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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

WARTAZOA
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 02166461 EISSN : 23546832 DOI : 10.14334

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 785 Documents

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Factors Affecting Twinning and the Impacts of Twinning in Cattle Lisa Praharani
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 29, No 1 (2019): March2019
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Efforts to increase cattle production can be done through increasing the population and productivity of cattle, one of which is through the birth of two offsprings per parent (twin). The incidence of twinning in cattle ranged 1-10%, and influenced by genetic/breed, parity, management, season of breeding. This paper presented factors and technology that increase twinning rate and the impacts of twin births in cattle. There are genetic and non genetic factors affecting twinning rate. Increased twin births can be done through some technologies such as selection, reproduction and management. The problems in twinnings are the high incidence of abortion, early embryonic loss, distochia, retained placenta, metabolic disorders, and ketosis resulting in longer calving interval. Intensive management to dam bearing twins can reduce the problems. Economically, the profits of twinning are different between beef and dairy cattle. Twin births give benefit to beef cattle farming through the increase in total weaning per cattle. The pros and cons of twin births occur in dairy cows farming, especially on milk production.

The Use of Vitrification Method For Cryopreservation of Mammalian Oocyte Fitra Aji Pamungkas
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 20, No 3 (2010): SEPTEMBER 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Technique cryopreservation of oocyte is a way to storage, maintenance, and guarantee the survival of frozen cells. Vitrification is a cryopreservation method which is increasingly popular in reproduction but it is still difficult to be done because of the size, shape, and numbers of oocytes, as well as osmotic shock and fractures. The efforts to improve the method and technique vitrification are by reducing the concentration of cryoprotectants, increasing the cooling rate and warming, recovery of meiotic spindles, and the time of fertilization. Vitrification solution consist of 15% (v/v) ethylene glycol, 15% (v/v) dimethylsulfoxide or 1,2-propanediol, and 0.5 mol/L sucrose was less toxic. Therefore, at 37°C, 2 – 3 minutes are usually used for the pretreatment solution and 20 – 30 seconds for exposure to the vitrification solution. In contrast, at room temperature, 5 – 15 minutes are commonly used for pretreatment and 30 – 60 seconds for exposure to the vitrification solution. Warming procedure is performed by direct immersion of the straw into a water bath. Holding the straw in air for 5 seconds before immersion can avoid bursting or performed warming and dilution at 37°C. While the time of fertilization performed at 2 – 3 hours after thawing and incubation for oocyte spindle to recover which is essential for the successful of oocyte cryopreservation program. Key words: Cryopreservation, vitrification, oocyte

Potential Development of Bioindustry in Cattle and Oil Palm Integration System Gunawan .; Chalid Talib
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 2 (2014): JUNE 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

An integrated system between cattle and oil palm plantation has a great potency for development of bioindustry, either in the form of animal feed or organic fertilizer bioindustry. Bioindustry of cattle feed is developed from biomass of plantations, such as stem and leaves of palm, palm kernel and solid. Bioindustry of organic fertilizer is developed from cattle manure. The targets of development of bioindustry are palm plantations in Sumatera and Kalimantan regions, covering 9.25 million hectares. It is estimated to be able to produce biomass quantity as much as 54.60 million tons per year which can be used as fodder for 12.13 million animal unit (AU) of beef cattle, whereas currently there are only 3.06 million AU cattle in Sumatera and Kalimantan, so the opportunities for the addition of cattle in both islands are 9.07 million AU. The existing beef cattle population of 3.06 million AU has the potency to produce 6.1 million tons of organic fertilizer can be used to fertilize 3.0 million hectares, therefore the rest of 6.25 million hectares remain unfertilised. The prospect of bioindustries on integration system of cattle with oil palm plantations in Sumatera and Kalimantan is very potential to meet the needs of organic fertilizer for plants and to utilize oil palm biomass for cattle feed. Key words: Bioindustry, biomass of oil palm plantation, cattle manure

Application of Sexing Technology in The Artificial Insemination Program and Cow Calf Operation Kusuma Diwyanto; Herliantien .
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 16, No 4 (2006): DECEMBER 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

