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Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 2339076X     EISSN : 25022458     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management is managed by the International Research Centre for the Management of Degraded and Mining Lands (IRC-MEDMIND), research collaboration between Brawijaya University, Mataram University, Massey University, and Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences-China Papers dealing with result of original research, and critical reviews on aspects directed to the management of degraded and mining lands covering topography of a landscape, soil and water quality, biogeochemistry, ecosystem structure and function, and environmental, economic, social and health impacts are welcome with no page charge
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Articles 952 Documents
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From resources to reserves: a real option approach to quarry mining in the Aimasi River, West Papua Setiawan, Arif; Hutapea, Ricardo O. M.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9343

Abstract

The Aimasi River in West Papua contains substantial sand and gravel deposits with potential for quarry development. While previous assessments emphasized geological aspects, their economic feasibility has not been systematically examined. This study applied Net Present Value (NPV) and Real Options Analysis (ROA) to evaluate the viability of investments and their implications for converting resources into reserves. The NPV of the proposed project is USD 5,915.56, which is considerably lower than the option value of deferring the investment for one year (USD 116,197.59). Extending the decision horizon from one to three years raises the option value from USD 61,650.15 to USD 116,197.59. Several nodes yield positive payoffs, supporting immediate investment (classified as proved reserves) or deferral (classified as probable reserves), while nodes with zero payoffs are more appropriately classified as resources. These findings demonstrate the value of ROA in bridging geological potential and economic feasibility, thereby strengthening the framework for resource-to-reserve conversion in small-scale quarry mining.
GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping in IV Koto, Matur, and Tanjung Raya Subdistricts of Agam Regency, West Sumatra Maiyudi, Riko; Octova, Adree; Anaperta, Yoszi Mingsi; Gusman, Mulya; Yulhendra, Dedi; Naldo, Exwil; Baron, Adhitya
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9319

Abstract

Landslides are a recurrent hazard in West Sumatra, driven by steep slopes, high rainfall, and expanding human activity on unstable terrain. This study assesses landslide susceptibility in IV Koto, Matur, and Tanjung Raya Subdistricts of Agam Regency, West Sumatra using a Geographic Information System (GIS) framework. Slope gradients were derived from DEMNAS (Digital Elevation Model Nasional), land use data were reclassified based on expected stability effects, and rainfall statistics were discretized into intensity classes. These standardized layers were integrated through a weighted overlay to produce a susceptibility surface, subsequently partitioned into two classes: vulnerable and very vulnerable. The results highlight elongated belts of very vulnerable terrain where steep slopes coincide with high rainfall and disturbed land covers such as settlements, open fields, and mining areas. Cross-sectional profiles with gradients of   40.9-56% confirmed the geomorphic plausibility of the mapping. The outputs provide actionable guidance for spatial planning, disaster preparedness, and conservation, while offering a transparent baseline for more advanced susceptibility models as data availability improves.
Examining the several vegetation indices values to estimate carbon stock at the mining reclamation area of PT. Adaro Indonesia, South Kalimantan Rachmanadi, Dony; Nugraha, Luthfan Meilana; Choiron, Dodik; Riadhah, Mekka; Husin, Rusdi; Triwibowo, Didik; Ajiddinnor, Ajiddinnor
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9427

Abstract

Revegetation of coal mine reclamation areas contributes to environmental improvement by sequestering carbon through vegetation. This study aimed to estimate carbon stocks in reclaimed and post-mining areas of PT Adaro Indonesia using various vegetation indices to assess the areas' contribution to carbon sequestration and identify the most effective estimation method. Six vegetation indices—NDVI, RVI, SAVI, GNDVI, RDVI, and IPVI—were derived from drone-based multispectral imagery and combined with field sampling for enhanced accuracy. Carbon stock was calculated based on biomass, which correlates with tree size and other observable carbon pools. The results showed that, although the Tutupan site had lower vegetation diversity, it stored more carbon than the Paringin site. Among the indices tested, NDVI produced the most robust estimation model, demonstrating a high correlation and low standard error, indicating its strong predictive model for assessing carbon stocks in reclaimed mining lands.
Assessment of the soil chemical properties on the intensive coffee plantations in the Central Highlands, Vietnam Ky, Nguyen Vu; Trung, Ta Hoang; Anh, Pham Lan; Long, Hoang Hai; Truc, Dinh Thi Nha; Anh, Nguyen Huy
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9415

