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Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 2339076X     EISSN : 25022458     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management is managed by the International Research Centre for the Management of Degraded and Mining Lands (IRC-MEDMIND), research collaboration between Brawijaya University, Mataram University, Massey University, and Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences-China Papers dealing with result of original research, and critical reviews on aspects directed to the management of degraded and mining lands covering topography of a landscape, soil and water quality, biogeochemistry, ecosystem structure and function, and environmental, economic, social and health impacts are welcome with no page charge
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Articles 905 Documents
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Effect of biological agents on chlorpyrifos content in soil and bulbs, soil fertility, and shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) yield Saputri, Agustin Ayu; Rahayu, Rahayu; Widijanto, Hery; Cahyani, Vita Ratri; Rosariastuti, Retno
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8735

Abstract

Continuous pesticide application in shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) cultivation can reduce soil chemical and biological fertility, potentially leading to the accumulation of pesticide residues. Sustainable agricultural practices are therefore needed to restore soil fertility and improve shallot yield. This study was conducted as a field experiment using a randomized complete block design with a single-factor treatment, namely the type of biological agent: control (BA0), Atlantibacter hermannii (BA1), Pseudomonas sp. (BA2), Indigenous bacterial consortium (BA3), Eco enzyme (BA4), and Biofilm (BA5) from Mount Lawu's western slopes. Each experimental treatment was repeated five times, resulting in a total of 30 units. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) and Pearson correlation. The parameters observed included chlorpyrifos levels, chemical and biological characteristics, and shallot yield. The results of the study indicate that Atlantibacter hermannii (BA1) reduced soil chlorpyrifos content by 64.62% and increased shallot yield by 41.44%. Eco enzyme (BA4) and biofilm (BA5) were the most effective in lowering chlorpyrifos accumulation in bulbs, with reductions of 42.31% and 38.46%, respectively. Regarding soil fertility, BA1 increased available phosphorus by 30.32%, Pseudomonas sp. (BA2) increased available potassium by 12%, and BA4 increased total nitrogen by 18.18%; however, the improvements from BA2 and BA4 were similar to those from BA1. Overall, Atlantibacter hermannii (BA1) and eco enzyme (BA4) emerged as the most promising biological agents for reducing pesticide residues, enhancing soil fertility, and increasing shallot production, highlighting their potential application in sustainable agriculture.
Assessing the environmental impact of Kolaka peridotites from nickel mining waste for geological carbon storage: Mineralogy, carbonation potential, and rock property changes Deniyatno, Deniyatno; Masri, Masri; Jaya, Rio Irhan Mais Cendra; Wahab, Wahab; Syahrul, Syahrul
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8899

Abstract

This study investigated the carbonation potential of peridotite from the Kolaka Ultramafic Complex in Sulawesi, Indonesia, for carbon capture and storage (CCS) applications. Peridotites, particularly those enriched in magnesium, are known for their high reactivity with CO?, forming stable mineral carbonates. However, the Kolaka region’s peridotites have not been thoroughly assessed for their carbonation prospects. This research addresses this gap by examining the petrology, geochemistry, and physical-magnetic properties of peridotite, focusing on its serpentinization and carbonation characteristics. An integrated approach applying petrographic analysis, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Schmidt hammer, and magnetic susceptibility tests, was used to determine the mineral composition, specifically the carbonation minerals, and the changes in the physical properties of the rocks during carbonation. The results showed that the peridotites, particularly serpentinized lherzolites, exhibit high carbonation potential characterized by the abundance of magnesium-rich olivine-pyroxene minerals. Carbonation reactions are characterized by the presence of magnesite and brucite, leading to significant changes in rock strength and magnetic susceptibility. Carbonation occurs by an advanced serpentinization process, which increased mineral reactivity and leads to reducing uniaxial compressive strength (UCS). Additionally, magnetic susceptibility exhibits positive correlation with serpentinization, accompanied by magnetite formation. These findings suggest that Kolaka's serpentinized peridotite, as mining waste, is a viable candidate for CO? storage. The ex-situ carbonation mechanism allows Kolaka's fine-grained peridotite to capture CO?, while also improving nickel ore recovery, minimizing dust, neutralizing acid mine drainage, and enhancing soil quality.
Community resilience in the community plantation forest program: Analysis on Muna Island, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia Arniawati, Arniawati; Awang, San Afri; Suryanto, Priyono; Rohman, Rohman
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8619