In order to enhance cattle productivity and production, especially to support the cow calf operation, it is a need to have an application on innovative technology, such as spermatozoa sexing . Technology is more relevant nowadays due to the one of priority program in artificial insemination to increase genetic quality of cattle in Indonesia. Artificial Insemination Institute in Singosari had produced and commercialized thousands of straw with good results . The quality of frozen semen from those sexing sperm was very good, indicated with more than 40% rate of motility . By August 2006, 33 male calves out of 47 animals from the Y frozen semen (70 .2 1%) and 29 female calves out of 30 animals from the X frozen semen (96.66%) . The results shown that S/C reached 1 .71 and CR for 56.45% for its sexing frozen semen, which means these results are equal to the success of artificial program with unsexing frozen semen . Key words : Sexing technology, cow calf operation, artificial insemination

The Overview of Japanese Encephalitis and Nipah Diseases Indrawati Sendow
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 10, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

An outbreak of encephalitis in Malaysia, caused a panic among Veterinary and animal husbandry expert internationally in late 1998. Suspected Japanese encephalitis (JE) had been eliminated after an intensif investigation to diagnose the outbreak. The result indicated that Nipah virus played an important role caused the outbreak. Controversion on causative agent between JE and Nipah leads to further discussion on the difference and similarities between JE and Nipah from different aspects included their aetiology, clinical signs, host, diagnosis and control the disease. Keywords: Japanese encephalitis, nipah

Ecosystems Potency of Small and Outer Islands of Indonesia for Beef Cattle Farming Development Ismeth Inounu; E. Martindah; R A Saptati; A Priyanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 4 (2007): DECEMBER 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Indonesian archipelago consists of five main islands and more than seventeen thousand of small islands. These small islands are very effective as natural barrier to the spread of contagious animal diseases. This situation is very advantageous to develop many programs such as beef cattle farming to support beef self sufficient program in 2010. However, there are some constraints in developing of these small islands, namely human resources, natural resources, infrastructure, mean of communications and transportations and lack of intra sector integrated coordination. In taking the advantageous of developing small islands as a screening base and quarantine area, animal production technologies and veterinary science are much needed. The development can be done in integration with transmigration development program so that the beef cattle development could become source of income and job opportunity for the transmigran and local inhabitant as well. Beef cattle farming scheme are recommended by doing cow-calf operation or fattening. Political support from government and legislative are needed in establishment of infrastructure in the area chosen as beef cattle farming location. Besides, it need facilitations in land procurement for beef cattle farming, legal aspect, supports of law enforcement, simple regulation in land used and zone management planning, regulation in controlling beef importation, and credit with minimum interest rate. Key words: Small islands, beef cattle, policy

Assessment of Integrated Farming System of Beef Cattle in South Sulawesi Matheus Sariubang; Andi Ella; A Nurhayu; Daniel Pasambe
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 12, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Increase productivity of beef cattle can be done as integrated in the farming systems, where beef cattle has optimized the use of straw agricultural. Like rice straw, rice bran, stalk and corn bran, with legumes. In addition, beef cattle's feces could be used as compost to organic fertilizer for paddy and crops planted. The assessment was conducted in Takalar and Barru district with two farmer's group. In Takalar district of has implemented the collective stable, while that in Barru district was the individual stable. Result showed that aplication non limited rice straw + 3 kg refined rice bran + 10 g mineral (salt + manure SP 36) could increased body weight up to 0.41 kg/head/day in Barru district, and substitution in organic fertilizer (recommendation manure) with organic fertilizer on paddy has reached up to 6.50 ton/ha (1 ton organic manure + 127.8 kg urea + 100 kg ZA + 8.3 kg SP 36 + 41.7 KCl) and 6.37 ton/Ha (150 kg urea + 100 kg ZA + 50 kg SP 36 + 50 kg KCl). Key words: Farming system, beef cattle, organic fertilizer

