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Al-Ahkam
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang
ISSN : 08544603     EISSN : 25023209     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2022.32.1.8825
Core Subject : Religion, Social,
Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Al-AHKAM; is a peer-reviewed journal published by the Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo, Semarang in collaboration with the Indonesian Consortium of Shariah Scholars (KSSI). Al-AHKAM focuses on Islamic law with various perspectives. This journal, serving as a forum for studying Islamic law within its local and global context, supports focused studies of a particular theme and interdisciplinary studies. AL-AHKAM has been indexed in DOAJ, Google Scholar, and the Indonesia Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education (SINTA 2 - SK No. 164/E/KPT/2021). AL-AHKAM has become a CrossRef Member since the year 2016. Therefore, all articles will have a unique DOI number.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 371 Documents
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KRITERIA 29: CARA PANDANG BARU DALAM PENYUSUNAN KALENDER HIJRIYAH Setyanto, Hendro; Hamdani, Fahmi Fatwa Rosyadi Satria
Al-Ahkam Volume 25, Nomor 2, Oktober 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (220.368 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2015.25.2.602

Abstract

Hilāl is an early marker of the beginning of the Hijriyah/Qamariyah. The existence of the new moon was used as a reference in the preparation of a system of Islamic calendar. The issue of the new moon it is still be an interesting thing to be studied. In fact there is a lot of research and discussion related with hilāl issues. However, it still has not found an appropriate formula to be used as a reference in creating a standardized system of the Islamic calendar. Currently, there are several criteria that offered to make the calendar system. In this paper, will be presented criteria and other perspectives in formulating a Hijriyah calendar, called the Criteria 29. Some examples of simple calculations and discussions in determining the first day of month of the Hijriyah presented briefly. This elaboration of “Criteria 29” hopefully can give an idea and different viewpoints in order to develop Hijriyah calendar.
IJTIHAD ‘UMAR IBN AL-KHAṬṬĀB DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PROGRESIF Fitra, Tasnim Rahman
Al-Ahkam Volume 26, Nomor 1, April 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (195.047 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2016.26.1.705

Abstract

This article aims to describe ijtihad ‘Umar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb that have unique characteristics. The ijtihād of ‘Umar was based on the Qur'an and hadith, and the example of salaf al-ṣāliḥīn. The understanding of the naṣ is done by ‘Umar contextually, so as to produce ideas that suit with the needs of ummat and fair. With the comparative method, this paper further compares the ijtihād of ‘Umar with the concept of Progressive Law initiated by Satjipto Rahardjo because of their similar characteristics. The paradigm of Progressive Law is that the law solely to humans, so the law must be present for human’s maṣlaḥat. It’s also reject the status quo in the law. Between the ijtihad of ‘Umar and the Progressive laws in general have similar characteristics, both in terms of interest and the position of man as the subject of law. They are also similar in terms of potential legal reform in accordance with the times, change of venue, and the socio-historical conditions. The fundamental difference of both lies in the meanings of maṣlaḥat and the maṣlaḥat standardization.Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan ijtihad ‘Umar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb yang memiliki karakteristik yang unik. Ijtihad ‘Umar didasarkan pada al-Qur’an dan hadis, dan apa yangdicontohkan orang saleh sebelumnya. Pemahaman terhadap naṣ oleh ‘Umar dilakukan secara kontekstual, sehingga menghasilkan produk pemikiran yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan ummat dan adil. Dengan metode komparatif, tulisan ini selanjutnya membandingkan ijtihad ‘Umar dengan konsep hukum Progresif yang digagas oleh Satjipto Rahardjo karena dinilai memiliki kesamaan karakreristik. Hukum Progresif memiliki paradigma bahwa hukum semata-mata untuk manusia, sehingga hukum harus hadir demi kebaikan manusia dan menolak adanya status quo dalam hukum. Analisis terhadap keduanya menghasilkan pemahaman bahwa antara ijtihad ‘Umar dan hukum Progresif secara umum memiliki kesamaan karakteristik, baik dari segi tujuan maupun posisi manusia sebagai yang dikenai hukum. Mereka juga sama dalam hal potensi pembaharuan hukum sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman, perubahan tempat, dan kondisi sosio-historis. Perbedaan mendasar pada keduanya yaitu makna maslahat danstandarisasi maslahat yang menjadi landasan.
الإشكالات التطبیقیة في المصارف الوقفیة من منظور الفقھ الإسلامي Alobaid, Alaa Adel; Soalhi, Younes
Al-Ahkam Volume 25, Nomor 2, Oktober 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (309.452 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2015.25.2.603

