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Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 2339076X     EISSN : 25022458     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management is managed by the International Research Centre for the Management of Degraded and Mining Lands (IRC-MEDMIND), research collaboration between Brawijaya University, Mataram University, Massey University, and Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences-China Papers dealing with result of original research, and critical reviews on aspects directed to the management of degraded and mining lands covering topography of a landscape, soil and water quality, biogeochemistry, ecosystem structure and function, and environmental, economic, social and health impacts are welcome with no page charge
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Articles 952 Documents
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Improving substrate properties and foxtail millet growth in gold mine tailings using Azotobacter consortium Hindersah, Reginawanti; Adawiah, Aliya Zahrah; Suryatmana, Pujawati; Sule, Marenda Ishak Sonjaya; Wicaksono, Fiky Yulianto; Dewi, Triyani
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9293

Abstract

Improper disposal of mercury (Hg)-contaminated tailings on agricultural fields can reduce land quality for food production. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the Azotobacter consortium, comprising Azotobacter tropicalis S5, A. vinelandii S6a, and A. chrooccocum S9, on the Carbon-to-Nitrogen (C/N) ratio and Hg levels in tailings as well as foxtail millet growth, biomass, and mercury in plants. The experiment used a randomized block design with three levels of Azotobacter liquid inoculant, i.e., 3, 15, and 30 mL per pot, and six replications. The control did not receive inoculant. After six weeks, the treatment did not alter the pH, total nitrogen, organic carbon, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, or total mercury levels in the soil; however, it did promote an increase in shoot height and leaf number, without affecting plant biomass. Applying 30 mL/pot of Azotobacter inoculant enhanced Azotobacter and total bacterial populations in the rhizosphere. The Azotobacter inoculant did not alter nitrogen uptake but potentially reduced mercury content in the plants. The Pearson’s test showed that Azotobacter levels in the substrate were significantly correlated with the decreased mercury content of plants. These findings suggest that the application of the Azotobacter consortium can lead to improved plant growth and a reduction in mercury uptake by millet plants grown in tailing-based substrate. Further research is necessary to develop more effective inoculants and extend the study period.
Geospatial analysis of land degradation and settlement in Barru Regency: Implications for sustainable land management Amiruddin, Hamman Badruttamanan; Arif, Samsu; Sakka, Sakka
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9081

Abstract

Residential zones are designated for housing and activities that support livelihoods. In Barru Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, a growing population has increased the demand for residential land, intensifying land degradation issues such as landslides in Bulobulo Village, erosion in the Lisu Watershed, and mangrove loss on Pannikiang Island, which is fueled by unsustainable land use and mining practices. This study examined the relationship between population size and optimal settlement land, while assessing the compatibility of suitable land with the Barru Regency Spatial Plan (RTRW) for the period 2011-2031. The methodology employed geospatial analysis using GIS overlay techniques and mathematical modeling, incorporating flood and landslide vulnerability to evaluate carrying capacity. Results revealed that all sub-districts had a carrying capacity index (DDPm) above 1, but only 1,563.2 ha of the 33,694.2 ha identified as suitable overlapped with RTRW allocations, exposing a critical mismatch. This mismatch indicates that current spatial planning does not adequately integrate land degradation risks. The findings provide evidence-based guidance for revising the RTRW, supported by practical restoration strategies, including reforestation of degraded watersheds, slope stabilization in landslide-prone areas, and community-based mangrove rehabilitation. By linking geospatial mapping with management recommendations, this study contributes a novel framework for sustainable and disaster-resilient settlement planning on degraded lands.
Groundwater quality assessment and suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Jassan District, eastern Iraq Al-Mayyahi, Sattar Obaid Maiws; Al-Zamili, Hussein Ali Awadh
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9095

Abstract

Sustainable development in semi-arid and dry regions relies on maintaining freshwater resources, which necessitates thoughtful management of groundwater. Groundwater quality for irrigation and drinking in the Iraqi city of Jassan was evaluated in this study using the following methods: hydrogeochemical ion analysis, water quality standard comparison, the Water Quality Index (WQI), the Pollution Index of Groundwater (PIG), the sodium absorption ratio (SAR), the residual sodium carbonate (RSC), and the sodium soluble content (Na%). Seventeen wells were used to gather the groundwater samples. The Water Quality Index (WQI) study found that groundwater in 82.4% of the study area was not fit for human consumption, with 17.6% falling into the poor category and being better suited for other uses.   According to the PIG, the majority of samples from the study area are not suitable for human consumption. Depending on where the PIG is distributed, the well samples taken from the research area indicate moderate to very high pollution levels. The SAR, RSC, and Na% values were used to assess the suitability of groundwater for agricultural use in the Jassan region. The investigation confirmed that groundwater is suitable for agricultural irrigation. Based on the findings, it is not recommended to use the city's groundwater untreated, as it is not suitable for human consumption. On the other hand, the water quality is ideal for various irrigation purposes.
Hydrological modeling of small coastal peat island in degraded peatlands of Bengkalis Island, Riau Province Sutikno, Sigit; Yusa, Muhamad; Rinaldi, Rinaldi; Muhammad, Ahmad; Saputra, Hendra; Wardani, Khusnul Setia; Yamamoto, Koichi
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9163

