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INDONESIA
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 2339076X     EISSN : 25022458     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management is managed by the International Research Centre for the Management of Degraded and Mining Lands (IRC-MEDMIND), research collaboration between Brawijaya University, Mataram University, Massey University, and Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences-China Papers dealing with result of original research, and critical reviews on aspects directed to the management of degraded and mining lands covering topography of a landscape, soil and water quality, biogeochemistry, ecosystem structure and function, and environmental, economic, social and health impacts are welcome with no page charge
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Articles 1,551 Documents
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Nickel slag as a growth substrate for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi propagation to support post-mining land reclamation Huwaida, Hanifah; Mansur, Irdika; Prematuri, Ricksy
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.10869

Abstract

Indonesia produces approximately 13 million metric tons of nickel slag each year, which has the potential to be used as a soil amendment for post-mining land restoration. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nickel slag as a propagation medium for four arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus species (AMF) (Acaulospora tuberculata, Glomus manihotis, Glomus etunicatum, and Gigaspora margarita) associated with three pioneer host plants (Sorghum bicolor, Falcataria moluccana, and Pueraria javanica) to support post-nickel-mining land reclamation. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using a two-factor completely randomized design over 12 weeks. The results showed that plant survival rates ranged from 79.08% to 83.17% across all treatments. Glomus manihotis performed best, with the highest root colonization rate of 75.91% and a spore density of 89 spores per 20 g of medium. The highest biomass accumulation was observed in Sorghum bicolor, with a shoot dry weight of 3.38 g and a root dry weight of 1.04 g. The results correlated with field data, which showed that mycorrhizal inoculation increased nickel accumulation in plants by 8.33% and safely immobilized up to 9,500 mg kg?¹ of nickel within root tissues. This study concluded that nickel slag has great potential as a carrier medium for producing AMF inoculum. The use of nickel slag supports the principles of a circular economy in the nickel industry, accelerating ecosystem restoration on former mining sites.
Determination of seasonal groundwater recharge potential in the coastal mining town of Jose Panganiban, Philippines Bilaro, Virgil B.; Samaniego, Jessie O.; Quierrez, Rico Neil M.; Peregrino, Fern Rose A.; Paladin, Carr Angelo P.; Tamparong, Bonifacio Jr. B.; Bautista, Angel VII T.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.10903

Abstract

Coastal groundwater resources are highly vulnerable to the combined risks of heavy metal contamination and saltwater intrusion where artisanal small-scale gold mining is active. This study used a GIS-based analysis to identify susceptible coastal aquifers in the municipality of Jose Panganiban, Philippines, by examining the reduction in groundwater potential coincident with the seasonal oscillation of precipitation, the main driver of recharge. The study showed that the general reduction in groundwater potential approaches 25% during the period with the lowest precipitation across the whole study site. Some recharge zones have greater groundwater potential reduction and are thus more vulnerable to saltwater intrusion. The results of this study would lay the preliminary groundwork for more detailed and targeted analysis of at-risk groundwater extraction locations, as well as serve as a guide for local authorities in formulating and implementing an effective, responsive, and sustainable groundwater resource management program.
Evaluation of soil fertility and erosion in oil palm lands post-replanting: A case study in Sungai Muluk Village, Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency, Jambi Province Antony, Dedy; Irianto, Irianto; Kartika, Elis; Nusifera, Sosiawan
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.10877

