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Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 20878273     EISSN : 24606278     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture (JITAA) is a double blind peer-reviewed publication devoted to disseminate all information contributing to the understanding and development of animal agriculture in the tropics by publication of original research papers
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 676 Documents
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Electroencephalogram, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase responses during preslaughter handling in goats handled by trained and untrained handlers Kumar, P.; Abubakar, A. A.; Adewale, M. A.; Hayat, M. N.; Adamu, G.; Ajat, M.; Goh, Y-M.; Kaka, U.; Sazili, A. Q.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.3.215-223

Abstract

The present study evaluated the effect of training to livestock handlers on electroencephalogram (EEG) and plasma enzymes levels during preslaughter handling in goats. Six handlers were divided into three groups viz., trained (T-trained in basic animal handling practices, animal behavior, and animal welfare principles), contact trained (CT-not trained directly but interacted and saw the working of trained handlers), and untrained (UT-no formal training). Eighteen Boer cross bucks were used in the study by following a cross-over design and electroencephalogram spectrum, creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentrations were recorded before handling (in lairage) and after handling (at slaughter point). The training of livestock handlers had a significant (p<0.05) effect on the total power (Ptot) and median frequency (MF) of the EEG spectrum. Whereas no significant (p>0.05) change was recorded in the alpha, beta, delta, theta, and gamma bands activity. The goats handled by trained handlers exhibited significantly (p<0.05) lower CK and LDH concentrations than goats handled by CT and UT handlers, thereby indicating higher preslaughter stress in goats handled by CT and UT groups. Therefore, the current study emphasizes the significance of providing training to livestock handlers in order to mitigate preslaughter stress levels in goats.
SNPs in splicing region and miRNA binding region of Bos taurus TREM-1 gene reveals its association with mastitis N. S. Pandupuspitasari; F. A. Khan; A. Setiaji; D. A. Lestari; Z. Shujun
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 48, No 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.4.306-314

Abstract

Proper splicing is important for the functioning of a gene, and any interruption in splicing causes several deleterious events. Triggering receptors present on myeloid cells, TREM-1, are implicated in inflammation and act as amplifiers by mediating the release of proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines in response to fungal and bacterial infections. In bovines, mastitis is an inflammatory disease in which mammary gland inflammation is generally caused by bacteria. We found rs109937179 and rs208224995 SNPs in the splicing and miRNA binding region of TREM-1 gene in Chinese Holstein cows. The genotype distribution of the alleles for TREM-1 (rs109937179 and rs208224995) gene polymorphisms was investigated in 364 and 320 Chinese Holstein cows, respectively. We found that the GG genotype of the rs109937179 polymorphism and rs208224995 genotype of CA within the TREM-1 gene were associated with an increased risk of mastitis. Importantly, rs109937179 was found in the splicing region of TREM-1, and rs208224995 has a miRNA binding region for bta-miR- 2329-3p in the 3'UTR, which determines its effective roles in gene expression regulation.
The effect of stocking density and crude protein level on performance, carcass characteristics, nitrogen use, and ammonia emissions of the Indonesian native chickens Hantoro, F. R. P.; Sunarti, D.; Yudiarti, T.; Sumarsih, S.; Sinurat, A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.2.157-168

Abstract

This was study aimed to investigate the impact of stocking density and crude protein level on the performance, carcass characteristics, nitrogen (N) use, and ammonia emissions of Sentul Selected (Sensi)-1 Agrinak chickens. A total of 504 chickens were used in the 70-day analysis using a random ized block design with factorial pattern of 3 × 3 which was arranged in nine treatments and four repli cates. The administered treatment covered two factors, including stocking density (A) and crude pro tein level (B). The treatments were administered when chickens reached 5 weeks of age. The results showed that different stocking density significantly influenced (p<0.05) the average weekly feed con sumption per chicken at 6, 7, 8, and 9 weeks, but not at 5, 6, and 10 weeks. However, varying crude protein levels showed no significant effect on carcass weight, giblet weight, and total edible parts. There was also no significant interaction observed between stocking density and crude protein level in relation to carcass weight and edible parts. Furthermore, no significant differences were found in giblet and carcass weights between the two groups (p>0.05). The results showed that feeding Sensi-1 Agrinak chickens with a lower crude protein level of up to 14% did not compromise their performance, meat quality, protein digestibility, or ammonia emissions, but affected carcass characteristics.
Exploring the potential of natural feed additives from herbs as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters for Mojosari layer duck (Anas javanica) farming: in-silico and in-vivo studies I. H. Djunaidi; C. A. Damayanti; S. Wibowo; O. Sjofjan
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 48, No 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.4.243-257