Abstract

This study explicitly captured how the existence of local wisdom interacts with the challenges of implementing community plantation forest programs, which often overlook traditional practices but can lead to changes in deforested land. Data on land cover change, a leading indicator, were obtained from the analysis of Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 satellite imagery, drone observations, and field surveys. Information about the practice of local wisdom in using CPF permit areas in the KPHP Unit VI Muna Island area was collected through in-depth interviews with the community. The forest cover classification was performed using ArcGIS 10.8 software, which combined on-screen digitization with field verification to ensure the accuracy of the satellite imagery data. The analysis results showed significant changes in forest cover during the four observation periods (2010-2022). Notably, there was a significant increase in land use for mixed gardens, accounting for up to 70.29% of the total area. This aligns with kaindea's practice of combining woody plants (forestry and plantations). Meanwhile, dryland and mixed dryland farming decreased to 4.17% and 25.55%, respectively. This practice can create a forest-like landscape that maintains the balance of the karst ecosystem and supports the family economy. These findings not only fill knowledge gaps regarding the integration of karst region-specific local wisdom in social forestry programs but also offer an adaptive model of forest management that can be replicated in similarly vulnerable ecosystems. Integrating local wisdom in vulnerable areas such as karst has proven to be a catalyst in sustainable forest management.
Land use and land cover (LULC) change from 2010 to 2015 driven by mining industries: A case study in Obi Island, Indonesia Listyono, Girlly Marchlina; Manurung, Parluhutan
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8677

Abstract

This study investigated land use and land cover (LULC) changes in Obi Subdistrict, Indonesia, from 2010 to 2015, driven by the expansion of the nickel mining industry. Using Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 imagery, Random Forest classification and change detection were conducted to evaluate annual LULC dynamics. Preprocessing included cloud masking and the calculation of NDVI, NDBI, and NDWI to enhance class separability. Four land cover classes were defined: dense vegetation, sparse vegetation, bare soil, and urban areas. The results showed a significant increase in urban/built-up area from 2,052 ha (2010) to 4,843 ha (2015), alongside a decrease in sparse vegetation from 92,770 ha to 84,848 ha. Dense vegetation increased to 10,236 ha in 2015, suggesting potential regrowth. Chord diagrams and pixel-based change maps reveal that transitions from sparse vegetation to urban and dense vegetation dominate the landscape change. Accuracy assessment indicates classification reliability improved from Landsat 7 to Landsat 8, with dense vegetation F1-score increasing from 0.21 to 0.81. This study demonstrated the utility of spectral indices and machine learning in early-stage LULC detection. It recommends future improvements using object-based classification, ground-truth validation, and deep learning for more robust environmental monitoring in resource-rich areas. This study contributes an early-stage LULC assessment framework for mining zones in Indonesia, which can inform future land governance and remote sensing policy applications.
The contribution of vegetation stratification and soil quality index in post-coal mining lands Herman, Welly; Iskandar, Iskandar; Budi, Sri Wilarso; Pulunggono, Heru Bagus; Kurniati, Kurniati; Rahmayuni, Erlina
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8647

Abstract

Open-pit coal mining causes environmental degradation, disrupting ecosystem functions and reducing soil quality. This study evaluated the contribution of vegetation stratification and the Soil Quality Index (SQI) in supporting the recovery of post-coal mining land. The research was conducted on revegetated sites of varying ages (2006-2022) within the PT Allied Indo Coal Jaya mining area in Sawahlunto, West Sumatra. Vegetation structure was analyzed based on five vertical strata: trees, poles, saplings, seedlings, and understory. Concurrently, soil quality was assessed using the SQI, which incorporates physical, chemical, and biological soil parameters. They showed that revegetated sites older than 10 years exhibited more complex vegetation structures and significantly higher SQI values. Among the strata, understory frequency showed the strongest correlation with SQI (r = 0.907), followed by tree density (r = 0.530), reflecting the crucial role of these two layers in enhancing organic matter, microbial activity, and soil stability. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified soil pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, microbial biomass, and soil permeability as the key indicators contributing to SQI formation. These findings confirm that the interaction between vegetation stratification and soil quality plays a central role in accelerating ecosystem recovery and supporting the long-term sustainability of post-mining land revegetation.
Hypocenter relocation to identify hidden faults and their environmental implications in the karst region of Maros-Pangkep, South Sulawesi Wulur, Kevin Hanyu Clinton; Junaedi, Subaer; Susanto, Agus; Purba, Joshua; Priadi, Ramadhan
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8663

