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Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner

JITV
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 08537380 EISSN : 2252696X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

Aims JITV (Jurnal Ilmu ternak dan Veteriner) or Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (IJAVS) aims to publish original research results and reviews on farm tropical animals such as cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, poultry, as well as non domesticated Indonesian endemic animals, such as deers, anoa, babirusa, etc. Scope Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences . The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of animal science and veterinary

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Hewan dan Zoologi

Articles 1,756 Documents

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The use of in vitro gas production technique to evaluate molasses supplementation to mulberry (morus alba) and rice straw mixed diets Yulistiani, Dwi; Jelan, Z.A; Liang, J.B; Yaakub, H; Abdullah, N
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Mulberry foliages have high nutritive value (protein content, digestibility and degradability), therefore it is potential to be used as a supplement to poor quality roughages. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of addition of fermentable energy in the mixed of mulberry and rice straw basal diet. A control diet consisted of either rice straw (RS) or urea treated rice straw mixed with mulberry foliage (URS) with ratio of 60 : 40%. Treatment was formulated by supplementation of control diet with molasses (as sources of fermentable energy) at 3 levels (5, 10 and 15%). The study was conducted in a 2 x 4 factorial experiment, consisted of 2 levels rice straw (untreated and urea treated) and 4 levels molasses supplementation (control and 3 levels for molasses). Diets were evaluated using in vitro gas production. The fermentation kinetics was determined from the incubation of 200 mg sample during 96 hours. The calculation of the kinetics based on exponential equation P = A+ B (1-e-ct). A shorter gas production test was carried out to determine truly degradable fermented substrates (in vitro true organic matter degradability/IVTOMD) by incubating 500 mg of samples 24 hours. The result showed that there was no significant interaction between rice straw treatment and molasses supplementation on fermentation characteristics, in vitro true dry matter digestibility, fermented substrate and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. However there was a significant interaction between rice straw treatment on partitioning factor (PF), gas produced, propionic acid production and ratio between acetic acid and propionic acid. Molasses supplementation significantly (P<0.05) decreased gas production and ratio of acetic to propionic acid, and increase PF, propionic acid production in untreated rice straw mulberry (RSM) basal diet. It is concluded that molasses supplementation to RSM diet decreased gas production and ratio of C2/C3, and increased PF and propionic acid production. Key Words: Mulberry Foliage, Molasses, Rice Straw, In Vitro Gas Production

Utilization of Probiotic and Organic-Cn on Ruminal Ecosystem In Vitro Astuti, Wulansih Dwi; Ridwan, Roni; Tappa, Baharuddin
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Improvement of nutrient intake was needed to increase cattle productivity. Probiotics and organic Cr, as feed additives, might have beneficially improve ruminant microbial ecosystem, and optimize digestion process by rumen microbes. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of combination between probiotic or mixed probiotcs and organic Cr on rumen fermentation activity. An in vitro study was held based on randomized block design with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were (A) Control ration, (B) Control ration + probiotic TSD 10, (C) Control ration + probiotic TSD 10 + organic Cr, (D) Control ration + mixed probiotics, and (E) Control ration + mixed probiotics + organic Cr. Organic Cr concentration was supplemented 2 ppm, whereas probiotics supplement contained 109 cfu/g. Supplementation of probiotic and organic Cr increased dry matter and organic matter digestibility but decreased total VFA and NH3 concentration. Treatment E (combination between mixed probiotics and organic Cr) gave the highest dry matter (52.45 %) and organic matter (51.96 %) digestibilities. It also tended to increase NH3 and total VFA production. Supplementation of single or mixed probiotics showed no difference for dry matter and organic matter digestibilities, and proportion of individual VFA. Mixed probiotics gave higher VFA and NH3 concentration compared to single probiotic. Probiotics supplementation resulted in a tendency for higher acetate proportion, while organic Cr supplementation resulted in a tendency of higher propionate proportion. Key Words: Probiotic, Organic Cr, Ruminal Microbes, VFA