Abstract

Small coastal peat islands such as Bengkalis (Riau, Indonesia) are hydrologically sensitive systems where groundwater level (GWL) controls ecosystem stability. Both extremes are hazardous: prolonged low GWL elevates peat-fire, subsidence, and carbon-loss risks, while excessively high GWL can trigger bog-burst. This study developed a simple empirical model to predict daily GWL in degraded peatlands on Bengkalis Island using in situ GWL data from three sites (drained, undrained inland, and undrained coastal) and GPM satellite rainfall (October 2023-April 2025). Calibrated over one year and validated over the next seven months, the model performed well at drained and coastal sites (R ~0.82, MAPE ~14%), capturing seasonal dynamics. In contrast, its performance at the inland site was lower (R ~0.5) due to minimal water table fluctuation. Coefficient values indicate the strongest rainfall response and fastest losses at the drained site, negligible daily loss at the inland site, and intermediate behavior at the coastal site. Scenario simulations highlight management-relevant risks: 15 rain-free days cause GWL to drop below the critical -0.40 m fire-risk threshold at the drained site and coastal site, whereas undrained inland remains just above it; conversely, 60 mm/day of rain for four days can raise GWL to the surface at coastal site (bog-burst risk). The model provides a practical tool for informing rewetting strategies to manage fire and collapse risks in degraded tropical peatlands.
Landslide susceptibility mapping based on K-Means and Self-Organizing Map clustering with Geographic Information System in Tasikmalaya, West Java Iryanti, Mimin; Ardi, Nanang Dwi; Nurjanah, Riska Siti
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9355

Abstract

Landslides are one of the most frequent natural disasters in Indonesia, primarily caused by complex topographic conditions, high rainfall intensity, and extensive land use changes. This study aimed to map landslide-susceptibility areas in Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java, using the K-Means Clustering and Self-Organizing Map (SOM) methods, visualized through a Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The data utilized include Landsat 8 satellite imagery for calculating the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) indices, elevation and slope data derived from Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and 2024 rainfall data from the Indonesian Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG). Each variable was classified into five categories based on gridcode values to facilitate spatial analysis. The clustering results revealed two main groups, with the first cluster showing higher landslide potential due to a combination of steep slopes, moderate rainfall, and a high level of urban development. This cluster recorded a Silhouette Coefficient value of 0.75, indicating a high level of landslide vulnerability. In contrast, the other cluster represented more stable terrain, with a Silhouette Coefficient of 0.72. This study is expected to serve as a reference for developing disaster risk-based spatial planning and mitigation strategies.
Modification of contour planting system and its impact on improving infiltration characteristics of suboptimal land and soybean yields Sunarti, Sunarti; Endriani, Endriani; Fuadi, Najla Anwar
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9111

Abstract

Low infiltration is one of the limiting factors on suboptimal land for agriculture. The infiltration is closely related to the soil's available water for plants. Low infiltration impacts soybean productivity. The contour planting system is a soil and water conservation technology that can be applied to increase infiltration. This research aimed to examine the impact of modifying the contour planting system on the infiltration characteristics of suboptimal land and soybean yields. The research used a quantitative approach with experimental methods (split-plot design) and three replications. The main plot treatment was the position of the land on the slope (the upper, middle, and lower). The subplot treatment was the contour planting system (standard contour planting system, 30o, 45o, and 60o from the contour line). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the modification of contour planting systems had no significant effect compared to the standard contour planting system in improving organic carbon content, bulk density, infiltration characteristics, and soybean plant height. The standard contour system resulted in higher soybean yields than the modification of the contour planting system. The position of the soil had a significant influence on soil properties, infiltration characteristics, plant height, and yields of soybeans. The soil characteristics, infiltration characteristics, and soybean yields resulting from standard and modification of contour planting systems showed suboptimal improvements. Therefore, further studies are needed to optimize the application of modification of contour planting systems to support the implementation of conservation agriculture systems.
Sustainable management strategies for degraded subak rice fields in South Denpasar, Bali Ambarini, Lina Anandari Dwi; Frimawaty, Evi; Herdiansyah, Herdis
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9199

Abstract

Rapid urbanization has accelerated the degradation of subak rice fields in Bali, manifested through pollution of irrigation channels and reduced agricultural productivity. This study assessed the extent and characteristics of land degradation in South Denpasar and formulated sustainable management strategies for restoring the ecological and cultural integrity of the subak system. The Logical Framework Approach (LFA) was applied to identify key problems, analyze causal relationships, and develop measurable strategies. Data were obtained through questionnaires, interviews, field observations, and document analysis. Results showed that approximately 87 hectares of subak land were lost within five years, driven by weak spatial enforcement, domestic and industrial waste pollution, and limited farmer regeneration. The study formulated five priority strategies: (1) enforcement of land use regulations, (2) economic incentives for conservation farming, (3) integration of Tri Hita Karana values, (4) farmer capacity building through digital technology and (5) improved irrigation maintenance. The research highlights that sustaining the subak system requires a multi dimensional management approach integrating ecological restoration, socio economic empowerment, and cultural revitalization. Adoption of this framework by local authorities can enhance urban land governance, strengthen farmer livelihoods, and preserve Bali’s cultural agricultural heritage amid ongoing urban pressures.
Evaluation of soil and water properties in relation to indicative rice productivity in the coastal fields of Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia Nasrudin, Nasrudin; Kurniasih, Budiastuti; Putra, Eka Tarwaca Susila; Hanudin, Eko
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9121

