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Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 20878273     EISSN : 24606278     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture (JITAA) is a double blind peer-reviewed publication devoted to disseminate all information contributing to the understanding and development of animal agriculture in the tropics by publication of original research papers
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 676 Documents
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Evaluation of enzymatic antioxidant activity and reproductive hormones near and after lambing in pregnant ewes Abbas, M. F.; Alsalim, H. A.; Hasan, N. S.; Abbas, H. R.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.2.117-124

Abstract

The current study examined the levels of antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione (GSH), and Malondialdehyde (MDA) and repro ductive hormones (progesterone, estrogen, and cortisol) in pregnant local breed ewes and after lambing in the Basrah governorate. Twenty ewes were used in this study from several fields in the Basrah gov ernorate. Blood sample collection was done in three different periods, pre-lambing, immediately after lambing, and two weeks after lambing. The result showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in SOD, CAT, and GSH-px activity before and during lambing compared to after lambing. The results also con firmed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the level of GSH pre and during lambing compared to after lambing. While evaluating, the level of MDA revealed a significant increase (p<0.05) in its level dur ing lambing compared to two weeks after lambing. Hormonal analysis showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the levels of cortisol and estradiol pre and during lambing compared to after lambing, with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the levels of progesterone after lambing compared to before lambing. This study concluded that during lambing, ewes were under stress factors, and an internal mechanism represented by enzymatic antioxidants like SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px acted actively during this period to neutralize the side effects of stress.
Morphometric traits, carcass characteristics and biochemical composition of meat between local and synthetic Algerian rabbit genotypes Sanah, I.; Boudjellal, A.; Becila, S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.1.51-66

Abstract

The aim of this research was to study the genetic and sex effects on morphometric traits, carcass characteristics and biochemical composition of rabbit meat of two Algerian breeds, local population and synthetic line (ITELV2006). For this purpose, 60 animals (30 per group) from 90 d of age were used. The body weight and the morphometric traits recorded were determined using a digital weighing scale and flexible tape. At slaughter, carcass traits, and biochemical meat quality characteristics such us protein, fat, ash, moisture content and fatty acids composition were measured. The results obtained revealed that the synthetic line has higher values of morphometric measurements than the local breed. The sex factor and the interaction genotype X sex had a significant effect only on chest circumference (P < 0.05). It is also observed, that the majority of carcass characteristics were more affected by genetic than by genetics. Which body weight at slaughter of males and females derived from synthetic lines were 41% and 22% higher than local rabbits respectively. Furthermore, the new line displayed a good meat yield (60%) with a higher mean value (+ 5%) of dressing out % rather than the local one. Regarding, the proximate biochemical composition of meat, the synthetic line has shown also the highest content of protein and fat (P < 0.05). Concerning with fatty acids profile; the local breed exhibited the highest content of n3 and n6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3 and n6 PUFAs), consequently, the lower value of n-6: n-3 ratio (9.82) and the highest value of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids (PUFAs/SFAs: 0.73). Finally, it should be emphasized that the relevant differences recorded in this experiment are assumed to be primarily genetic, thus, sex might be regarded as a minor factor. The synthetic showed better characteristics due to its genetic potential. Therefore, it is recommended to be used for Algerian meat production.
The reduction of fat deposition in broiler chickens fed diet containing modified rice bran tempeh Santoso, U.; Fenita, Y.; Kususiyah, K.; Fahmi, Z. O.; Restu, A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.3.231-238

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of modified rice bran tempeh on performance, carcass quality, organoleptic properties, fat deposition, and nutritional meat composition in broiler. This research used a completely randomized design. Two hundred broilers (a male to female ratio of 1:1) were divided into 4 treatment groups with 5 replications for each treatment, as follows: P1 = Feed without modified rice bran tempeh; P2 = Feed with 20% rice bran tempeh; P3 = Feed with 20% modified rice bran tempeh; and; P4 = Feed with 25% modified rice bran tempeh. The experimental results showed that all treatment groups had similar performance. The treatments significantly reduced (P<0.05) abdominal fat and total fat deposition. In addition, the treatments also significantly reduced meat fat and ash content (P<0.01), but it significantly increased (P<0.01) moisture contents. It was concluded that feeding 20% or 25% modified rice bran tempeh reduced meat fat content and fat deposition without reducing broiler performance.
Addition of soybean meal extract with Lactobacillus plantarum in rations on protein digestibility and performance of broiler chickens R. Afro&#039;; V. D. Y. B. Ismadi; L. Krismiyanto; M. Mulyono
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 48, No 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.4.322-336