Abstract

The soil chemical properties in coffee-growing areas were important factors determining the growth, productivity, quality, and coffee flavour of Vietnam’s coffee. This study evaluated the soil chemical characteristics of intensive coffee lands in the four major coffee-producing provinces of the Central Highlands. A total of 1,095 soil samples were collected over a two-year period (from 2022 to 2023) within the coffee canopy to a depth of 30 cm for Robusta coffee. Chemical properties analyses were conducted at the Central Laboratory of the Western Highlands of Agriculture and Forestry Science Institute (WASI), focusing on five parameters: soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium. Results indicated that the coffee cultivation soils exhibited a high acidic pH value, with an average pH of 4.06. Organic matter content was generally high (4.25-5.40%), and total nitrogen fluctuated around the threshold of 0.19%. Available phosphorus was the most imbalanced nutrient, with excessive accumulation in Gia Lai, Dak Lak, and Lam Dong, while available potassium exhibited greater variability. Long-term monitoring (1994-2023) revealed a trend of gradual acidification over time under intensive coffee cultivation conditions. There was a significant accumulation of macronutrients, including total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and potassium, which raised signal inefficiencies in fertilizer management and increased risks of soil degradation and environmental pollution.
Spatial assessment of erosion and landslide hazards as indicators of land degradation in Solok Regency, West Sumatra Dasrizal, Dasrizal; Juita, Erna; Wilis, Ratna; Febriandi, Febriandi; Febriani, Trina
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9443

Abstract

This study conducted an integrated spatial assessment to identify and map erosion and landslide threats, determining high-risk degraded areas in Solok Regency. The methods combined the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) within a Geographic Information System (GIS) framework. The analysis revealed a critical disconnect between erosion and landslide risks. Although 52.1% of the total area (?101,500 ha) was classified as safe from erosion (EHI<1), a substantial portion of this “safe” land-39.4% and 6.94% of the total area, respectively, exhibited moderate to high landslide susceptibility. Conversely, within the 37.1% of the area unsafe from erosion (EHI>1), moderate and high landslide susceptibility covered 24.3% and 7.4% of the total area, respectively. These results demonstrated that landslide triggers are independent of surface erosion processes in many areas, often occurring in locations considered "safe" from erosion due to innate geological and geomorphological factors. This complex interplay necessitates distinct yet coordinated mitigation strategies. The findings provide crucial spatial data for safe land use planning and disaster mitigation in Solok Regency, with a methodology applicable to other vulnerable landscapes, such as post-mining areas.
Study of seawater intrusion in the coastal alluvial aquifer, West Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia Fajrianto, Rizq; Wilopo, Wahyu; Pranantya, Pulung Arya; Laowattanabandit, Pipat
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9399

Abstract

Seawater intrusion occurs when seawater enters aquifer systems, which happens a lot in coastal areas. The coastal zone of Tugu District, Semarang City, Central Java Province, is one such area where groundwater becomes increasingly vulnerable due to intensified pumping and land-use changes near the shoreline. This study aimed to ascertain the incidence of seawater intrusion in the western coastal region of Semarang and to examine its characteristics and sources using an integrated geological, hydrogeological, geophysical, groundwater geochemical, and stable-isotope analysis approach. A descriptive quantitative method was employed, including the measurement of 59 geological/hydrogeological sites, four geoelectrical soundings, and the acquisition of 14 groundwater samples from wells and springs. The parameters examined encompassed physical properties  (EC, TDS, pH), chemical composition (Cl?, Na?/Cl? ratio, Cl?/SO?²? ratio, Simpson index, and BEX), facies classifications using Piper diagrams, and stable isotope ratios (?¹?O and ?²H). The results showed that several locations, especially along the coast of Mojorejo and Mangkang Wetan Villages, had EC values exceeding 10,000 µS/cm and Cl? concentrations above 4,000 mg/L. Chemical ratios suggested that salinization processes are still active. Piper diagrams indicated that alkali-chloride type predominated in coastal areas. Isotope analysis showed that groundwater and seawater mixed. These findings demonstrated that the effects of intrusion have damaged shallow aquifers in the alluvial region. Managing coastal groundwater requires the stringent implementation of conservation zones, restrictions on borehole extraction, and the use of geoindicators for monitoring. A multidisciplinary approach remains essential for fully understanding seawater-intrusion dynamics in tropical coastal environments.
Sustainable small-scale mining through geological and resource estimation: a holistic, society-centred approach Mahlaule, Ntiyiso Ally; Sengani, Fhatuwani; Rapholo, Maropene Tebello Dina
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9505