Abstract

Oil palm replanting often increases the risk of soil degradation due to soil disturbance, nutrient depletion, and erosion, particularly in highly weathered Ultisols. This study aimed to evaluate soil fertility status and erosion risk across different slope classes in post-replanting oil palm plantations and to assess the implications of conservation practices for sustainable land management. Soil samples were collected from three slope classes (3-8%, 8-15%, and 15-30%) at two soil depths (0-20 and 20-40 cm) for soil physico-chemical analysis. Erosion estimation was predicted using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). In addition, a conservation scenario analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential effectiveness of improved conservation practices in reducing erosion risk. The results showed that soil fertility status ranged from low to moderate across all slope classes, mainly due to low cation exchange capacity and base saturation. Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus generally decreased with increasing slope and soil depth. Predicted erosion rates varied among slope classes, with the highest erosion occurring in the 3-8% slope class (141.48 t/ha/year), primarily due to inadequate conservation practices. Conservation scenario analysis demonstrated that conservation practice improvement, factor (P) from 0.35 to 0.04, reduced predicted erosion up to 88.6% (16.17 t/ha/year), which is below the tolerable threshold. These findings indicated that integrating soil fertility improvement through organic matter management with effective conservation measures can substantially reduce land degradation risks and support the sustainable management of post-replanting oil palm plantations on Ultisols.
Distribution and correlations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria with Pb and Cd in landfill rhizosphere soils Cahyani, Vita Ratri; Ariyanti, Febriana Ida Dwi; Cahyono, Ongko; Maro’ah, Siti
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.10887

Abstract

Landfills accumulate various toxic substances, including heavy metals, yet plants can persist in these environments through interactions with functional rhizosphere microorganisms. This study investigated the distribution of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and nutrient status in the rhizosphere soils of phytoremediator plants at the Putri Cempo landfill, and their relationships with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) across spatial gradients. Rhizosphere soils were collected from phytoremediators at landfill sites (L1, 0 m; L2, 100 m from L1) and from an agricultural site outside the landfill (L3, 500 m from L1) as a reference. Heavy metals, soil nutrients, AMF population density and diversity, and PSB communities were analyzed. All parameters, except soil pH, differed significantly among sites. The highest Pb and Cd concentrations were recorded at L1 (Pb: 75.28 mg/kg, approximately 16 times higher than L3; Cd: 0.36 mg/kg, undetected at L3), accompanied by elevated nutrient levels. Microbial communities exhibited clear spatial patterns: AMF abundance, spore density, and root colonization increased with distance from the landfill, reaching their highest values at L3, whereas PSB abundance and morphotype diversity peaked at L2. Among the phytoremediator species, Jatropha gossypiifolia accumulated the highest Pb and Cd concentrations and harbored the greatest PSB abundance, while Senna alata exhibited the strongest AMF associations. These metal-tolerant microbes associated with phytoremediator rhizospheres exhibit dual potential as biofertilizers and bioremediation agents.
Enabling sustainable mining in small-scale operations: Evidence from the Green Mining Processing Facility Program in the Philippines Fabula, Jeannie-Rose G.; Orden, Maria Excelsis M.; Hernando, Herald Kam G.; Camaso, Eliza E.; Bautista, Katherine D.A.; Ferrer, Fernando P. Jr.; Cabanayan, Zeren Lucky L.; Madria, Meynard C.; Ilagan, Czelina Loren DC.; Tangonan, Jesusa B.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.10927

Abstract

Gold mining in rural Philippines provides livelihood opportunities but has been associated with environmental degradation and health risks due to the use of mercury and cyanide in extraction processes. To address these concerns, the Green Mining Processing Facility Program for Small-Scale Mining was implemented through a university-led initiative to provide safer and more efficient gold recovery alternatives while reducing environmental impacts and operational costs. This study assessed the governance and adoption outcomes of the established pilot facilities and support systems. An ex-post and process evaluation approach was used, and data were collected through surveys, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions involving miners, local government units, project implementers, and other stakeholders. Results indicated that the facilities were technically viable and had potential economic benefits for small-scale miners. However, utilization remained limited due to institutional and regulatory constraints, including unclear governance arrangements, operational management gaps, restrictions in facility use, and weak stakeholder engagement, rather than technological limitations. Strengthening governance systems, improving regulatory coordination, and establishing clear operational management structures are necessary to enhance adoption and ensure sustainable and safe gold extraction practices.
Distribution of heavy metals in surface water and sediments of the Coata River Basin, Peru: Seasonal variability and ecological risk assessment Ramirez, Johan Denis Aguilar; Ramirez, Alexander Aguilar; Arteaga, Ruby Juniors Alvarez; Cueva, Jhon Antoni Calderon; Quispe , Irene Benita Gil; Alave-Chata, Dany Evangelina
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.10915

