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AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 01260537     EISSN : 24778516     DOI : https://doi.org/10.17503
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Brawijaya Indonesia in collaboration with Indonesian Agronomy Association (PERAGI). The aims of the journal are to publish and disseminate high quality, original research papers and article review in plant science i.e. agronomy, horticulture, plant breeding, soil sciences, plant protection and other pertinent field related to plant production. AGRIVITA is published three times per year. The Journal has been indexed in SCOPUS, Scimago Journal Ranks (SJR), Emerging Source Citation Index ( ESCI-Web of Science), EBSCO, ProQuest, Google Scholar and others international indexing. AGRIVITA is accredited first grade (Sinta 1/S1) for five years (2018-2023) based on Decree No: 30/E/KPT/2018 by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (Ristek Dikti), The Republic of Indonesia. We accept submission from all over the world. All submitted articles shall never been published elsewhere, original and not under consideration for other publication.
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Articles 26 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 35, No 1 (2013)" : 26 Documents clear
RHIZOME YIELD OF TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) AT N, P, K VARIOUS LEVEL AND N, K COMBINATION Nihayati, Ellis; Wardiyati, Tatik; Sumarno, Sumarno; Retnowati, Rurini
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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The role of N, P and K on temulawak have not been clear enough to explain the need  in  temulawak  rhizome in order to get high yield. The experiment was conducted in a screen house in  Malang East Java with an altitude of 500 m asl. from Desember 2010 - August 2011. There were 4 experiments in series, consisting of N, P, K various level and N,K alone and combination on the growth and  quantity  of rhizome arranged in  randomized block design comprising 7 levels of fertilizer per plant with 3 replications. The treatments of urea (N), SP36 (P) consisted of 0, 1,25, 2,5, 3,75, 5, 6,25 and 7.5 g. The KCl (K) comprised 0, 1,5, 3, 4,5, 6, 7,5 and 9 g. The N, K alone and combination treatments consisted of (No fertilizer, N, K, NK g /plant). The results of this research were N, P, K optimum dose of each N 6.25 g N / plant P2O5/tan P 6.25 g, K 7.5 g K2O / plant increased temulawak rhizome dry weight. Combination 4.5 g N + 2.8 g K / plant could increase temulawak rhizome dry weight by 33% compared to the addition of N and 220% when compared to the addition of a single K harvesting age 6 months. Keyword : Curcuma xanthorriza, rhizome, N, P, K.
ABILITY TEST OF SEVERAL ANTAGONISTS TO CONTROL POTATO BACTERIAL WILT IN THE FIELD Soesanto, Loekas; Manan, Abdul; Wachjadi, Muljo; Mugiastuti, Endang
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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The research objective was to know ability of antagonistic microbes to control bacterial wilt on potato in the field. This research was carried out at Serang Village, Karangreja Subdistrict, Purbalingga Regency from June up to August 2012. The antagonist, originally isolated from potato field, was Bacillus sp. B2 and B4, and Pseudomonas sp. P19 and P20. Based on the research result, Pseudomonas P19 could control the disease on potato with delaying incubation period of 78.95%, suppressing disease intensity of 51.57%, decreasing final pathogenic population of 99.74%, and inducing plant resistance with increasing saponin, tannin, and glycoside content. However, the antagonist could not increase growth and yield of potato.  Keywords: antagonistic microbes, bacterial wilt, potato
BIO-SUPERPHOSPHATE (BIO-SP) APPLICATION ON SUGAR CANE (Saccharum officinarum L.) Goenadi, Didiek Hadjar; Santi, Laksmita Prima
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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The highest expense on sugarcane management is fertilization in which one of them is phosphate fertilizer produced by imported raw materials.  An innovation was made by using the local phosphate deposits with low reactivity processed further to improve their effectiveness for sugarcane. The objective of this study was to investigate the growth, yield and quality of sugarcane as affected by bio-superphosphate (Bio-SP) application on a highly weathered tropical soil. A nine-month field experiment was conducted at Jatitujuh Sugar Mill area, West Java, Indonesia, comparing between sugarcane fertilized with Bio-SP to replace conventional single superphosphate (SP-36) and that fertilized with SP-36. Urea and MOP (Muriate of Potash) were applied at similar dosages as recommended by division of Jatitujuh Sugar Mill Agronomy Research. Bio-SP was formulated by reacting a Central Java Rock Phosphate with liquid culture supernatant (LCS) and phosphoric acid characterized by 33% total soluble P2O5, 23.1, and 10.7 % citric acid and water-soluble P2O5, respectively. The results indicated that Bio-SP at 50% dosage of SP-36 was as effective as the SP-36 in supporting sugarcane growth and improved yield up to 8% as crystal sugar.  Further consequence of this finding is that the application of Bio-SP reduced 9.2% of fertilizer cost for sugarcane. Keywords: microbial enrichment, highly weathe-red soils, fertilizer efficiency
ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA FUNGI AS AN INDICATOR OF SOIL FERTILITY Muhibuddin, Anton; Djauhari, Syamsuddin; Syibli, Muhammad Akhid
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous organism that forms association with the root of most terrestrial plants. AMF association also influence soil fertility through the enhancement of chemical, biological and physical content. In this study, we enumerated AMF spores from rhizosphere of Tithonia difersivolia as an indicator of soil fertility. The results showed that the most fertile soil had the highest AMF spores density. This research has confirmed that AMF has high interaction with organic carbon, organic matter, total phosphorus, cation exchange capacity, water level, soil fungi and soil bacteria. Partial regression analysis revealed the mathematic equation for their interaction. This equation used the abundant of AMF spores as an indicator for chemical, biological and physical fertility of the soil.                 Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF), indicator, soil fertility, Tithonia difersivolia  
IMPACT OF BIOFIELD TREATMENT ON GINSENG AND ORGANIC BLUEBERRY YIELD Sances, Frank; Flora, Eric; Patil, Shrikant; Spence, Amy; Shinde, Vishal
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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This study tested the Null Hypothesis for the effect of BioField Energy applied to two separate crops under typical growing conditions, namely ginseng and organic blueberry in commercial plantings in Wisconsin and California, respectively.  Following treatment to replicated plots in standard experimental design, data were collected at harvest for yield quantity and quality.  Ginseng plants treated both pre-harvest and a combination of pre- and post-harvest showed market grade increases of 33.3% and 40.0%, respectively.  Point of sale gross return for this crop is dependent upon tuber quality, and from these data the economics of these treatments were calculated.  Based on stand adjusted yields and quality values, a combination of pre- and post-harvest treatment increased gross income by 57.4%.  The second crop showed similar trends in positive responses. In the two blueberry varieties studied, Emerald treated plants showed 96% statistical increase in yield, while Jewel showed 31% increase.  At the time of treatment, each variety was in a different stage of flowering. The Emerald variety was in the flowering stage, and Jewel was predominately in the fruiting stage. Both treated cultivars however demonstrated increased yield quantity and quality.  The specific mechanisms that lead to these preliminary results need further investigation. Keywords: crop yield, biofield treatment, ginseng, blueberry
CONTRIBUTION OF AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM IN MAINTAINING CARBON STOCKS AND REDUCING EMISSION RATE AT JANGKOK WATERSHED, LOMBOK ISLAND markum, markum; Ariesoesiloningsih, Endang; Suprayogo, Didik; Hairiah, Kurniatun
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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Abstract

Agroforestry systems under rules of community-based forest management support local livelihoods in  the Jangkok watershed, Lombok Island. One of the conditions from the forest authoritiesfor allowing  agroforestry system is that it should maintain forest conditions. Since 1995 the Jangkok watershed has undergone rapid land use change, especially in the forest area. These changes led to a reduction of carbon stocks and thus to emission of CO2. This research aimed to: (1) Measure the carbon stocks in several land use system within the Jangkok watershed, (2) Assess the contribution of agroforestry systems in maintaining carbon stocks and reducing emissions. The assesment was performed based on the RaCSA (Rapid Carbon Stock Appraisal) method using three phases: (1) Classify land use change applying TM5 Landsat Satellite images for the period 1995-2009, (2) Measure carbon stock in the main  land uses identified, (3) Quantify the contribution of agroforestry practices. Results showed that (1) The total amount of carbon stock at Jangkok watershed (19,088ha) was 3.69 Mt (193 Mg ha-1); about 23% of this stock found in the agroforestry systems (32% of the area),(2) Gross CO2 emission from the Jangkok watershed was 8.41 Mg ha-1 yr-1, but due to the net gain in agroforestry of 2.55 Mg ha-1 yr-1 the net emission became 5.86 Mg ha-1 yr-1   Keywords:  agroforestry, carbon stocks, carbon emission rate
Growth and Yield Stability of Sweet Potato Clones across Four Locations in East Nusa Tenggara Mau, Yosep Seran; Ndiwa, Antonius S. S.; Arsa, I.G.B. Adwita; Oematan, Shirly S.