Abstract

This study examined the effect of adding soybean meal extract (SME) and Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) on protein digestibility and performance of broiler chickens. The material used was 8-day-old Cobb CP 707 strain broilers with a body weight of 137.89 ± 3.7 g. This study used a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 4 replicates, with each replicate of 8 birds. The treatments were T0: basal diet (control), T1: basal diet + LP 1.2%, T2: basal diet + SME 0.15%, T3: basal diet + SME 0.30%, T4: basal diet + SME 0.15% + LP 1.2%, T5: basal ration + SME 0.30% + LP 1.2%. Parameters measured were the performance of broiler chickens, lactic acid bacteria population, Escherichia coli population, intestinal pH, protein consumption, protein digestibility, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that the addition of SME and Lactobacillus plantarum in the ration had a significant effect (P <0.05) on total daily weight gain, total daily feed intake, total feed conversion, lactic acid bacteria population, Escherichia coli population, intestinal pH, protein consumption, protein digestibility, and antioxidant activity. Significantly higher total daily weight gains were observed in T5 (54.09 g) compared to T3 (51.27 g), T2 (46.98 g), T1 (46.64 g), and T0 (45.56 g). Total daily feed intake of T5 (79.94 g) was significantly higher those of T2 (74.52 g), T1 (74.17 g), and T0 (74.89 g). Feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in T5 (1.48) compared to the others, but not different from T4 (1.54). The LAB population of T5 (10.26 log cfu/g) was significantly higher than those of T2 (8.98 log cfu/g), T1 (8.99 log cfu/g), and T0 (6.99 log cfu/g). The Escherichia coli population of T5 (1.50 log cfu/g) was significantly lower than T1 (2.40 log cfu/g) and T0 (4.54 log cfu/g). Intestinal pH of T5 (5.90) was significantly lower than the others, but not different from T4 (5.91). Protein consumption of T5 (17.14 g) was significantly higher than T2 (15.98 g), T1 (15.90 g), and T0 (16.00 g), and protein digestibility of T5 (88.53%) was significantly higher than T2 (85.42%), T1 (82.92%), and T0 (80.37%). Malondialdehyde of T5 (0.80 nmol/ml) was significantly lower than T2 (1.01 nmol/ml), T1 (1.03 nmol/ml), and T0 (1.27 nmol/ml). Superoxide dismutase of T5 (21.43 U/ml) was significantly higher than all treatments. The study concludes that adding soybean meal extract with 0.30% and Lactobacillus plantarum 1,2% (T5) was effective in increasing protein digestibility and optimizing performance in broiler chickens.
Conditioned media and DMSO enhance the cryopreservation of bovine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells Irfan, S.; Suyatno, S.; Zulfiqar, H.; Lestari, D. A.; Hafid, A.; Kostaman, T.; Herdis, H.; Priyatno, T. P.; Sitaresmi, P. I.; Hudaya, M. F.; Lupitasari, F. B. I.; Pangestu, M.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.2.181-190