Effect of supplementation of Zn-biocomplex in ration on the growth of young sheep ., Supriyati; Haryanto, B
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The effect of supplementation of graded levels of Zn-bio-complex in concentrate on the growth of young sheep was studied. Fourty young Thin Tailled sheeps were devided into 4 groups of Zn-bio complex treatments. Zink-bio-complex was produced by IRIAPâs laboratory. King grass powder (CP = 10.4%) and concentrate (CP=15.5%) were given as a basal diet. King grass powder and drinking water were given ad libitum. The concentrate was given daily at 200 g h-1d-1 supplemented with 0 mg Zn kg-1 of DM (R1), 50 mg Zn kg-1 of DM (R2), 100 mg Zn kg-1 of DM (R3), and 200 mg Zn kg-1 of DM (R4). The initial live weight of sheep was 11.99 Â± 0.17kg h-1. Live weight were measured fortnightly and feed consumption were measured daily. The experiment was carried out for 12 weeks with 4 weeks prior adaptation periods. Data obtained were analyzed statistically based on Completely Randomized Design. The results of experiment showed that the supplementation of Zn-bio-complex improved the live weight from 57.60 g h-1d-1 (R1) to 85.47, 72.14 and 67.86 g h-1d-1 with the feed conversion ratio improvement from 11.9 (R1) to 8.0, 9.6 and 10.5 for treatment R2, R3 and R4 respectively (P<0.05). The graded level of Zn-bio-complex did not affect daily feed intake which was 687, 686, 695 and 711 g h-1d-1 (P>0.05) for R1, R2, R3 and R4, respectively. It can be concluded that the supplementation of Zn-bio-complex at the level of 50 mg Zn kg-1 in daily concentrate resulted in the best response on live weight gain and feed conversion ratio of young sheep. Key Words: Zn-Biocomplex, Sheep, Liveweight Gain, Feed Conversion Ratio

Grazing characteristics in the dwarf Elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) pasture by breeding beef cows at the first and second years after establishment Mukhtar, Muhammad
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

In order to determine grazing characteristics in the dwarf Elephantgrass pasture under the rotational grazing system, 5 a of pasture established by rooted tillers of dwarf variety of late-heading type (DL) was grazed by 3 head of breeding beef cows in the following 2 years after establishment in 2003 and 2004. Grazing system was conducted at 4 and 5 times for about 1-week grazing with 3-weeks and 1-month rest period in 2003 and 2004, respectively. Tiller number increased seasonally from the first through the fourth or fifth grazing, and herbage dry matter weight reached the peak at the fourth grazing both years, while some characters such as plant height, mean tiller dry matter weight and percentage of leaf blade tended to decrease with the grazing. From the stratified clipping method, percentage leaf blades in the top two, third and in the fourth strata were consumed perfectly and almost perfectly, respectively both years. Herbage consumption increased with the grazing up to the third and fourth grazing and dropped at the last grazing due to the poor regrowth under the decreasing air temperature both years. Dry matter intake per head averaged 4.3â13.4 kg DM head-1 day-1 in 2003 and 6.7-11.4 kg DM head-1 day-1 (15.5-28.6 g DM/kg LW-1 day-1) in 2004. Grazing time on DL elephantgrass was stable at 50â60% in daytime at the first grazing day both years, while that at the last grazing day tended to increase with the grazing both years. Thus, live weights of 3 head of beef cows were maintained in the grazing from the second to the fourth time without concentrate feeding in 2004, when dry matter intake was above 20 g DM Â LW-1 day-1. Key Words: Dwarf-Elephantgrass, Grazing Characteristics, Beef Cows, Percentage Leaf of Blade

Growth curve analysis of Garut sheep and its crossbreds Inounu, Ismeth; Mauluddin, D; Noor, R.R; ., Subandriyo
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Data of body weight of Garut sheep and its crossbreds of 488 head, consist ofÂ 149 head of Garut sheep, 115 head of St. Croix X Garut (HG), 68 head of Mouton Charollais X Garut (MG), 101 head of MG X HG (MHG) and 55 head of HG X MG (HMG) which is collected from Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production at Bogor station were used in individual growth curve analysis. Three growth curve non linier model were used in this study i.e Logistik, Gompertz and Von Bertalanffy models. Comparisons were made among these models for goodness of fit, biological interpretability of parameters and computional ease and effect of genotype and environment in them. Least square means growth curve parameters which have biological interpretability were used to compare effect the genotype, interse mated procces and estimated heterosis effect. The result indicated that Von Bertalanffy was the best model in fitting the data from Garut and Crossbreds although the model needed more iteration than others in computations. All models have good biological interpretability especially for parameter mature size (A) and rate of maturity (k). Genotype, year of birth, sex and type of birth reared were important effects (p<0.01) in mature size (A) for all models except effect of type of birth rearing (P<0.05) in Logistic model. Year of birth had important effect (p<0.01) in rate of maturity (k) for all models. Genotype, year of birth, sex, parity and type of birth reared also had important effect (p<0.01) in parameter b/M; except b parameter in Von Bertalanffy was affected significantly by sex (P<0.05). Key Words: Growth Curve, Garut Sheep and Crossbreds, Relative Superiority