Abstract

Mining, urban wastewater discharge, and intensive agriculture have degraded freshwater quality across the Andean Altiplano, yet integrated multi-parameter assessments remain scarce for high-altitude tributaries of Lake Titicaca. This study evaluated the spatial and seasonal distribution of seven heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn) in surface water and sediments, along with physicochemical and microbiological parameters, across 11 stations in the Coata River Basin (Puno, Peru). Dissolved arsenic exceeded the WHO guideline (0.01 mg L?¹) at 10 of 11 stations. In sediments, mean Zn (337.9-400.5 mg kg?¹), Pb (67.7-81.2 mg kg?¹), and As (41.9-43.3 mg kg?¹) surpassed the Threshold Effect Level at every site. Cadmium contamination factors reached very high values (CF up to 15.67), and the geo-accumulation index classified several stations as strongly to extremely polluted (I_geo up to 3.38). The potential ecological risk index ranged from 111.8 to 627.1, with station P-6 reaching very high risk during the dry season. The Torococha–Coata confluence (P-7) emerged as the most degraded reach, with dissolved oxygen of 0.52 mg L?¹ and total coliforms of 1.4 × 10? MPN 100 mL?¹. Sediment contamination intensified during the dry season due to reduced dilution. Mining waste, untreated effluents from Juliaca, and agricultural runoff were identified as the principal contamination sources. Building on this diagnosis, this study proposes a prioritized, phased management strategy coupling source control of mining and urban effluents, sediment-focused remediation at hotspots, and permanent seasonal monitoring to guide near-term pollution mitigation in the basin.
Assessing farmers' soil conservation adoption across erosion hazard zones in Juwet Sub-Watershed, Indonesia Hidayah, Nurul; Hizbaron, Dyah Rahmawati; Suprayogi, Slamet
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.11021

Abstract

Soil erosion is a critical environmental problem threatening agricultural productivity and watershed sustainability in tropical developing countries. Despite growing interest in conservation adoption, empirical studies explicitly linking erosion hazard zonation with farmers' social conservation behavior at the micro sub-watershed scale remain scarce. This study examined soil conservation knowledge, attitudes, and practices among 110 farmers across five Erosion Hazard Level (EHL) zones in the Juwet Sub-Watershed, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, using an integrated biophysical–social approach grounded in the Knowledge–Attitude–Practice (KAP) framework complemented by the Theory of Planned Behavior. The EHL map was derived by crossing erosion potential data with soil depth measurements and served as the spatial framework for stratified sampling. The results revealed a consistent knowledge–practice gap across all EHL zones: farmers demonstrated relatively high erosion awareness and positive perceptions of conservation effectiveness, yet actual practice remained uniformly moderate regardless of hazard level. The very high EHL zone, covering 69.7% of the sub-watershed, had the weakest institutional support, with only 24.6% of farmers actively discussing conservation issues. Financial constraints and extreme weather were the primary barriers, while limited knowledge ranked least significant. These findings confirm that the principal bottleneck is structural and economic rather than cognitive, underscoring the need for zone-differentiated conservation interventions grounded in participatory watershed development principles.
Assessing the environmental impacts of bauxite mining in Malapouyah, Guinea Using remote sensing and GIS Traore, Falaye; Konate, Ahmed Amara; Oulare, Fassidy; Hebelamou, Joseph
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.11009