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (AD-MSCs) show great potential for repro ductive biotechnology in the livestock sector. However, enzyme-based isolation of MSCs is expensive and time-consuming, so it is still rarely done, especially for applications in the livestock sector in de veloping countries. So, MSCs must be cryopreserved with an efficient cryoprotective agent to be stored and reproduced in various laboratories after isolation. This study was aimed to optimize the cryopreser vation media for adipose-derived MSCs in cattle. This study evaluated the viability, proliferation, and morphology of AD-MSCs. The results of this study indicate that a combination of 10% DMSO, 45% DMEM, and 45% conditioned media significantly improves post-thaw viability, proliferation, and sur vival as compared to other mediums. Furthermore, AD-MSCs cryopreserved in this medium exhibit similar morphology as fresh cells. These findings suggest that the optimized cryopreservation medium can enhance the quality and safety of AD-MSCs for clinical applications in the livestock industry.
Histopathological study and molecular characterization of Infectious Bronchitis virus circulating in broilers in Basrah governorate, Iraq N. H. Megdad; W. M. Seger; Y. J. Mohammed
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 48, No 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.4.269-281

Abstract

The poultry industry plays an important role in the food economics and the food industry in both their layer and broiler chicken. Poultry diseases on the other way impact in the poultry industry especially diseases from virus sources since it does not have a specific treatment except for vaccines with routine prevention and control. This study was designed for the assessment of histopathological changes, molecular diagnosis and phylogenetic analyses of the Infectious Bronchitis virus circulating in broilers in Basrah province in the south of Iraq. The tissue samples were (trachea, lung and kidney). One hundred samples were studied with clinical signs and lesions related to IB. The histopathological changes caused by the virus were studied with hematoxylin and eosin stain, and the causative agent Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) was identified using a polymerase chain reaction combined with explaining the phylogenetic analysis. The results of molecular diagnosis and identification showed the twelve Iraqi field strains of IBV were closely related and shared a high identity of 98.44 %- 99.69 % of each other. Variant 2(IS/1494 like) was a predominant genotype of IBV in the present study, and has high similarity with the variant 2(IS/1494) like a strain of IBV circulating in Iran and in the Kurdistan region north of Iraq. The histopathological findings were desquamation of the cilia of the mucosa layer of the trachea, infiltration of inflammatory cells, hyperplasia of goblet cells with thickening of mucosal layer in some areas infiltration of inflammatory exudate within capillaries and Para bronchus, where the microscopic results in kidney were showed interstitial hemorrhage, necrosis of the renal tubular epithelium, infiltration of inflammatory cell. The present results provided useful information on target organs damaged by IBV and the genetic epidemiology of such virus strains circulating in Basrah governorate Iraq during this year that would be helpful to develop a local vaccine.
Polymorphism of BGN gene (g.77807325 G>C) and its association with fatty acid and carcass characteristics of Indonesian meat lamb Amin, M. F.; Sumantri, C.; Arief, I. I.; Jayanegara, A.; Listyarini, K.; Harahap, R. S.; Gunawan, A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.2.125-134

Abstract

Fatty acid content and carcass characteristics are two meat quality traits consumers choose to ob tain healthy and high-quality lamb. Genetic improvement of fatty acid content and carcass characteris tics in sheep is important to increase the public appeal of lamb meat. The Biglycan gene (BGN) is a gene that functions to regulate the growth and maintenance of connective tissues, such as bone and cartilage. This study examined the polymorphism of the BGN gene to get a deeper understanding of the correlation between fatty acid content and carcass traits in Indonesian sheep. The PCR-RFLP ap proach was used to detect polymorphism in the BGN gene in meat samples obtained from the longissi mus dorsi region of 115 rams aged between 10 and 12 months. The General Linear Model (GLM) was used test to analyze genotyping through association studies between genotypes and phenotypic attrib utes. The results indicated that the carcass' fatty acid composition, including tridecanoic acid (C13:0), arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), as well as the BGN gene with SNP point g. 77807325 G>C (GG and CC genotypes), were significantly (P<0.05) related to these traits. Genotype GG was more associated with carcass percentage traits than other genotypes, whereas genotype CC was best associated with carcass length traits. The BGN gene with SNP point g. 77807325 G>C can be a potential genetic marker for selecting fatty acid (tridecanoic acid C13:0), pol yunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), arachidonic acid), carcass percentage, and carcass length in sheep meat in Indonesia.
DNA variants and population structure of Magelang ducks across generation Febriana, A.; Kurnianto, E.; Sutopo, S.; Lestari, D. A.; Setiaji, A.; Sugiharto, S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.1.67-77

