mPCR approach for the feather samples. A low prevalence of these three serotypes was detected. However, the practice of vaccinating using live attenuated MDV-1 caused difficulty in the investigation. Differentation between virulent field strains and CVI988 vaccine strain using the 132 bp repeat motif attenuation marker within the terminal and inverted repeats flanking the unique long region generated an ambiguous result. Thus, other approaches are required to address this issue, such as selection of other markers, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), high-resolution melt curve analysis (HRM) and gene sequencing. Key Words: Mardivirus serotype, MDV-1, GaHV3, HVT, multiplex PCR

Lambing behavior of Garut ewes and its crosses with St. Croix and Moulton Charollais Inounu, Ismeth; Kurniawan, W; Noor, R
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 11, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Lamb mortality is highly related to ewe behavior at lambing. The purpose of this research was to study ewe lambing behavior and lamb behavior after birth of Garut (GG) sheep and its crosses with St. Croix (HH) and Moulton Charollais (MM). The number of observation were 106 head, consist of 32 GG; 23 of HG; 14 of MG; 31 of MHG and 6 of HMG crossed ewes. Analysis of variance of general linear model (GLM) for different number of sample was used to study ewe behavior of different group of ewes. Linear regression was used to analyze relationships between lambing behavior; times from birth to stand up and ewe body weight. While relationship between labor time and parity or type of birth were analyzed descriptively. Before lambing, ewes stood up, lain down, walked in circle, vocalized, urinated, flehmened, and pawed. HG and HMG ewes stood up less often than other breeds (P<0.05). Lambing time was distributed randomly for GG, HG, MG and MHG ewes, but HMG ewes mostly lambed at night (66.67%). Labor time of HMG ewes was significantly shorter than other breeds (P<0.05) and was not affected by birth weight, birth type and neither by parity. The ewes generally lambed in lay down position. After lambing, ewe normally stood up and cleaned the lamb immediately. The cleaning generally begin from the head progressed down to the whole body. The success for lamb to stand up was not significantly different among breeds. Key Words: Lambing Behavior, Garut, Crossbreeding, St. Croix, Moulton Charollais

Utilization of mixed cellulolytic microbes from termite extract, elephant faecal solution and buffalo ruminal fluid to increase in vitro digestibility of King Grass Prabowo, Agung; Padmowijoto, Soemitro; Bachruddin, Zaenal; Syukur, Abdul
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Cellulose is a compound of plant cell walls which is difficult to be degraded because it composed of glucose monomers linked by Î²-(1.4)-bound. It will be hydrolysed by cellulase enzyme secreted by cellulolytic microbes. The effective digestion of cellulose needs high activity of cellulase enzyme. This research aims to increase in vitro king grass digestibility utilizing mixed cellulolytic microbes of termite extract, elephant faecal solution, and buffalo ruminal fluid. Twelve syringes contained gas test media were randomly divided into four treatments based on sources of microbe (SM), namely: S (SM: cattle ruminal fluid [S]), RGK (SM: mixed cellulolytic microbes of termite extract, elephant faecal solution, and buffalo ruminal fluid [RGK], with composition 1 : 1 : 1), S-RGK (SM: S + RGK, with composition 1:1), and TM (without given treatment microbe). Digestibility was measured using gas test method. Average of gas production treatment of S-RGK (70.2 + 0.6 ml) was higher and significantly different (P<0.01) compared to treatment of S (60.3 + 0.8 ml), RGK (40.8 + 2.3 ml), and TM (13.3 + 2.0 ml). Utilization of mixed cellulolytic microbes of termite extract, elephant faecal solution, and buffalo ruminal fluid (RGK) that combined with microbes of cattle ruminal fluid (S) could increase in vitro digestibility of king grass. Key Words: Cellulolytic Microbe, Termite Extract, Elephant Faecal, Buffalo Ruminal Fluid

Performances and phylogenic relationships among local sheep in Indonesia by morphological analysis Sumantri, C; Einstiana, A; Salamena, J.F; Inounu, I
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The morphological discriminant and canonical analysis were carried out to estimate the phylogenic relationship and determine the discriminant variables between Indonesian local sheep of thin tail sheep from Jonggol (Bogor) and Garut and fat tail sheep from Indramayu (originated from East Java), Donggala, Madura, Kisar, Rote and Sumbawa. The number of sheep usedÂ was totally 818 heads collected from 8 populations, were Jonggol (185), Garut (74), Indramayu (100), Donggala (60), Madura (86) Kisar (231), Rote (52), and Sumbawa (30). Discriminant analysis used for body weight and body measurements were body length, wither height, chest width, chest depth, chest circumference, skull length, skull width, skull height, tail lenght, tail width, ear length and ear width. SAS package program was used to analyze the data. The results from analysis variant showed that the body weight and body measurenment of Garut sheep almost the same with sheep from Indramayu and significantly higher (P<0,05) compared to another breeds. Whereas, Kisar and Rote have body weight and body measurenment significantly lower (P<0,05) compared to another breeds. The results from Mahalanobis distance (phenogram tree) and canonical analyses showed that breeds were divided into five groups, the first group is Garut, the second is thin-tail sheep which existed in Jonggol, the third was fat-tailed sheep which existed in Kisar, Rote, and Sumbawa, the fourth is fat-tail sheep which existed in Donggala, and the fiveth was fat-tailed sheep which existed in Indramayu and Madura. The groups of sheep between Kisar and Rote had the smallest genetic distance value equal to 1,623 and groups between Donggala and Garut had the biggest genetic distance value equal to 7,994. The highest similarity between individual inside the group was obtained from Sumbawa (100%) and the lowest similarity was from Rote (72,41%). The results from canonical analyses showed that tail lenght, ear width, ear lenght, skull lenght, body lenght, and tail width were the most discriminant variables to determine the diferences between breeds. Key Words: Sheep, Genetic Distance, Analysis Discriminant and Cannonica