Abstract

Uncontrolled bauxite exploitation in the Rural Commune of Malapouyah (Guinea) exacerbates land degradation and disrupts local ecological balances. This study assesses the spatio-temporal variations in land use, vegetation, and land surface temperature (LST) between 2011 and 2024 using Landsat imagery and GIS-based spatial analyses. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) highlights a worsening of vegetation stress, with minimum values dropping from 0.039 in 2011 to 0.000 in 2024. Land-use analysis reveals notable fluctuations: vegetation cover decreased from 50.82% in 2011 to 30.29% in 2014 before rising again to 59.04% in 2024, while bare soils increased from 7.28% to 29.28% during the first period and then declined to 8.90% in 2024. Water bodies peaked at 19.10% in 2014 and stabilized around 9.78% in 2024. Urban areas decreased from 41.34% in 2011 to 21.33% in 2014 before stabilizing near 22%. The average land surface temperature progressively declined from 45.96 °C in 2011 to 37.73 °C in 2024, with a maximum of 46.98 °C recorded in 2014. These findings reveal severe but evolving environmental impacts driven by mining and other anthropogenic pressures, while also highlighting partial ecosystem resilience. The study confirms the relevance of remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) as reliable, integrated, and cost-effective tools for monitoring land degradation and supporting sustainable land-use planning and natural resource management.
Land-use change and nitrate contamination from multiple sources at the Kali Belik-Umbul Pace corridor, Yogyakarta-Sleman, Indonesia Wijaya, Estu Panduaji; Supraba, Intan; Putra, Doni Prakasa Eka
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.10937

Abstract

Nitrate is difficult to manage in shallow urban aquifers where polluted rivers and mixed land uses stress the same groundwater. This study examined the extent to which Kali Belik contributes to the long-term rise in nitrate at Umbul Pace, a spring-fed well supplying the SPAM TOYAGAMA system in the Yogyakarta-Sleman volcanic aquifer, Indonesia. The analysis combined water-quality sampling, spatial analysis, and a calibrated flow-and-transport model (RMSE = 1.39 m) over a 2.375 km² domain. The model showed Kali Belik losing water to the aquifer, yet the evidence does not support the river as the main nitrate source. Nitrate at Umbul Pace rose from 1.93 mg/L as NO?-N in 2001 to 16.5 mg/L in August 2025, while the river never exceeded 4.61 mg/L. Even with the river load doubled in the model, the concentration at the well reached only 5.01 mg/L. Backward particle tracking (77-123 days) delineates a local capture zone dominated by settlements, agriculture, and livestock facilities, pointing to persistent anthropogenic loading and land degradation along the recharge corridor as the more plausible explanation. Aquifer protection therefore cannot rely solely on the river: travel-time zoning, land-use controls, and nitrate treatment at the wellhead are needed.
Concentrations of labile heavy metal forms in soils of Bidoup Nui Ba National Park, Southern Vietnam Pham, Cam Nhung; Lebedev, Yaroslav O.; Drygval, Anna V.; Gorbunov, Roman V.; Gorbunova, Tatyana Yu.; Kuznetsov, Andrey N.; Kuznetsova, Svetlana P.; Nguyen, Dang Hoi; Tabunshchik, Vladimir A.; Ngo, Trung Dung
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.11121

Abstract

An assessment of the content of mobile (labile) forms of heavy metals (HMs) – As, Hg, Cr, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu – in the soils of Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park (Lam Dong Province, Vietnam) was conducted. The study was carried out on a key site representing a catena in a tropical forest with a predominance of yellow ferrallitic soils. Samples were collected in the dry and wet seasons from various genetic horizons. All analyzed elements were detected in all samples. A clear seasonal pattern emerged from our data: concentrations of labile heavy metal forms were consistently elevated during the dry period compared to the wet season, with differences reaching up to 10-fold for certain elements. Exceedances of Russian MPC standards for mobile forms were noted for lead (Pb) in four samples (up to 13.1 mg/kg) and for zinc (Zn) in three samples (up to 100.97 mg/kg) in the dry season. Calculated hazard coefficients (K?) showed that in the dry season, the potential environmental hazard associated with mobile forms of Pb and Zn is higher (average K? = 0.76 and 0.98, respectively) than in the wet season (average K? = 0.29 and 0.16). High positive correlations were found between the contents of all studied HMs in mobile form (r = 0.83-0.97), indicating their coupled migration and possibly common sources of input or accumulation conditions. The obtained data characterize for the first time the ecological and geochemical state of the soils of this protected natural area in terms of the content of bioavailable forms of HMs. The results indicate the need for monitoring mobile forms of HMs even in background territories, as their accumulation, especially in the dry season, can create potential environmental risks due to inclusion in trophic chains.

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