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Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 2339076X     EISSN : 25022458     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management is managed by the International Research Centre for the Management of Degraded and Mining Lands (IRC-MEDMIND), research collaboration between Brawijaya University, Mataram University, Massey University, and Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences-China Papers dealing with result of original research, and critical reviews on aspects directed to the management of degraded and mining lands covering topography of a landscape, soil and water quality, biogeochemistry, ecosystem structure and function, and environmental, economic, social and health impacts are welcome with no page charge
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Articles 1,551 Documents
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Hyperaccumulator rhizosphere soil from a Pb-contaminated landfill and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria enhance Calotropis gigantea stem cutting growth, phytoremediation, and arbuscular mycorrhiza propagation Ariyanti, Febriana Ida Dwi; Cahyani, Vita Ratri; Cahyono, Ongko
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.11435

Abstract

Rhizosphere soils of phytoremediator plants growing in Pb-contaminated landfill sites are natural reservoirs of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB), which can enhance plant growth and phytoremediation. This study evaluated the combined effects of rhizosphere soils containing AMF (rhizomyco) from three phytoremediators (Calotropis gigantea, Jatropha gossypiifolia, and Senna alata) and PSB inoculation. The  pot experiment was conducted using a 3×2 factorial in a completely randomized design with four replications. The primary parameters were C. gigantea stem-cutting biomass, Pb uptake, and AMF propagation potential. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, DMRT, and Pearson’s correlation analysis. S. alata rhizomyco resulted in the highest C. gigantea stem-cutting biomass growth and Pb uptake, despite exhibiting the lowest AMF propagation potential. In contrast, J. gossypiifolia rhizomyco showed the highest AMF propagation potential but produced the lowest plant biomass among the other rhizomyco sources, suggesting that AMF propagation potential does not necessarily reflect symbiotic effectiveness in promoting plant growth and Pb uptake. Meanwhile, PSB inoculation enhanced C. gigantea stem-cutting biomass and Pb uptake, while promoting Pb retention in roots and limiting its translocation to shoots, resulting in root BAF values >1 and TF values <1. These findings highlight the potential of selecting effective rhizomyco communities and combining them with PSB inoculation to improve the growth and Pb phytoremediation capacity of C. gigantea stem cuttings.
Organic matter effects on aggregation, compaction, and drainability to field capacity of drought-prone soils of humid tropical environments Obalum, Sunday Ewele; Enemo, David C.; Onah, Chinaza J.; Joseph, Paul Omaye; Iwobi, Michael I.; Ezenne, Gloria I.; Igwe, Charles A.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.11355

Abstract

Soil organic matter (SOM) is a key agent of soil aggregation. Ample manuring combined with ground cover may cushion its rapid mineralization and hence typically low status in well-drained humid tropical soils. This study, conducted at two sites of sandy-loam and loamy-sand Ultisols in Nsukka, southeastern Nigeria, assessed the effects of prior ample manuring on aggregate stability, porosity/permeability, time to attain field capacity (timeFC) after saturation, and moisture content at field capacity (MCFC). Poultry-droppings manure was incorporated into the topsoil at 0, 25, 50, and 75 t/ha to effect contrasting SOM status. The plots were prepared in the 2019/2020 dry season, heavily mulch-protected and saturated weekly. TimeFC and the corresponding MCFC were monitored at ½ month after treatment (MAT), and together with other soil properties, at 1 and 2 MAT. At both sites, but mostly in the loamy sand with lower antecedent SOM, soil aggregation increased with SOM status. Soil bulk density generally decreased while total porosity increased with SOM status. These effects were more pronounced at 2 MAT. Soil permeability, soil pH, and P-availability always increased with SOM status. TimeFC consistently indicated similar values (8.11-9.11 h), being longer with higher than lower statuses (boundary, 21 g-SOM/kg), while MCFC increased steadily with SOM. Generally, SOM status influenced soil aggregation, compaction and MCFC, but not timeFC. Short-term manuring-associated increases in SOM above 21 g/kg could imply raising its status to improve structure-related – including hydraulic – properties of drought-prone tropical soils which, however, might not reflect in their speed of internal drainage.
Carbon storage in Inga-cacao agroforestry on degraded former coca-crop soils Alegria Zegarra, Andrea Soledad; Guerra Lu, José Kalión; Cerna Cueva, Alberto Franco; Reategui-Inga, Manuel
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.11303