Abstract

Sustainable small-scale mining (SSM) development presents both challenges and opportunities for stone resource economies. Having been characterised by informality, a lack of technology, and environmental degradation, SSM remains a significant global producer of geological raw materials, including stone resources. However, it often struggles with the appraisal of resources and the classification of reserves. Conventional geological methods, although effective, are not being considered. This study examined the traditional estimation of the contribution of stone techniques to sustainability and resource estimation in small-scale industries. Babanana Greyfield at Meadowbank Farm was selected as a case study area due to its accessibility and the availability of borehole information. Rotary drilling, core logging, and Avanza Solution methods were employed to collect the data necessary for constructing geological maps and cross-sections. Maptek Vulcan Quarry Modeller was also employed for 3-D modelling and estimation of stone resources. Results revealed that these techniques efficiently improved volume calculation, tonnage, resource, and reserve estimation. These traditional techniques have been proven to enhance accuracy, minimise environmental impact, and facilitate strategic planning when applied effectively. Nevertheless, financial and technical constraints persist. The validation of the methods used in the study revealed a 99.99% performance score. Thus, this study is considered highly reliable, as evidenced by the near-total concordance between the predicted and actual volumes, which implies great internal consistency in this study and hence reproducibility. The research suggests that training initiatives should focus on specific requirements, low-technology expenditure, and organisation by agencies such as ASPASA, the Department of Mineral Resources and Energy, and the Council for Geoscience to implement sustainable methods.
Phosphorus adsorption and release dynamics in calcareous soil as affected by humic and fulvic acids Aswad, Aswad H.; Hamid, Mohammed M.; Almeekh, Mohammad Tarkhan Abo; Ajeel, Mohammed R.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9463

Abstract

Humic and fulvic acids play a crucial role in enhancing phosphorus retention in calcareous soils. These organic acids increase phosphorus fixation on soil surfaces, thereby strengthening its binding and modifying its availability in the soil solution. Among the tested treatments, Fulvic Acid at 50 kg ha?¹ (F2) demonstrated the highest adsorption capacity, followed by Humic Acid at 50 kg ha?¹ (H2). Lower doses (H1 at 25 kg ha?¹ and F1 at 25 kg ha?¹) showed adsorption patterns that deviated from the Langmuir model, reflecting heterogeneity in binding sites. Increasing the dose revealed that fulvic acid consistently exhibited greater phosphorus uptake than humic acid. By enhancing both phosphorus storage and supply, fulvic acid improves nutrient use efficiency and supports agricultural productivity. Among the tested isotherm models, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich provided the best fits, indicating predominantly physical, reversible adsorption mechanisms. These findings suggest that the application of fulvic acid is effective for improving phosphorus retention in soils with similar calcareous properties. Further field trials are recommended to validate these laboratory results under practical agricultural conditions.
Synergistic effects of potassium humate and clay-rich soil on improving the chemical and physical properties of tin tailing Panghingguan, Lambang Praja; Hartono, Arief; Syaiful, Anwar
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9455

Abstract

West Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province, is one of Indonesia's main tin-producing areas. Mining activities in this area produce residues in the form of tailings that dominate the post-mining landscape. Tailings are a sand-textured medium with low water retention, unstable aggregate structure, and limited nutrient content. This condition hinders the use of land for ecological reclamation purposes. This experiment examined the effect of the combination of potassium humate and clay-rich soil on improving the quality of tin tailings. The method of experiment was an incubation method, and it was designed in a Completely Randomized Design with two factors. The factors were potassium humate and clay-rich soil.  The rates of potassium humate were 0% 0.50%, 1.00%, 1.50% while the rates of clay-rich soil were 0%, 5.00%, 10.0%, 20.0%. The parameters analyzed were organic Carbon (C), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), Water Holding Capacity (WHC), and soil pH.  The results showed that the combination of 1.50 % potassium humate and 20% clay-rich soil was the best treatment for increasing organic C content to 1.50% and CEC to 7.27 cmol(+)/kg. This treatment also increased the WHC to the level 18.8 %. As for soil pH, the treatment of 1.50% potassium humate without the application of clay-rich soil had the highest value, with a value of 8.02.  These findings proved that the integration of potassium humate and clay-rich soils significantly improved the chemical and physical characteristics of tin tailings, thereby increasing their feasibility as a sustainable reclamation medium.
The forest farmers' mindsets contribution to ecosystem degradation in Meru Betiri National Park, Indonesia: towards sustainable conservation through a translation practices approach Ikhsan, Fahrudi Ahwan; Sumarmi, Sumarmi; Utaya, Sugeng; Sugiarto, Agus; Heldayani, Eni
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9487

Abstract

Controlling land degradation in conservation areas requires improvement, especially given the spatial impacts of human-environment interactions within the Meru Betiri National Park Biosphere Reserve, Indonesia. Drawing upon geosystem theory, this study investigated land change issues stemming from human-environment interactions within Meru Betiri National Park's conservation area. This study adopted a mixed-methods design that incorporated field observations, surveys, and in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were obtained from observations of the degradation landscape and a survey of forest farmers, while qualitative data were collected through interviews with key observer participants. Data analysis was triangulated through a Forum Group Discussion (FGD) involving forest farmers and policymakers. The findings indicate that forest farmer conservation practices influence knowledge transformation, environmental education, and funding mechanisms. These elements are integral to a sustainable "translation approach" to restore the conservation area's ecological landscape. The impact of ecosystem restoration leads to significant spatial and contextual changes within the biosphere reserve's geosystem landscape. This study highlights the implications of the interplay among farmer thinking patterns, funding, and policies for enhancing welfare through a sustainable critical land conservation model. Applying this "translation approach" offers valuable spatial and temporal conservation insights in protected areas.

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