Abstract

Using synthetic feed additive, such as antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs), is common in Mojosari layer duck (Anas javanica) farms. Their purpose is to enhance growth and productivity. However, the indiscriminate use of AGPs has been associated with the emergence of bacterial resistance. This leads to lingering effects and potential health hazards for poultry and consumers. In light of these concerns, natural herb feed additives have emerged as an alternative strategy to AGPs in poultry feed. The active compounds in natural feed additives can improve feed efficiency and enhance production performance, resulting in higher-quality poultry products, especially eggs. However, it is known that the active compounds in phytobiotics derived from herbs contain anti-nutrients that can affect productivity and alpha-amylase in poultry. This study was aimed to investigate the interconnection between active compounds in phytobiotics and alpha-amylase using in-silico methods and verify the findings with field data using in-vivo methods. Alpha-Amylase is a vital enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the glycosidic bonds present in glycogen, resulting in the formation of maltose, a water-soluble disaccharide. Based on the results of docking involving nine phytobiotic compounds and their interaction with glycogen, it was observed that andrographidine E showed a binding affinity of 8.8 kcal/mol. Furthermore, these compounds form conventional hydrogen bonds, facilitated the formation of stable bonds between proteins and compounds. In particular, the interacting amino acids did not exhibit unfavourable bonds. Therefore, andrographidine E was more stable compared to other compounds. Nonetheless, the results show that several compounds have weaker binding affinity than the enzyme's binding to glycogen. However, the hydrophobic binding types of these compounds did not seem to impact the performance of the alpha-amylase enzyme, as demonstrated by in vivo data.
Evaluation of epididymal and frozen sperm to produce goat embryos through in vitro fertilization AbdElkhalek, A. S.; Ghanem, N.; Soliman, M. G.; Abu El Naga, N. A.; Kamel, A. M.; Shedeed, H. A.; El Bahrawy, K. A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.2.108-116

Abstract

Preservation of the livestock genetic makeup could be performed by application of in vitro fertilization (IVF) using spermatozoa collected from cauda epididymis. Therefore, this study as sessed the development of goat embryos following IVF of spermatozoa collected from cauda epididy mis compared to those kept frozen. Oocytes were in vitro cultured in a maturation medium for 24 hours at a temperature of 38.5°C, 5% CO2, and 95% humidity. Following maturation, the oocytes (n = 370) were in vitro fertilized by fresh epididymal sperm (G1) and G2 frozen-thawed sperm, and the Fert-TALP medium was used as the IVF medium. In addition, in vitro developed embryos were cultured in GT-L medium. The fertilization rate, percentage of morula, and blastocytes (p<0.01) were significantly higher in oocytes inseminated with epididymal than in frozen sperm. In conclusion, in vitro embryo production of goat oocytes may be successfully performed using epididymal spermatozoa for IVF.
The impact of selenium yeast and vitamin E in blood profile and egg production of laying hens at the end of egg production period Ismoyowati, I.; Rosidi, R.; Hidayat, N.; Yakubu, M. A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.1.41-50

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of selenium yeast and vitamin E supplementation on hematological parameters, egg production, and quality in laying hens aged beyond 94 weeks. The experiment adhered to ethical regulations and employed a Completely Randomized Design Dietary treatments included a basal diet (T0), or a basal diet supplemented with 0.450 mg selenium yeast and 100 mg vitamin E (T1), 0.675 mg selenium yeast and 100 mg vitamin E (T2), 0.450 mg selenium yeast and 200 mg vitamin E (T3), 0.675 mg selenium yeast and 200 mg vitamin E per kg diet (T4). There were 125 hens divided in five treatments and five replicates that contained five hens per replicate. Hematological parameters, egg production, and egg quality were determined. The T4 treatment reduced red blood cell counts (P<0.05), potentially impacting erythropoiesis. The T3 treatment increased lymphocyte content and decreased heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (P<0.05), which concurs with an increase in egg weight, egg mass, and Haugh Unit, and decreased feed conversion ratio (P<0.05). Thus, this study demonstrated that incorporating these supplements with the specified dosage (0.450 mg selenium yeast and 200 mg vitamin E per kg diet) in aged laying hens can enhance productivity and egg quality at the end of the production cycle.
The potency of sericin as an alternative protein in collection and maturation media to support in vitro bovine oocyte maturation Karja, N. W. K.; Satrio, F. A.; Setiyono, A.; Prasetyaningtyas, W. E.; Fahrudin, M.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.3.224-230