Abstract

Former coca-crop lands in the Peruvian Amazon need restoration that rebuilds soil function and carbon pools. This study compared soil, litter and recovered-root carbon in degraded former coca-crop soil without agroforestry and Inga edulis-Theobroma cacao systems aged 2, 4 and 6 years. Three blocks provided 12 sampling units of 100 m². Soil carbon (0–20 cm) used organic matter and bulk density; litter and roots were sampled in 0.25 m² quadrats. Block-adjusted analysis and exact within-block tests detected condition effects for all pools after false-discovery-rate adjustment (adjusted P = 0.0069-0.0330). Total carbon was 13.06 ± 2.34 t C ha?¹ without agroforestry and 48.06 ± 3.44, 62.62 ± 3.87 and 59.77 ± 5.86 t C ha?¹ in the 2-, 4- and 6-year systems, respectively. A parallel first-order compartment model fitted the three pools and derived total carbon as their sum. The derived total curve had R² = 0.921 and a model-implied asymptote of 65.88 t C ha?¹; apparent response coefficients were 0.857 yr?¹ for soil, 0.387 yr?¹ for litter and 0.242 yr?¹ for roots. Agroforestry conditions contained more measured carbon than the non-agroforestry condition, but total carbon did not differ among agroforestry ages. The fitted coefficients describe a cross-sectional condition-age gradient rather than measured annual sequestration. Estimates exclude aboveground biomass and soil below 20 cm.
Monitoring sand encroachment in south-western Algeria (2019-2025) using Sentinel-2 imagery and a Random Forest classifier on Google Earth Engine Bendouina, Naimi; Guerine, Lakhdar; Boukaya, Nassira; Moumen, Djallal; Belabid, Omar
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.11367

Abstract

Sand encroachment is among the most significant processes of land degradation in arid and semi-arid regions, producing complex spatial and temporal dynamics as dune formations expand at the expense of pastoral and agricultural land. This study used Sentinel-2 imagery and Random Forest classification on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform to map and analyse land-cover change in the wilayas of El-Bayadh and Naâma (south-western Algeria) between 2019 and 2025. Supervised classification of Sentinel-2A imagery produced land-cover maps for 2019 and 2025 (overall accuracy 88.9% and 91.5%; Kappa 0.87 and 0.90, respectively). Transition matrices quantified flows to and from the 'Dunes and Shifting Sands' class. Dune formations remained relatively stable, with 5.37 million ha unchanged, while the class expanded by 219,458 ha (+3.7%) overall. This expansion was predominantly fed by conversion from grazing land (627,335 ha), bare soil (57,395 ha) and agricultural land (32,959 ha), reflecting intensifying desertification linked to climate variability, overgrazing, deforestation and cropland abandonment. Conversely, 455,993 ha of former dune surfaces reverted to grazing land and 86,631 ha to bare soil, corresponding mainly to areas where natural vegetation recovered or where biological dune-fixation works were implemented. These results confirm the value of multi-temporal remote sensing combined with GEE for monitoring large-scale land degradation. Critically, the study identifies management opportunities: areas undergoing dune stabilization through vegetation recovery or anti-desertification engineering provide model zones for scaled intervention.
Rethinking land degradation neutrality in hyper-arid ecosystems: Functional neutrality, recovery memory and process-based monitoring for SDG 15.3.1 Elfaki, Jamal; Ali, Mushtaha
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.11381

Abstract

Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) has become a central policy framework for translating SDG 15.3 into measurable land action, but its interpretation remains difficult in hyper-arid ecosystems. This critical conceptual review evaluates whether land cover, land productivity, and soil organic carbon are ecologically diagnostic in the world’s driest landscapes. Evidence was synthesized from LDN policy, dryland ecology, soil carbon science, remote sensing, aeolian geomorphology, salinity research, restoration ecology, and Nature-based Solutions. The review shows that sparse vegetation, low productivity, exposed mineral surfaces, and low SOC can represent natural desert reference conditions, while important degradation may occur through wind erosion, salinization, biological soil crust disturbance, hydrological disconnection, thermal stress, and loss of post-rainfall recovery capacity. Four recurrent misclassification pathways are identified: false degradation, false recovery, hidden degradation, and false neutrality. A Functional LDN Framework is proposed to link state, process, function, risk, and feasibility. The framework retains global SDG 15.3.1 comparability while adding dryland-specific diagnostics, recovery memory, and functional equivalence rules. Recalibrating LDN around ecosystem function can improve degraded land management, restoration targeting, and monitoring credibility in hyper-arid regions.
Biochar for sustainable rehabilitation of degraded lands: Mechanisms, applications, environmental benefits, and future perspectives Maftu’ah, Eni; Maharani, Puspita Harum; Sulaeman, Yiyi; Mukhlis, Mukhlis; Napisah, Khairatun; Hairani, Anna; Ningsih, Rina D.; Sunardi, Sunardi; Utami, Sri Nuryani H.; Siswadi, Siswadi
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.11313