Abstract

The Maros-Pangkep region in South Sulawesi is a tropical karst landscape not officially mapped as an active fault zone, yet it has exhibited increasing micro-seismic activity in recent years. This study investigates the potential existence of hidden faults through hypocenter relocation using the double-difference method. A total of 191 earthquake events with magnitudes of 1-2.6 were successfully relocated using BMKG catalog data and the IASP91 global velocity model. The resulting hypocenters form a northwest–southeast-trending cluster, with fault plane geometry of 333°–346° strike, 8°–9° dip, and ~11 km length. These events cluster along boundaries of the Tonasa, Camba, and intrusive rocks, where competence contrast and karstification localize deformation. To complement the spatial analysis, magnitude–frequency characteristics were evaluated using the Gutenberg–Richter relationship. The estimated b-value of 1.34 indicates a low-stress regime dominated by small-magnitude seismicity, consistent with distributed deformation in brittle, heterogeneous lithologies. Although micro-seismic in scale, the spatial and statistical patterns suggest the presence of a structurally weak and potentially seismogenic zone that is not reflected in current tectonic maps. These findings underscore the importance of including the Maros–Pangkep region of South Sulawesi in seismic hazard assessments and land management efforts. The integration of relocation techniques and seismicity statistics proves effective for detecting latent fault structures in complex karst settings. In addition to seismic risks, such activity may accelerate land degradation through sinkholes, aquifer disruption, and ground instability, highlighting the value of geophysical assessments in managing vulnerable karst environments.
Assessment of landslide vulnerability in Palopo City of South Sulawesi based on geological factors using a digital surface model Witno, Witno; Nuryanti, Dewi Marwati; Yumna, Yumna; Maria, Maria; Putri, Andi Utami Batari
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8781

Abstract

Landslides are natural hazards driven by both triggering and controlling geological factors. Comprehensive assessments of landslide-prone areas and their associated volumes are essential for understanding present-day risks and informing effective mitigation strategies. This study investigates landslide vulnerability in Battang and Battang Barat Villages, Palopo City, with a focus on geological conditions, landslide extent and volume, and spatial vulnerability using Digital Surface Model (DSM) analysis. Field data were collected from 14 landslide sites through GPS mapping and aerial surveys using a DJI Mavic 2 drone. The data were processed using Agisoft Metashape Professional to generate DSM and orthomozaic imagery, while spatial analyses were performed in ArcGIS 10.5. Landslide area and volume calculations were conducted using PCI Geomatica. The analysis revealed that the average landslide-affected area is 0.30 hectares, with an estimated average volume of 5,195.58 m³. The dominant soil types include Dystric Fluvisols, Humic Ferralsols, and Ferric Acrisols, underlain by geological formations such as Lamasi Volcanic Rocks, the Latimojong Formation, and Palopo Granite. Slope gradients range from flat to steep, and land cover is primarily composed of scrub and dryland forest. The study classifies landslide vulnerability into medium and high categories, providing critical insight for site-specific hazard mitigation and land-use planning.
Contribution of optical and radar remote sensing to the monitoring of wetland dynamics in western Algeria Fekir, Youcef; Cherouati, Brahim; Khalladi, Rachid; Anteur, Djamel; Hamadouche, Mohammed Amine
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8795