Abstract

Magelang ducks (MD) are Indonesian local ducks and are known as dual-purpose type ducks which have high egg production, duck day production (DDP), and body weight size. Nowadays, the MD is selected to establish the pure line to advance the egg production trait in the Breeding and Rearing Center of Non-Ruminant Animals Banyubiru, Central Java. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Dloop region, is highly polymorphic and could be used to analyze the population genetics. The present research aims to examine the impacts of continuous selection on population structure and genetic mutations on MD across two generations using the mtDNA D-loop region. Thirty-six blood samples from the second (G2) and third (G3) generations were examined using the sequencing method. The MEGA X and DnaSP software were applied to calculate the genetic diversity, genetic distance, and to generate a phylogenetic tree. The number of haplotypes (H), haplotype diversity (Hd), and Tajima's D are 26, 0.9746, and -1.46, respectively. The Fst value of MD is 0.156. The genetic distance among populations ranges from 0.0000 – 2.097. The UPGMA analysis constructs one clade in a phylogenetic tree between MD, Indonesian local Ducks, Indian Ducks, Vietnamese Ducks, and Chinese Ducks. The study found that the genetic variation and population structure did not significantly change between the second and third generations.
Fat supplementation containing high palmitic acid enriched with lecithin on the performance, egg quality, and fatty acid profile of quail Yano, A. A.; Hermana, W.; Retnani, Y.; Syarif, I.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.3.239-251

Abstract

This study examined the effects of fat supplementation with high palmitic acid enriched with lecithin on the performance, egg quality, and fatty acid profile of quails. This study applied a completely randomized design to 330 female quails (Cortunix cortunix japonica) which were allocated into 5 different groups with 3 replicates of 22 birds. The groups were assigned as follows: T0 = commercial diet (control), T1 = commercial diet + 2.5% fat + 6% lecithin of added fat, T2 = commercial diet + 2.5% commercial fat, T3 = commercial diet + 5% fat + 6 % lecithin of added fat, T4 = commercial diet + 5% commercial fat. The results showed that the treatment group did not give effects on performances. However, the treatment group with fat level of 2.5% and 5% increased the score of egg yolk and eggshell thickness. Moreover, the treatment group decreased fat content in terms of saturated fatty acids and n-6/n-3 ratio of quail eggs. In conclusion, fat supplementation containing high palmitic acid enriched with lecithin proves effective in improving egg quality. However, the performance remains relatively similar across the groups.
Effect of in ovo injection of epigallocatechin-3 gallate and oleuropein on hatching, productive and physiological aspects of broiler chicks exposed to short heat stress Al-Shammari, K. I. A.; Zamil, S. J.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 49, No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.49.1.1-15

Abstract

This study was aimed to investigate the influence of in ovo injection (IO) into air cell (AC) or yolk sac (YS) of epigallocatechin-3 gallate (EG) and oleuropein (OL) as antioxidants on hatching, physiological and productive performance of heat-stressed chicks. 840 fertile eggs were chosen for IO on 12th day of incubation. Eggs were divided into 7 groups within 4 replications each as follows: negative control (NC) without IO and other groups involved IO of 100 μl distilled water and 5 mg each of EG and OL in both AC and YS sites of egg. After hatching, chicks were exposed to heat stress for 24 h and raised for 42 d. Compared with NC, the results revealed that main effect of IO with EG and OL increased (p≤0.05) hatchability and decreased deformed chicks and serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, corticosterone and heat shock protein 70 with enhancing feed efficiency, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and thyroxine in serum or liver. High chick length and relative chick weight with low serum protein carbonyl and feed intake were recorded (p≤0.05) by EG. Low rectal temperature and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio with high body weight were recordered (p≤0.05) by OL. No mainly altered effects between both IO sites on most variables measured. However, there were significant influences among interactive treatments which related to in ovo injected substance in an injection site-dependent manner. It is concluded that improved hatchability, physiological and productive characteristics of heat-stressed chicks were achieved by IO of EG and OL.

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