Abstract

Land degradation poses a growing global environmental concern that threatens soil productivity, ecosystem services, biodiversity, and climate resilience. Biochar is generated by thermochemically processing biomass in an oxygen-restricted environment and is a viable nature-based solution for soil degradation and sustainable land management. This review synthesizes recent knowledge on the qualities of biomass-derived biochar, mechanisms for improving soil properties, and its application in different degraded lands, including mine-degraded lands, peatlands, saline and sodic soils, drylands, and eroded agricultural lands. Biochar enhances soil quality and contributes to restoring ecosystems through improved soil aggregation, water and nutrient storage, enhanced cation exchange capacity, soil pH and microbial functioning, and by reducing soil acidity and bioavailability of toxic substances. Furthermore, the use of agricultural and forest residues as feedstock for biochar production helps maintain carbon in the soil over extended periods, reduces greenhouse gases, improves water quality, and supports a circular bioeconomy. However, biochar performance is influenced by several factors, including feedstock characteristics and pyrolysis conditions, soil properties, and environmental considerations. Economic feasibility, quality standardization, and governmental support remain major concerns. The review emphasizes the various functions of biochar in the reclamation of degraded lands and indicates the future research needs to foster sustainable land management and climate change mitigation.
Restoring coarse-textured sugarcane-growing soil health through sugarcane trash biochar application Sornhiran, Natcha; Sangthong, Sunita; Phungern, Sunchai; Sinma, Kanokkorn; Amkha, Suphachai; Inboonchuay, Tawatchai
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.11393

Abstract

In intensive tropical sugarcane production, open-field residue burning and continuous mono-cropping on coarse-textured soils induce severe land degradation. This study evaluated the effects of sugarcane trash biochar applied at rates of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% by dry weight to a degraded loamy sand soil during a six-month laboratory incubation. Soil physical constants, monthly chemical parameters, and functional microbial populations were systematically monitored. Results demonstrated that biochar incorporation immediately enhanced soil hydro-physical properties. Plant-available water capacity progressively increased from 11.59% in the unamended control to 13.71% under the 3% treatment, effectively retarding evaporative water loss during drying cycles. Chemically, biochar significantly elevated soil pH from sub-optimal acidity (5.31–5.77) to favorable levels (5.87–6.90), enhanced cation exchange capacity up to 15.82–19.43 cmolc/kg, and increased available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium. Biologically, the 2% application rate established an optimal ecological threshold, maximizing total culturable bacteria (2.35x105 CFU/g) and free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria (1.53x105 CFU/g). Conversely, higher application rates suppressed cellulolytic microorganisms due to extracellular enzyme immobilization. Overall, while sugarcane trash biochar provides substantial hydro-chemical and biological rejuvenation to degraded coarse soils, its application rate should be optimized between 1% and 2% to avoid excessive nutrient accumulation and microbial inhibition.
Kinetics of lead phytostabilization in post-gold mining soils: Synergistic effects of dolomite and organic amendments on Ipomoea aquatica and Amaranthus caudatus Taslapratama, Irwan; Aryanti, Ervina; Hasibuan, Dwi Kartika Asih; Hamid, Fauziah Shahul
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.11405