Abstract

Monitoring and mapping surface water dynamics is a key element in studying and modelling their roles in any hydrological system. However, the fast and accurate extraction of these surfaces is a major challenge due to the spatio-temporal variety of surface water bodies. Through its spatial and temporal capabilities and the synoptic view it offers, remote sensing becomes a very powerful tool in this kind of problem. In recent years, Sentinel 2 optical and Sentinel 1 radar data have shown their effectiveness in the study of natural resources and water surfaces in particular. In this context, this study has taken advantage of remote sensing data to detect and extract surface water bodies. The approach adopted in this work is to use indices derived from high-resolution satellite images for the period 2015-2020. For this, this study used a series of Sentinel 2 MSI (Multi-Spectral Imager) multi-spectral images and Sentinel 1 synthetic radar images. These images are acquired over the Merdja Sidi Abed dam located in western Algeria and allowed us to derive spectral indices by combining several bands such as: Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Modified Normalised Difference Water Index (MNDWI), and the radar backscatter coefficient (????0). The automatic extraction of the dam extent shows a significant degradation of the surface, which has fallen from 815 ha in 2015 to 28 ha in 2020. The signal sensitivity of radar sensors such as Sentinel 1 and the better spatial (10 m) and temporal (5 days) resolution of the Sentinel 2 MSI sensor are very practical ways to track water bodies over time.
An evaluation of the Palani Taluk groundwater quality and its pertinence for agricultural and drinking water in Tamil Nadu, India scarcity problems Balasubramanian, Shanmuharajan Meenakshi; Bhaskar, Aparna S.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8849

Abstract

The groundwater quality and its appropriateness for consumption and farming applications were studied in Palani Taluk, Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu, India. Groundwater is essential for human existence and agriculture; nevertheless, it has been subjected to a plethora of factors, including overexploitation, land use alterations, and climatic variations that deteriorate quantity and quality. A total of groundwater samples were collected and analyzed during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons for the evaluation of the physico-chemical parameters, major ion chemistry, and irrigation suitability indices. The results indicated that electrical conductivity (EC) possessed a strong positive correlation with several parameters prominent in salinity-related water quality degradation. The pre-monsoon samples statistically indicated a lower quality than the post-monsoon samples, but within permissible limits for consumption and irrigation in most instances. Total hardness (Th) and total dissolved solids (TDS) show several to be ranged from hard to very hard in the pre-monsoon season. Gibbs plot analysis indicated that only one or two samples were located in the evaporation dominance zone, whereby contamination through surface activities like irrigation, return flow, and domestic discharge has remained minimal. Most of these samples were rated as good for irrigation in almost all soils, except for a few with medium to high salinity hazards. The study overall showed that groundwater in the region has been mainly suitable for drinking and agricultural uses, with seasonal variations affecting quality, stressing the need for continuous monitoring to reduce decay risks.
Temporarily degraded physical properties of pyroclastic materials from Mount Semeru: Can they be improved after reclamation with vegetation and indigenous microbes? Albarki, Georona Kusma; Sizilia, Vannya Julia; Kurniawan, Syahrul; Kusuma, Zaenal; Utami, Sri Rahayu
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8865

Abstract

The eruption of Mount Semeru in East Java released pyroclastic materials that damaged agroecosystems and degraded the soil physical properties. Pyroclastic materials tend to form surface crusts, leading to compaction and decreased permeability, which hinders soil recovery. To accelerate rehabilitation, adaptive vegetation and indigenous microbes were introduced to improve the physical properties of pyroclastic materials. This study aimed to assess the incorporation of indigenous microbes and adaptive vegetation in improving soil quality after an eruption. This study employed a factorial randomized complete block design with two factors: vegetation type, i.e., Napier grass (Vn), Centrosema sp. (Vc), and Indigofera sp. (Vi); and microbial application, i.e., without microbes (M0) and with indigenous microbes (M1). Soil bulk density, total porosity, permeability, available water content, and evapotranspiration were measured. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD at 5% significance level, followed by regression and correlation analysis. The results showed that incorporating indigenous microbes with adaptive vegetation significantly increased total porosity, permeability, and available water content while decreasing bulk density and evapotranspiration. Specifically, the Napier grass with microbe treatment (VnM1) was most effective in reducing compaction, attributed to its extensive root system and enhanced microbial activity. This treatment improved water retention and provided a sustainable solution for rehabilitating pyroclastic materials, supporting long-term agricultural recovery after the eruption.

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