Growth regression models at two generations of selected populations Alabio ducks Susanti, Triana; Prasetyo, L Hardi
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

A selection process to increase egg production of Alabio ducks was conducted in Balai Penelitian Ternak, Ciawi-Bogor. The selection aimed at increasing production, however observation on growth of the selected ducks was necessary since early growth stage (0-8 wks) determines the performance during laying period. This paper presents the growth models and the coefficient of determination of two generations of selected Alabio ducks. Body weight were observed weekly on 363 ducks from F1 and 356 ducks from F2, between 0-8 weeks and then fortinghly until 16 weeks. Growth curves were analysed using regression models between age and bodyweight of each population. The selection of model with the best fit was based on the large value of determination coefficient (R2), small value of MSE, and sinificant level of regression coefficient. Result showed that cubic polynomial regression was the best fit for the two populations, Y = 56.31-1.44X+0.64X2-0.005X3 for F1 and Y = 43.05 + 0.96X + 0.69X2 - 0.0056X3 for F2. The values of R2 were 0.9466 for F1 and 0.9243 for F2, and the values of MSE were 11.586 for F1 and 19.978 for F2. The growth of F1 is better during starter period, but F2 is better during grower period. Key Words: Regresion, Growth, Alabio Duck

Productivity of Sumateran Composite dan Barbados Cross sheep breed in the field condition Setiadi, Bambang; ., Subandriyo
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Two years field study has been carried out in the Purwakarta district , West Java, to evaluate sheep productivity of Sumateran Composite (K) and Barbados cross (BC) breeds introduced to the farmers, compared with locally thin tail sheep breed (L) that were maintained by the farmers. Genotype compositions of K sheep were Barbados Blackbelly 25%, St. Croix 25%, and Sumateran sheep 50%; and for BC were Barbados Blackbelly 50% and Sumateran sheep 50%. Sheep those were introduced was new breed from breeding improvement of Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production. Litter size of K, BC, and L ewes was 1.3; 1.4; and 1.5 respectively. Pre-weaning mortality rate were 5.0; 5.0 and 8.0% respectively for K, BC, and L lambs. Ewe Reproduction Rate (LRI = number of lamb at weaning/ewe/year) of L (2.14) was higher than BC (2.0) and K (1.85). The ewe productivity (PI = kg lambs/ewe/year) is the average of weaning weight timed LRI. Because the weaning weight of L (7.0 kg) were significantly lowest than BC (10.5 kg) and K (9.25 kg) will affect on PI. PI of L (14.98) ewe were significantly (P<00.5) lowest than BC (21) and K (17.11). Body weight of crossbred (K X L and BCxL) under the same physiologic status were similarly with BC and K. According to the result of productivity evaluation of introduced sheep breed in the field condition, can be sumarize that productivity of K and BC sheep were significantly better than locally thin tail sheep. Key Words: Sumatera Composite, Barbados Blackbelly, Thin Tail Sheep, Productivity, Traditional Rearing