Abstract

Ecological damage in tropical post-gold-mining areas in Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia is a major concern, with very low pH and high lead (Pb) bioavailability. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of dolomite and organic amendments on the phytostabilization potential of Ipomoea aquatica and Amaranthus caudatus under contaminated substrates from Benai, Indonesia. A 28-day mesocosm experiment tested the effectiveness of soil conditioners in immobilizing metals and determining plant uptake kinetics. Applying amendments effectively neutralized soil acidity and optimized the cation exchange capacity (15.01-20.84 cmol/kg), providing favorable rhizosphere conditions for soil stabilization. Pb removal efficiency was high in both species, with a maximum efficiency of 53.51% for Ipomoea aquatica and 53.05% for Amaranthus caudatus by Day 21. Kinetic modeling showed that Amaranthus caudatus reached maximum accumulation earlier (Day 7) than Ipomoea aquatica (Day 14). Moreover, a bioconcentration factor of 0.67–0.69 and a Translocation Factor <1.0 indicated that vertical metal transfer was limited due to uptake by root systems. A biological approach to internal toxicity management was observed, as no significant growth dilution effect was identified by Day 28. Ipomoea aquatica and Amaranthus caudatus are considered good phytostabilizers and candidate pioneer species for large-scale reclamation because they can rapidly immobilize metals and restore ecological buffering with dolomite addition.
Evaluating watershed rehabilitation success beyond vegetation cover: A case study from Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia Aniswari, Sekar Arum; Nisa, Fitrotun; Riza, Maulida; Sumarga, Elham; Suwandhi, Ichsan; Abdillah, Andi Massoeang
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.11341

Abstract

Watershed rehabilitation programs carried out under Indonesia's Forest Area Utilization Permit (Persetujuan Penggunaan Kawasan Hutan, PPKH) obligation are currently evaluated using short-term structural indicators. Meanwhile, functional recovery is rarely assessed explicitly, particularly in landscapes dominated by Imperata cylindrica. This case study evaluated structural and functional recovery in the 139-ha Poleang watershed rehabilitation area, Bombana Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, three years after the rehabilitation intervention began. Vegetation dynamics were analyzed using a 1995-2026 Landsat NDVI time series, while hydrological function recovery was estimated through the surface runoff coefficient using Cook's method. The pre-intervention NDVI trend was positive but not statistically significant (Sen's Slope = 0.00261/yr; Z = 1.44; p =  0.1486). The actual post-intervention NDVI (0.803) nominally exceeded the pre-intervention trend projection but remained below the mature forest reference value (0.853). The surface runoff coefficient in 2026 is estimated to have decreased slightly from 64.85% to 64.71%, with a maximum potential reduction of only 6.79% under a full canopy cover scenario (C = 58.06%). The structural recovery achievement (32.05%) far exceeded the functional recovery achievement (2.12%), indicating a recovery lag in watershed rehabilitation. These findings suggest that evaluation frameworks for program success that rely solely on structural indicators risk failing to capture the dynamics of functional watershed recovery, highlighting the need for a phased evaluation design that extends the functional monitoring window beyond the current three-year implementation period.
Tree legume plantation strategy for bauxite-mined land recovery: 14-year aboveground carbon stock of Anadenanthera peregrina Fonseca, Wesley da Silva; Martins, Sebastião Venâncio; Corrêa, Fagner Darlan Dias; Abreu, Adriely Yasmim Nogueira; da Silva, Alan Polate; Dueñez, Laily Katerin Sanchez
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.134.11413

Abstract

Identifying suitable mined-land recovery strategies and native tree species capable of attaining high aboveground carbon stocks is important for climate change mitigation and meeting global restoration goals. Understanding how carbon stocks are distributed within stands can improve the design and evaluation of recovery interventions in tropical landscapes. This study assessed aboveground carbon stock and distribution in monospecific plantations of Anadenanthera peregrina, 14 years after establishment on bauxite-mined land in southeastern Brazil. Six 18 × 20 m plots, one per plantation, were surveyed. Biomass was estimated using a pantropical allometric equation and converted to carbon using a factor of 0.47. Stems were grouped into diameter and height classes, and inequality in carbon distribution was assessed using Lorenz curves and the Gini index. Associations between carbon stock and edaphic gradients summarized by principal component analysis were explored. Mean aboveground carbon stock was 139.3 ± 32.5 Mg C ha?¹. The 20–30 cm diameter classes contained 53.8% of carbon and 24.1% of stems, whereas the 15–25 m height classes contained 71.8% of carbon and 35.9% of stems. The Gini index was 0.577, indicating uneven carbon distribution among stems. The first two principal components explained 84.4% of edaphic variation, but neither was significantly associated with carbon stock. These findings highlight the potential of A. peregrina plantations as a carbon-focused strategy for recovering bauxite-mined lands.

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