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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A number of promising sweet potato clones from East Nusa Tenggara and a checked cultivar were evaluated in several locations for the following objectives:  1) to elucidate genotype by environment effect on growth and yield of the sweet potato clones, and 2) to determine growth and yield stability of the clones across diverse locations in East Nusa Tenggara province. The study was carried out in four locations and was laid out in a Randomized Block Design consisting of 10 sweet potato genotypes as treatments and two replicates. Obtained data were subjected to combined analysis of variance to determine GxE interaction, followed by stability analysis based on joint regression model of Eberhart and Russell. Research results revealed that genotypes, locations and genotype by location interaction posed significant effect on the observed variables. Most of the evaluated clones were unstable for vegetative growth characters but were stable for tuber yield and yield components. The local clone LB-01 produced the highest mean tuber yield over all locations, averaging at 4.15 kg.plant-1 (~ 46.11 t.ha-1).  Two local clones, i.e. ON-06 and LB-01, and the check cultivar Kidal were the most stable clones for tuber yield and yield components across diverse environments.     Keywords: growth, yield, stability, sweet potato, location
IMPROVEMENT OF PHOSPHATE FERTILIZATION METHOD IN WETLAND RICE Cahyono, Ongko; Hartati, Sri
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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The low efficiency of Phosphate fertilization on wetland rice may be overcame by using quickly dissolve P fertilizer. However, for soils containing high dissolve Fe, such as Alfisol and Oxisol, will induce the formation of Fe-P bonding. Therefore, to use the quickly dissolve P fertilizer  in such soils should be done by split application. The research aimed to assess better P fertilization method for wetland rice which used quickly dissolve P fertilizer given in split application. The research concluded that the application of quickly dissolve P fertilizer to Alfisol and Oxisol which was applied in split application by twice (0 and 30 days after planting) and three times (0, 15 and 30 days after planting) increased the eficiency of P fertilization in wetland rice.  The split application of 75 kgs perhectare (one half of recommended dose) in Alfisol yielded dry seed as high as 6,374 kgs per hectare (at the twice application), 6,280 kgs per hectare (the three times application)c while the control treatment yielded as high as 6,027 kgs per hectare.  In Oxisol the yield of rice was 8,200 kgs per hectare fo the control treatment, 8,027 kgs per hectare for the twice application and 8,440 kgs per hectare for the three time applications.
IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIAL WILT AND LEAF BLIGHT DISEASE ON MAIZE (Zea mays) FOUND IN KEDIRI, INDONESIA Aini, Luqman Qurata; Suryani, Lilis; Sugiharto, Arifin Noor; Abadi, Abdul Latief
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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Recently, a new bacterial disease of maize (Zea mays) was observed in Kediri, East Java, Indonesia. Infected plants showed wilt symptoms occasionally accompanied by leaf blight. This study aims to characterize the causal agent of bacterial wilt and leaf blight of maize observed in Kediri. Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacteria were isolated from the diseased tissues. All bacterial strains (KD1A, KB2A, KD1, KD4, KB1) gave positive result both in the hypersensitive response and pathogen-nicity assays. However, only KD1 and KB1 strains could be re-isolated from the diseased tissues. Based on several physiological and biochemical assays, the bacteria resembled Pantoea agglomerans. Moreover, the strains showed negative result on PCR amplification using HRP1d and HRP3r, a primer pair specific for detection of P. stewartii subsp. stewartii. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence of KD1 and KB1 showed highest homology at 88% and 90%, respectively to P. agglomerans strain DSM 3493 (NR 0419781).  The homology values were too low to conclude that the bacteria were similar to P. agglomerans. These results suggest that bacterial pathogens isolated from maize in Kediri were strains of Pantoea sp. Keywords: maize, Pantoea sp., wilt, leaf blight
INFECTION PROCESS OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI Metarhizium anisopliae IN THE Tetranychus kanzawai (KISHIDA) (TETRANYCHIDAE: ACARINA) Sanjaya, yayan; Ocampo, Virginia R.; Caoili, Barbara L.
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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The importance of fungal attack to acarina has been observed but not yet on Tetranychus kanzawai. When infected mite, either within in a same  species or even in a different  species of  entomopathigenic probably  have  similar signs and simptoms to mites.  Characteristic of entomopathogenic fungus to Tetranychus kanza-wai was investigated. Three selected isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae, from Philippines and Indonesia were evaluated. The following aspects were investigated: (1) Bioassay tes of virulence, (2) Koch Postulate and (3) Infection process on each fungus against mite. Virulence of  Metarhizium anisopliae was 1.4 X 103, 7.2 X 102 , 5 X 102  PIB per ml on Ma4, Ma5 and Ma6, respectively. On Koch Postulates, Reinoculation and reisolation of all seven isolates from infected T. kanzawai showed definite signs of infection. This demonstrated its entomopathogenic capacity. In this experiment, adult mites were sprayed with 108 per ml concentrations of conidia observed under light microscope and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The result found  T. kanzawai was very susceptible to three isolates M. anisopliae. In the end of the trials, fungal growth was detectable as early as 2 until 4 days of observation. Infection process with microphoto-graph and Scanning Electro Microscopy showed attachment, germination and penetration, extrusion and conidiogenesis fungal form.   Keywords: Infection, Tetranychus kanzawai, Metarhizium anisopliae, Light micros-copy, Scanning Electro Microscopy (SEM)

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