Abstract

Waqf is considered to be one of the most important institutions of voluntary sector which exists in the Islamic heritage. Waqf have a dual function; religious and social, which makes it still always exist until today. In performing its role, waqf institutions will face the problems of the management of waqf. Blurring property ownership of institutions of social charity with waqf property, is one of the problems experienced by those waqf institutions. Besides that what needs to be done if the results of the management of waqf property is still lacking to fulfill the rights of mawqūf ‘alayh or oppositely. The other problem is about the right of mawqūf ‘alayh to rent waqf property below the standard prices. This paper aims to describe the problems mentioned above as well as effort to solve the problems in authoritative Islamic perspectives. One of the methode is the implementation of tarjīḥ to the scholars argumentations.
TONGKAT ISTIWA‘, GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) DAN GOOGLE EARTH UNTUK MENENTUKAN TITIK KOORDINAT BUMI DAN APLIKASINYA DALAM PENENTUAN ARAH KIBLAT Budiwati, Anisah
Al-Ahkam Volume 26, Nomor 1, April 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (248.151 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2016.26.1.808

Abstract

There are at least three ways to determine the position or the coordinates of a spot on the Earth's surface. They are: istiwa' sticks, Global Positioning System (GPS), and Google Earth. Istiwa' stick is used without technology operations, while GPS and Google Earth are used with technology. Until now, the use of GPS and Google Earth is still a passively consumptive, without their critical analytical effort. This qualitative research using descriptive analytic mathematical methods. The objective of this study is the to know the theory, applications, and accuracy of the istiwa' stick, GPS, and Google Earth comparatively. The study found that the istiwa' stick is one of the alternatives way to determine the coordinates of the Earth which uses the theory of spherical trigonometry calculations simply without assistance. Whereas GPS and Google Earth use principles of geodetic scientifically. In terms of applications, the most practical and accurate is GPS,and then followed by Google Earth, and the last is istiwa' stick.Setidaknya ada tiga cara untuk menentukan posisi atau titik koordinat suatu tempat di permukaan Bumi, yaitu tongkat istiwa’, Global Positioning System (GPS), dan Google Earth. Tongkat istiwa’ digunakan tanpa bantuan teknologi, sedangkan GPS dan Google Earth digunakan dengan teknologi. Sampai saat ini, penggunaan GPS maupun Google Earth masih bersifat konsumtif pasif, tanpa adanya upaya analitis kritis. Penelitiankualitatif ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik matematis. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui teori, aplikasi, maupun akurasi tongkat istiwa’, GPS, dan GoogleEarth secara komparatif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tongkat istiwa’ adalah salah satu alternatif penentuan titik koordinat Bumi yang menggunakan teori perhitunganspherical trigonometry secara sederhana tanpa bantuan, sedangkan GPS dan Google Earth menggunakan prinsip keilmuan geodesi yang lebih teliti. Dari segi aplikasi, yangpaling praktis dan akurat adalah GPS. Kemudian disusul Google Earth, dan tongkat istiwa’.
ANALISIS NORMATIF-FILOSOFIS FATWA DEWAN SYARI’AH NASIONAL MAJELIS ULAMA’ INDONESIA (DSN-MUI) TENTANG TRANSAKSI JUAL BELI PADA BANK SYARI’AH Fathoni, Nur
Al-Ahkam Volume 25, Nomor 2, Oktober 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (197.885 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2015.25.2.596