Abstract

Coastal rice fields often have sandy textures, high salinity, low organic matter, and frequent waterlogging caused by seawater intrusion. These conditions, together with fluctuating rainfall, alter soil chemical properties and negatively affect crop cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate soil chemical properties, assess water quality, and analyze their relationship with rice productivity in the coastal rice fields of Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia. Composite soil samples were collected from areas of 5-7 ha and analyzed for their chemical properties. Water quality was assessed based on the levels of dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate, phosphate, electrical conductivity (EC), and pH. Data were analyzed descriptively, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to group the sampling points. The results showed that organic C and total N were low to moderate, while available-Si and exchangeable K+ were very low. In contrast, P?O?, exchangeable Na+, and exchangeable Mg2+ were very high, whereas cation exchange capacity (CEC) and exchangeable Ca2+ were low to moderate. Based on EC and water table depth, PCA grouped the 20 sampling points into three clusters: high salinity (points 16-19), waterlogging (points 2-7), and relatively normal conditions (points 1, 8-15, 20). Average rice productivity was 2.48 t ha-1 in cluster 1, less than 1 t ha-1 in cluster 2, and 3,63 t ha-1 in cluster 3. These findings highlight the need for site-specific land and water management strategies to sustain rice cultivation in coastal areas.
Characterization of suspended sediment dynamics in Tanjung Pasir, Banten, Indonesia: Implications for the National Capital Integrated Coastal Development (NCICD) program's coastal reservoir Rachman, Reno Arief; Suharyanto, Hamzah Haru Radityo; Widagdo, Aloysius Bagyo; Airawati, Maria Noosa; Fauzi, Ibnu; Putri, Nofika Cahyani; Yulianto, Fajar; Perdana, Dhedy Husada Fadjar; Wibowo, Mardi
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9371

Abstract

The proposed National Capital Integrated Coastal Development (NCICD) Program envisions a Coastal Reservoir (CR) in the Tanjung Pasir waters of Banten, Indonesia, as a critical component to address pressing environmental challenges in the Jakarta Bay area. This multi-functional CR aims to secure raw water supply and mitigate saline water intrusion into coastal aquifers. A primary concern in the design and long-term viability of this CR is sedimentation, directly influenced by suspended sediment concentrations (SSC). This study presents a basic characterization of suspended sediment dynamics in the Tanjung Pasir waters. Utilizing a methodology encompassing in-situ sampling, laboratory analysis, and data interpretation, the findings revealed an average SSC of 89.31 mg/L, with a range of 5-200 mg/L. These concentrations align with Indonesian Government Regulation PP 22 of 2021, indicating suitability for various uses including aquaculture, tourism, and port activities. Notably, suspended sediment concentrations at the near-bed layer (0.8d) were marginally higher than those observed in the mid-depth (0.6d) and surface (0.2d) layers, suggesting a typical vertical distribution pattern influenced by hydrodynamic forces. This research produced very important empirical data as a basis for designing and validating action research on suspended sediment management, which aims to improve CR design parameters, predict sedimentation rates, and ensure the long-term operational sustainability of this infrastructure.
Nutrient and productivity indices as tools for soil fertility assessment in Chebli, Mitidja Plain, Algeria Laribi, Abdelkader; Krireche, Amel; Dehnoun, Zahida
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9191

Abstract

Ensuring food security in the face of growing global demand and environmental constraints requires sustainable management of agricultural soils. Soil chemical fertility plays a critical role in crop productivity and, consequently, in the long-term capacity of agricultural systems to meet food demands. In this context, assessing the status of key soil nutrients, namely nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, is essential for guiding effective land management strategies. The municipality of Chebli was selected for this research. Eighteen composite soil samples were collected from the surface horizon (0-20 cm) and analyzed for major fertility indicators. The study evaluated the chemical fertility of agricultural soils using both the Nutrient Index classification and the Productivity Index. All soils exhibited low total N concentrations (0.10% to 0.23%). Available P concentrations ranged from 2.07 to 75.46 mg kg?¹, with a mean value of 19.70 mg kg?¹, while available K concentrations were low (<0.4 cmol kg?1). The Nutrient Index assessment classified the soils of Chebli as having moderate fertility with respect to organic matter and available phosphorus, and low fertility for nitrogen and potassium (NI pattern: MLML). In addition, the Productivity Index identified three distinct productivity classes, with a dominance of the moderate productivity class (PI between 41 and 60). These findings provide a scientific basis for developing site-specific fertilization strategies and sustainable soil management practices. Future research should focus on long-term monitoring and the use of organic amendments to enhance both soil fertility and crop productivity.

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