Molecular analysis of Hemagglutinin Gen of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza of H5N1 Subtype Isolated from Waterfowls Susanti, R; Soejoedono, Retno D; K Mahardika, I Gusti Ngurah; T Wibawan, I Wayan; Suhartono, Maggy T
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 13, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Avian influenza viruses (AIV) subtype H5N1 isolated from waterfowls in West Java pose the known characteristic of highly pathogenic strains, with polybasic amino acid sequence of cleavage site QRERRRKKR and QRESRRKKR. This research aimed to analyze the important domains of hemagglutinin (HA) gene of those isolates. Fragment of HA gene was amplified using RT-PCR method with specifically-designed primer pairs and sequenced using dideoxy termination method with ABI automatic sequencer (Applied Biosystems). Multiple alignment of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were analyzed using ClustalW of MEGA-3.1 program. Some of biological domains of HA, i.e. antigenic sites, receptor binding pocket, and glycosylation sites of the isolates were polymorphic. The viruses also pose conserved glutamine (Q) and glisin (G) residues at the known receptor binding site, at the position 222 and 224 respectively. This findings clearly show that all AIV subtype H5N1 isolaed from waterfowl preservesthe Î±-2,3NeuAcGal avian receptor specificity. Key Words: Antigenic Sites, Glycosylation Sites, Receptor Binding Pocket, AIV H5N1, Waterfowls

Alleviation of oxidative stress, carcass fat and plasma cholesterol in broiler chickens consuming antanan (Centella asiatica) and vitamin C Kusnadi, Engkus
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 13, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Oxidative stress (a condition where oxidant -free radical- activity dominates the antioxidant activity) in poultry may be caused by heat stress from high environmental temperature. In this research, antanan (Centella asiatica) and vitamin C was utilized as anti heat-stress agents for broilers. One hundred and twenty male broilers of 2 â 6 weeks of age were kept at 31.98 Â± 1.940C poultry house temperature during the day and 27.36 Â± 1.310C at night. The treatments consist of two kinds: two levels of vitamin C (0 and 500ppm) and three levels of antanan (0, 5 and 10% of diets). The data colected was analized for variance with a factorial in completely randomized design of 2 x 3 (2 levels of vitamin C, 3 levels of antanan) and continued with contrast-orthogonal test when applicable. The results indicated that the treatments of antanan 5% without vitamin C (A5C0), antanan 10% without vitamin C (A10C0), vitamin C 500ppm without antanan (A0C500), combination of A5 and C500 (A5C500), and combination ofÂ A10 and C500 (A10C500) significantly (P<0.05) decreased the level of liver malonaldehida (MDA), carcass lipid and plasma cholesterol. Key Words: Oxidative Stress, Centella Asiatica, Vitamin C

The quality of spotted buffalo epididymal sperm with addition of raffinose as external cryoprotectant ., Yulnawati; ., Herdis; Maheshwari, H; Rizal, M
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 13, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The aims of this research was to obtain the quality of Spotted buffalo epididymal sperm in different kind of extender in the three stages of cryopreservation (after dilution, post equilibration and post thawing). Spermatozoa was collected with combination of slicing and pressure method into the epididymal tissue in AndromedÃ¢extender. Soon after diluted and equilibrated, epididymal spermatozoa was cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen (-196Â°C).Â The result showed that the percentage of motility after thawing in AndromedÃ¢ + raffinose 0.4% (47.0 Â± 2.4%), was significantly different (P<0.05) from that of control (41.0 Â± 2.0%), but there was no significantly different (P>0.05) from that of AndromedÃ¢ + raffinose 0.2% (46.0 Â± 2.0%). The percentage of live sperm after thawing in control (52.2 Â± 2.5%), was the lowest and significantly different (P<0.05) from that of AndromedÃ¢ + raffinose 0.2% (59.2 Â± 2.6%) and AndromedÃ¢ + raffinose 0.4% (58.8 Â± 3.1%). Moreover, the percentage of membrane integrity after thawing in control, AndromedÃ¢ + raffinose 0.2% and AndromedÃ¢ + raffinose 0.4% was 68.0 Â± 1.1%; 67.2 Â± 1.6% and 67.6 Â± 1.2%, respectively. There was no significantly different (P>0.05) in the percentage of membrane integrity from all treatments. In conclusion, the addition of 0.2 and 0.4% raffinose into AndromedÃ¢ extender could improve the percentage of motility and viability of post thawing spotted buffalo epididymal spermatozoa. Key Words: Epididymal Sperm, Cryopreservation, Raffinose, Spotted Buffalo

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Ahmadi Riyanto

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medpub@litbang.deptan.go.id

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Journal Mail Official
ahmadi_puslitbangnak@yahoo.com

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Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA