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IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIAL WILT AND LEAF BLIGHT DISEASE ON MAIZE (Zea mays) FOUND IN KEDIRI, INDONESIA Aini, Luqman Qurata; Suryani, Lilis; Sugiharto, Arifin Noor; Abadi, Abdul Latief
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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Abstract

Recently, a new bacterial disease of maize (Zea mays) was observed in Kediri, East Java, Indonesia. Infected plants showed wilt symptoms occasionally accompanied by leaf blight. This study aims to characterize the causal agent of bacterial wilt and leaf blight of maize observed in Kediri. Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacteria were isolated from the diseased tissues. All bacterial strains (KD1A, KB2A, KD1, KD4, KB1) gave positive result both in the hypersensitive response and pathogen-nicity assays. However, only KD1 and KB1 strains could be re-isolated from the diseased tissues. Based on several physiological and biochemical assays, the bacteria resembled Pantoea agglomerans. Moreover, the strains showed negative result on PCR amplification using HRP1d and HRP3r, a primer pair specific for detection of P. stewartii subsp. stewartii. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence of KD1 and KB1 showed highest homology at 88% and 90%, respectively to P. agglomerans strain DSM 3493 (NR 0419781).  The homology values were too low to conclude that the bacteria were similar to P. agglomerans. These results suggest that bacterial pathogens isolated from maize in Kediri were strains of Pantoea sp. Keywords: maize, Pantoea sp., wilt, leaf blight
ENHANCEMENT IN EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTAGONISTIC MICROBE BY MEANS OF MICROBIAL COMBINATION TO CONTROL Ralstonia solanacearum ON POTATO PLANTED IN MIDDLE LATITUDE Rosyidah, Anis; Wardiyati, Tatik; Abadi, Abdul Latief; Maghfoer, Moh. Dawam
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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Abstract

One of the common problems hampering the cultivation of potatoes in middle latitude is the presence of bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum commonly known to cause wilt disease, by which crop failure might be caused when serious attack occurs. The objectives of the research were to obtain the application of antagonistic microbes to inhibit the wilt disease caused by R.solanacearum and to increase the growth and yield of potato in middle latitude. The research was conducted from July to October 2012. Antagonistic microbes were used in this research to inhibit the bacterial wilt disease caused by R.solanacearum on potato planted in Bumiaji, Batu. Trichoderma viride, Streptomyces sp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates were selected to be applied as treatments either singly or in combination. Randomised block design was applied on the treatment group with three replications. The results showed that the single application of Pseudomonas fluorescens or combined application of Streptomyces sp. and Trichodermaviride + Streptomycessp. was capable of extending incubation period 4 to 7 days and reducing disease incidence  44.85% - 50.09%, reducing disease intensity up to 61.23 - 72.77%, reducing the population R.solanacearum up to 7.28 - 97.88%, increasing the number of leaves and the marketable yield as much as 67.96 - 81.98%.Keywords: control, Ralstonia solanacearum, antagonistic microbes, middle latitude
THE POTENCY OF Bacillus sp. AND Pseudomonas sp. AS BIOLOGICALCONTROL AGENTS AGAINST CORN LEAF BLIGHT DISEASE CAUSED BY Pantoea sp. Javandira, Cokorda; Aini, Luqman Qurata; Sugiharto, Ariffin Noor; Abadi, Abdul Latief
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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Abstract

One of new biotic constraints in corn production in Indonesia is leaf blight disease caused by Pantoea sp. which is needed to be controlled. The purpose of this research is to study the potential of Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. as biological control agents against corn leaf blight caused by Pantoea sp. The results showed that all bacterial strains of Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. have potential in inhibiting the growth of Pantoea sp. by showing the clear zone on the agar plate. The antibiosis types are bactercide or bacteriostatic. On pot experiment all bacterial strains showed the reduction of the disease incidence at the same level compared with that of bactericide streptomycin suphate. All bacterial strains as well as bactericide could reduce the disease incidence at 18-24% compared with that of control (aquades treatment only). The results suggest that all bacterial strains are potential as biological control agent against leaf blight disease on corn leaf caused by Pantoea sp.Keywords: Biological control, Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Pantoea sp.
DIVERSITY OF ARTHROPODS ON COCOA PLANTATION IN THREE STRATA OF SHADE TREE Toana, Moh. Hibban; Mudjiono, Gatot; Karindah, Sri; Abadi, Abdul Latief
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 36, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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Abstract