Abstract

DSN-MUI uses trade transactions in Islamic financial institutions in order to avoid interest rate system. Moral and legal issues had became the important thing in the formulation of trade transaction in syariah banking, since the concern about the system of interest that still exist in syariah banking’s trade transaction. This means that the trade transaction on syariah banking according to fatwa DSN-MUI still contains usury (riba). This paper intends to explore the important things about the  rules and practices of trade transaction on the syariah banking according to DSN-MUI. This study concluded that DSN-MUI performs ijtihād taṭbīqī to facilitate the concept of trade operations on syariah banking. DSN-MUI’s fatwa about trade transaction appears to correspond to a normative concept of fiqh. It's just that there is ambiguity in the salam and istithnā' contract and less attention to the philosophy of trade. The trade transactions were reduced as provision of funds for purchasing of goods, with multi contract institutions. The use of supporting contracts that are not true will potentially lead to morality inconsistencies in trade transactions.
FATWA ALIRAN SESAT DAN POLITIK HUKUM MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA (MUI) Hasyim, Syafiq
Al-Ahkam Volume 25, Nomor 2, Oktober 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (220.805 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2015.25.2.810

Abstract

MUI (The Indonesian Council of Ulama) is an institution established by the government of Indonesia that one of its functions is to formulate religious fatwas. The existence of the MUI as the representatives of various religious organizations, and therefore claimed to be the big tent of Muslims, became the basis for the existence of these functions. Nevertheless MUI’s fatwas on religious denominations in Indonesia, is considered partly responsible for the occurrence of discriminatory behavior and violence based on religion. This article would like to see the political aspects of the law on the MUI’s fatwas about the deviant groups which is considered as a barrier of religous freedom in Indonesia and at the same time as the trigger acts of violence based on religion. MUI’s fatwas about the deviant groups can be analyzed in at least two approaches. First, in the perspective of the discourse of blasphemy, and second from the perspective of the discourse of legal pluralism, institutionalizing MUI, and theology.
POLIGAMI DAN KETIDAKADILAN GENDER DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG PERKAWINAN DI INDONESIA Kholis, Nur; Jumaiyah, Jumaiyah; Wahidullah, Wahidullah
Al-Ahkam Volume 27, Nomor 2, Oktober 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (194.25 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2017.27.2.1971

Abstract

The article 4 clause 2 in the Act Number 1 Year 1974, mentioned that discrimination against women (wife) potentially in increasing the divorce rates. It can be minimized by creating a gender-based mindset, that will be the object of this research. This research will use qualitative methods with normative juridical approach. This research found that: firstly, that the Act Number 1 Year 1974 and its derivative laws such as Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), has not reach yet the Pancasila values and also justice and humanity as the main mission of law. Secondly, the political configuration in the drafting of laws and “black and white” in understanding of religious texts are contribute to creating injustice. Thirdly, the justice is one of the goals of the law, so discrimination must be eliminated. This research provides a recommendation that polygamy in article 4 clause 2 in the Act Number 1 Year 1974 must be removed, and become the principle of monogamy absolutely.[]Diskriminasi terhadap perempuan (Isteri), sebagaimana tertuang pada Pasal 4 ayat 2 UU No. 1 Tahun 1974, berpotensi menciptakan tingginya angka perceraian. Meminimalisasi hal tersebut dengan membangun pemikiran berbasis keadilan gender merupakan tujuan dalam penelitian ini. Adapun metode yang dipilih adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis-normatif. Hasil penelitian yang ditemukan; Pertama, bahwa UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 beserta perundang-undangan turunannya seperti KHI, masih jauh dari nilai-nilai Pancasila dan misi utama hukum; yaitu nilai keadilan dan kemanusiaan. Kedua, konfigurasi politik dalam produksi UU Perkawinan dan pemahaman teks agama yang “hitam-putih” adalah kontributor terciptanya ketidakadilan. Ketiga, salah satu tujuan hukum adalah keadilan, maka bentuk-bentuk diskriminasi harus dihapuskan. Artikel ini merekomendasikan penghapusan poligami dalam pasal 4 ayat 2 UU No.1 Tahun 1974, dan menjadikan monogami bersifat mutlak.
KONSTRUKSI PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM KELUARGA DI INDONESIA MELALUI PENDEKATAN PSIKOLOGI Setiyanto, Danu Aris
Al-Ahkam Volume 27, Nomor 1, April 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (77.038 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2017.27.1.1183