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potency of sericin as a substitute for BSA (bovine serum albumin) to support the in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes. Cumulus-oocytes complexes were collected with BSA or 0,1% sericin, and then matured either in media with BSA or sericin. The maturation rate was evaluated based on the meiotic status of oocytes. The incidence of DNA fragmentation in oocytes was assessed by TUNEL. The percentage of oocytes reaching the MII stage in the media either with BSA or sericin was significantly higher than those of oocytes collected and matured in BSA only. Although the maturation rate of oocytes collected with BSA and then matured with sericin was comparable to oocytes in BSA-BSA groups (P>0.05) the rate was similar to oocytes collected with sericin and then even matured with BSA or sericin (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of DNA fragmentation among the treatment groups (P>0.05), the indices of DNAfragmented oocytes were found around 17-20 %. In conclusion, Sericin has the potency to replace BSA as a source of protein either in collection media and/or in maturation media as well as potentially preventing the incidence of DNA fragmentation in oocytes.
Moringa oleifera leaf for replacing protein portion of soybean meal in the diet of young growing meat goats J. Achmadi; E. Pangestu; S. Surahmanto; A. Muktiani; S. Sutrisno; M. Christiyanto; S. Surono; L. K. Nuswantara; A. Subrata
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 48, No 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.4.315-321

Abstract

In vitro ruminal feed fermentability test and feeding experiment were conducted to clarify the substitution of soybean meal with Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOlp) in the diet of young growing goats. Five M. oleifera based feeds were studied in the test of in vitro ruminal fermentability: 0% MOlp, 25% MOlp, 50% MOlp, 75% MOlp and 100% MOlp. All feeds were designed to be isoprotein and isoenergy, containing 20% crude protein and 71 - 75% TDN. In the feeding experiment, three dietary experiments were offered to young growing Jawarandhu goats, aged 3 – 5 months with average body weight of 10 kg. The dietary experiments were 0% MOlp, 25% MOlp and 75% MOlp. All dietary experiments were designed to be isoprotein and isoenergy, containing 20% crude protein and 71 - 75% TDN. Result of the in vitro ruminal feed fermentability test showed that feed dry matter and crude protein digestibilities, ruminal concentrations of total VFA and NH3, and total ruminal protein production increased (p<0.05) in line with the level of MOlp in the experimental feeds. Result of feeding experiment revealed that nutrient intakes and body weight gain were not different (p>0.05) among treatment groups. Blood concentrations of protein, urea, ammonia, glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol were similar in all groups. The dietary treatment did not effect significantly (p>0.05) on some hematological parameters. M. oleifera leaf could replace protein portion of soybean meal in the diet of young growing meat goats without negative effect on productive performances.
The awareness and behaviour’s farmer towards highly pathogenic avian influenza prevention in Tra Vinh, Vietnam Qui, N. H.; Anh Thu, N. T.; Linh, N.T.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.2.169-180

Abstract

Disease outbreaks are partly the direct result of the expansion of poultry flocks. To understand farmers’ behaviours, their awareness of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), the study was con ducted. A total of 150 farms in three districts of Tra Vinh Province were included. Purposive sampling was used to choose respondents who have at least 20 poultry heads and a three-year operation. Descrip tive and multiple regression analyses were used to analyze data. The findings indicated that most farm ers (65.3%) were males with an average age of 50 years. Farmers received < $100/month from poultry production. The farm scale of poultry business was less than 100 heads per farmer, and birds were reared traditionally, using by-products, floor feeding, and no automatic watering systems. Selling broil ers dominated, whereas egg sales were uncommon and were generally reserved for domestic use. In addition, farmers were aware of HPAI prevention (>90% were, poor knowledge that was not validat ed). Additionally, farmers' awareness significantly increased by the enhancement in education, training, income, and full-time employment at poultry farms. It can be concluded that the small-scale poultry farming employs traditional practices with a keen awareness of infectious diseases. However, to raise farmers' awareness, strategies should concentrate on profession, education, training, and income.
Grounding the economic selection index for evaluation and selection of dairy cattle S. Ruban; V. Danshyn; M. Matvieiev; I. Lastovska; O. O. Borshch; O. V. Borshch; V. Bilkevych; M. Fedorchenko; V. Lykhach
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 48, No 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.4.258-268

Abstract

The aim of the research was to develop a selection index for the evaluation and selection of dairy cattle for increasing milk production and reproductive traits. Materials of the research were data on milk production and reproduction of cows of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed in commercial farm in Kharkiv region. Studies showed that there was a certain antagonism between milk productivity and reproduction of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cow. The coefficients of phenotypic correlation between milk yield, fat and protein yield and the days open ranged from +0.284 to +0.293. Selection indexes were built, which included protein, fat yield, and days open. The developed selection indexes were characterized by a high relationship with the protein yield (α<0.001), much lower – with the fat yield (α<0.05), while the relationship of the selection indexes with the days open was almost absent. The calculated estimates of correlation and regression coefficients made possible to predict correlated responses of milk production and reproduction traits on selection index. The results showed that the developed selection indexes allow increase the milk production of cows and at the same time to prevent decrease in the level of reproduction.

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