Conservation of Poultry Germplasm Through Cryopreservation of Primordial Germ Cells (PGCs) A R Setioko
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 2 (2008): JUNE 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Indonesia has abundantly available genetic potential of local poultry that needs to be conserved for future use of poultry development. Live conservation of poultry, both in-situ and ex-situ, would be very expensive and has a risk of mortality due to diseases such as avian influenza. Cryopreservation of Primordial Germ Cells (PGCs), which are progenitor of eggs and spermatozoa, provides an alternative way to preserve both male and female genetic materials in poultry. PGCs in poultry can be specifically harvested from blatoderm or blood embryo, and preserved in a liquid nitrogen similar to sperm, ovum and embryo in large ruminant. Technique for producing germline chimeric chicken has been established by transferring PGCs into the circulated blood embryo where the original PGCs have been removed or inactivated. Mating of germline chimeras yields offsprings that are derived entirely from the donor stock. Conservation of genetic materials of Indonesian indigenous poultry through preservation of PGCs could be used for future poultry improvement. Key words: Genetic resources, conservation, poultry, PGCs, chimera

Genetic Improvement of Milk Quantity and Milk Quality in Holstein Friesian Cattle by Selection Anneke Anggraeni
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 22, No 1 (2012): MARCH 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Milk yield and milk quality are essential in determining the development of national dairy industry. Domestic fresh milk is largely produced by Holstein Friesian cows. There is a wide variation of the genetic ability of cows to produce milk or bulls to transmit milk, thus giving the opportunity for the improvement of milk production trait through selection. Milk yield as one of the quantitative traits, in the genetic evaluation, is estimated based on a breeding value. Breeding value can be estimated accurately through appropriate selection methods and by considering various non-genetic factors influencing milk production. This paper focuses the discussion on milk selection methods, which are very commonly done in dairy cattle. To produce superior dairy breeding cattle, selection for the bulls were done by progeny testing method, whereas selection for cows were commonly by individual selection method and their siblings. A number of internal environment factors should be considered in the genetic evaluation of milk production, through the development of appropiate correction factors, thereby increasing the accuracy of the estimated breeding values. The quality of milk especially milk protein contents, in the future, will get more attention from consumers. Therefore, selection should be directed also to improve milk protein components. The existence of major genes controlling on milk protein contents is expected to be the effective way in increasing milk protein yield in domestic HF cow. Selection of superior breeding dairy cattle in producing high milk protein contents is done through the identification of polymorphism of milk protein genes, providing casein and whey family genes. Key words: Holstein Friesian, selection, milk yield, milk protein

Taeniasis and Cysticercosis as A Zoonotic Parasitic Disease Sarwitri Endah Estuningsih
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 2 (2009): JUNE 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Taeniasis is a parasitic disease caused by tapeworms from the genus Taenia, and infection with the larvae form of Taenia is called Cysticercosis. Some species of Taenia are zoonotic, and humans serve as the definitive host, the intermediate host or both. Humans are the definitive hosts for Taenia solium, T. saginata and T. asiatica, however, humans also act as an intermediate host for T. solium and T. asiatica. Animals, such as pigs, are the intermediate host for T. solium and T. asiatica, and cattle are the intermediate host for T. saginata. Humans can be infected by taeniasis when they eat beef or pork that contains larvae (cysticercus). While, cysticercosis is transmitted via food or water contaminated with the eggs of Taenia spp. The transmission may also occur by autoinfection due to lack of hygiene. The diagnosis of taeniasis based on finding the eggs or proglotid in the human feces. For diagnosing cysticercosis in live animals can be done by tongue palpation to find the presence of cysts or nodules. Serological test may also help for diagnosing cysticercosis in humans or animals. Adult tapeworms in the intestine can be killed by anthelmintic and prevention of taeniasis can be conducted by avoiding raw or undercooked pork (T. solium and T. asiatica) and beef (T. saginata). Besides that, to prevent the infection of T. solium, T. saginata or T. asiatica, pigs or cattle should not be exposed to human feces. Key words: Taeniasis, cysticercosis, zoonotic, pig, cattle

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Jawa barat

INDONESIA