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to explain the importance of psychology in the construction of family law in Indonesia and knowing reconstruction of family law development in Indonesia with a psychological approach. This is motivated lack of family law studies using psychological approaches and is an effort to contribute the development of family law from a variety of perspectives, especially with the approach of psychology. This study included literature research using multiple sources related to research problems. The results of this study indicate the development of family law in Indonesia is still less of a concern with the psychological approach. Construction of family law development in Indonesia through the psychological approach can at least be associated with three things about family education, emotional maturity, and handling partner violence.[]Tujuan artikel ini adalah menjelaskan urgensi psikologi dalam kontruksi hukum keluarga di Indonesia dan mengetahui rekontruksi pembangunan hukum keluarga di Indonesia dengan pendekatan psikologi. Hal ini dilatarbelakangi minimnya kajian hukum keluarga yang menggunakan pendekatan psikologi dan merupakan upaya kontribusi pengembangan hukum keluarga dari berbagai perspektif terutama dengan pendekatan psikologi. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian pustaka yang menggunakan beberapa sumber yang terkait dengan permasalahan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pembangunan hukum keluarga di Indonesia memang masih kurang dari perhatian dengan pendekatan psikologis. Kontruksi pembangunan hukum keluarga di Indonesia melalui pendekatan psikologi setidaknya dapat terkait dengan tiga hal, yaitu tentang pendidikan keluarga, kematangan emosi, dan penangangan kekerasan pasangan. 
ANALISIS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NO. 68/PUU/XII/2014 KAITANNYA DENGAN NIKAH BEDA AGAMA MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA Islamiyati, Islamiyati
Al-Ahkam Volume 27, Nomor 2, Oktober 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (201.182 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2017.27.2.1572

Abstract

Background research originated from the Constitutional Court decision No. 68/PUU / XII /2014 rejected the application for judicial review of material (judicial review) Article 2 Paragraph (1) of the Constitution NRI UUP 1945. The goal is to analyze the legal considerations of the decision of the judge of the Constitutional Court No. 68/PUU/XII/2014 and its legal consequences. The judge rejected the applicant because it contradicts the principle of the Godhead, moral values, culture and principles of marriage law in Indonesia. The existence of Islamic law can be reestablished by the interpretation of Article 2 Paragraph (1) UUP properly and constitutionally. The role of the Constitutional Court decision has correlate between religion and state laws are harmonized, and can enforce Islamic law which is based on maqāṣid al-sharī’ah.[]Latar belakang penelitian berawal dari putusan MK No. 68/PUU/XII/2014 yang menolak permohonan uji materiil (judicial review) Pasal 2 Ayat (1) UUP terhadap UUD  1945. Tujuannya untuk menganalisis pertimbangan hukum putusan hakim MK No. 68/PUU/XII/2014 dan akibat hukumnya. Hakim menolak permohonan pemohon karena bertentangan dengan prinsip Ketuhanan, nilai moral, budaya dan prinsip hukum perkawinan di Indonesia. Eksistensi hukum Islam dapat ditegakkan kembali oleh penafsiran Pasal 2 Ayat (1) UUP secara benar dan konstitusional. Peran putusan MK telah mengkorelasikan antara hukum agama dan negara yang harmonis, serta dapat menegakkan hukum Islam yang berpijak pada maqāṣid al-sharī’ah.
PENETAPAN ‘ADAM WALI NIKAH OLEH PEJABAT KUA DI KOTA SEMARANG Rokhmadi, Rokhmadi
Al-Ahkam Volume 26, Nomor 2, Oktober 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (235.607 KB) | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2016.26.2.992

Abstract

This article is result of the study that describes the determination concept of adam wali nikah by officials of the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) in Semarang, on marriage guardian of an ineligible woman, that because of the bride’s birth is less than six months from her parents’ marriage. Having determined adam marriage guardians’ status, then KUA establishes that the marriage guardian is delegated to KUA officials in each region of Semarang. As for the basis used by those who determine the delegation for the reason of deficient condition of marriage guardians for a female to the KUA is the use of the legal basis contained in adam marriage guardians’ determination in the letter of Director General Guidance and Pilgrimage Affairs Number: D/ED/PW.01/03/1992, in which its position is under the Marriage Legislation No. 1 of 1974 and the Islamic Law Compilation (KHI).

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