Viability of Timor deer stag (Cervus timorensis) spermatozoa extended in tris egg yolk diluent with different sources of carbohydrate and storage at room temperature Mesang-Nalley, W. Marlene; Handarini, R; Purwantara, B
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The successful Â sperm preservation, influenced by the capability of its extender on the maintenance the sperm quality during storage. The carbohydrate such as glucose and fructose were the common sugar added on the mammalian sperm extender to support their live and motility. The sucrose was the main carbohydrate in Â Timor deer stag seminal plasma. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of carbohydratesÂ in Tris egg yolk (TEY) extender on the motility and viability of stag sperm, stored in room temperature (27-28 oC). The semen was collected using electro ejaculator from five Timor deer stags at hard antler stage, 3-5 years old, body weight of 64-102 kg with normal testes. The semen was than evaluated macro-and microscopically and divided into 3 aliquots.Â Each of them was diluted with TEY-glucose (TEYG), TEY-fructose (TEYF) and TEY-Sucrose (TEYS) with the concentration of spermatozoa 100 x 106 ml-1. The extended semen was than stored at room temperature. The sperm motility and viability were evaluated every 3 hours. Result of the experiment showed that the semen volume was 2.06 Â± 0.63 ml, pH 7.03Â±0.13, yellow white until creamy in color and the consistency ranged from normal to thick. The mass movement between ++ to +++ and the sperm motility was 68.67 Â± 7.4%. The average of sperm concentration was 842.35 Â± 258.14x106 ml-1, the viable sperm was 78.11 Â± 3.61%, the sperm abnormality was 7.31 Â± 2.98%. The percentages of sperm motility on TEYG (18.00 Â± 17.63%) and TEYS (21.83 Â± 15.92%) were higher compare to TEYF (4,00 Â± 0,00%) extender in 24 hours observation. The percentage of sperm viability showed the same pattern. The sperm viability in TEYG (28.17 Â± 20.06) and TEYS (24.00 Â± 22.59%) (P<0.05) were significantly higher compare to TEYF (4.00 Â± 0.00%).Â It is concluded that the deer stag sperm can use the three sugars for their nutrition source. The diluted sperm still can be usedÂ for artificial insemination after 12 hour storage. Key Words: Liquid Semen, Deer, Room Temperature, Carbohydrate

Pathogenicity of Bordetella bronchiseptica local isolate in piggeries Chotiah, Siti; ., Tarmudji
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Bordetella bronchiseptica causes respiratory tract infections in many animals species. The bacteria were isolated and identified from piggeries in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to define the pathogenicity of B. bronchiseptica local isolate. Thirty piglets less than a week old were divided into 6 treatment groups. Each group of five was infected with Bordetella bronchiseptica BS9 (BCC B2455) local isolate with dose of 4.2 x 105, 4.2 x 106, 4.2 x 107, 4.2 x 108, 4.2 x 109 dan 4.2 x 1010 CFU/ml respectively by intra nasal inoculation, and three piglets were used as the control. The clinical signs, reisolation of bacteria, and histopathological changes were observed. The result showed that all treatment groups showed clinical sign of serous nasal discharge, and sneezing only found in two groups. Reisolation of those bacteria from concha were found in all groups, from trachea in one group, from bronchus in all groups, and they were not found in the control group. Histopathological change of epithelial cells desquamation and lost of cillias on concha were found in all treatment groups. On the trachea, epithelial cells desquamation were found in 3 treatment groups and lost of cillias in 4 treatment groups. On the bronchus, epithelial cells desquamation were found in 2 treatment groups and lost of cillias were found in 3 treatment groups. Total piglet that showed clinical phenomenon, positive bacteria reisolation and histopathological change from each group were not proportion to the dose given. This study showed that the local isolate of B. bronchiseptica was pathogenic because it can cause the damage of ciliated cylindrical epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract. Key Words: Bordetella bronchiseptica, Local Isolate, Pathogenicity, Piglet

Oil palm by product as an alternative feedstuff in Central Kalimantan: 1. The effect of feeding palm oil mill effluent on broilerâs performance Widjaja, Ermin; Piliang, Wiranda G; Rahayu, Iman; Utomo, Bambang Ngaji
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 11, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Palm oil mill effluent, a by product of crude palm oil processing, is found in an exessive amount in Central Kalimantan. It is estimated that 400 ton of this material is produced per day by crude palm oil (CPO) factory in this region. This material contains 12.63-17.41% crude protein, 9.98-25.79% crude fiber, 7.12-15.15% crude fat and 3217-3454 kcal/kg (gross energy). An experiment was conducted on broiler chickens of Hubbard strain in Kapuas District. The objectives of the experiment was to study the performance of broilers fed solid in the diet. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design. The treatments were levels of solid in the diet, i.e., 0.0, 12.5, 25.0 and 37.5%. Four hundred broilers were devided into 4 treatment groups with 5 replications, consisted of 20 chickens in each replicate. The results of this experiment showed that diet containing 0.0, 12.5, 25.0 and 37.5% of solid respectively produced final live weight of broilers 2508, 2229 and 1880 g respectively, whereas control (0.0% of solid) was 2712 g. Feed conversion of the treatments were 2.39, 2.76, 3.24 respectively and without solid as control was 2.36. It is concluded that diet containing as much as 12.5% of solid can be used in broiler ration. Key Words: Solid, Broiler Chickens, Performance

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Ahmadi Riyanto

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