The Research was aimed to identifythe diversity of arthropods in Cocoa plantation inthree strataof shade tree. Research was conducted in Rahmat village, the sub-district of Palolo, District of Sigi, the Province of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia from December 2012 to June 2013.Berlese funnel, Pitfall, Malaise and Light trap were used to collect arthropod samples. There were five indices such as species richness (R), species evenness (E), species diversity (H`and D), and species similarity (Iss) to analyze the diversity of arthropods in cocoa plantations. The result showed that species richness (R) of arthropods under the two strata of shade tree, species evenness (E) and both of species diversity indices, Shannon (H`) & Simpson (D) was the highest, with value of 18,216, 0.839, 4.383, and 0.833 respectively. In addition, percentage of species similarity (Iss) was the highest under two strata of shade tree with value 72.297%.Keywords: arthropods, cocoa, species diversity, two strata of shadetree
Biodiversity of Soil Fungi on Integrated Pest Management Farming System Muhibuddin, Anton; Addina, LuÂ’aili; Abadi, Abdul Latief; Ahmad, AthoÂ’illah
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 33, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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Abstract

The greatest problem of modern agricultural practices is the use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers. It is noted that about 40% of the world’s land surface is used for agriculture. The way this agricultural land is managed has a great influence on the global environment. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) farming system produces fewer negative externally affects, can effectively restore ecosystems and deliver well ecosystem services. Depending on methods applied and degree of production, agricultural practices impact biodiversity in the ecosystem and it also influences conservation practices within the ecosystem. The result showed that diversity of soil fungi on IPM was higher than diversity on conventional one. Trichoderma sp. and Acremonium sp. which are known as antagonist fungi were found on IPM but not on conventional one. Domination Index on IPM was lower than conventional field. Bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas oryzae) disease intensity showed no difference on both systems. The yield on IPM was higher (6.34 ton/ha) than conventional field (5.56 ton/ha). It has been found that rich biodiversity in agricultural environment improves productivity of agricultural systems. The IPM system gives more regard to the soil fungi biodiversity and considers it as an integrated system upon which the success of the agricultural production depends.Keywords : Integrated Pest Management, biodiversity, soil fungi, modern agricultural
CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIAL PATHOGEN CAUSING WILT AND LEAF BLIGHT ON CORN (Zea mays) BY PHYSIOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR METHODS suryani, Lilis; Aini, Luqman Qurata; Sugiharto, Ariffin Noor; Abadi, Abdul Latief
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 34, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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Abstract

In 2011, we found a new bacterial disease characterized by wilt, dwarf and blight symptoms on sweet corn in Batu, East Java, Indonesia. The objective of this study is to characterize the causal agent of the disease. In this study, several assays were conducted, including hypersensitive response, pathogenicity, physiological and biochemical characteristics, PCR detection  using two specific species primer pairs for Pantoea stewartii pv. stewartii, and homology analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence. Four Gram-negative, non-motile, facultative anaerobic bacteria were isolated from the diseased tissue. Only two strains, BD1 and BB2, gave positive result in hypersensitive reaction, pathogenicity, and Koch’s postulate assays. BB2 and BD1 strains also showed positive results in the PCR amplification using specific primers derived from the P. stewartii subsp. stewartii 16-23S gene region of but showed negative result when using primers derived from P. stewartii subsp. stewartii hrpS gene region. Sequence of partial 16S rRNA gene of BD1 and BB2 showed highest homology at 96%  to P. stewartii subsp. stewartii strain ATCC 8199 (NR. 044800.1). This results suggest that bacterial pathogens isolated from sweet corn in Batu were strains of  Pantoea spp. Keywords : Zea mays, Pantoea spp, wilt, leaf blight, PCR
DIVERSITY OF ARTHROPODS ON COCOA PLANTATION IN THREE STRATA OF SHADE TREE Toana, Moh. Hibban; Mudjiono, Gatot; Karindah, Sri; Abadi, Abdul Latief
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 36, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v36i2.395

Abstract

The Research was aimed to identifythe diversity of arthropods in Cocoa plantation inthree strataof shade tree. Research was conducted in Rahmat village, the sub-district of Palolo, District of Sigi, the Province of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia from December 2012 to June 2013.Berlese funnel, Pitfall, Malaise and Light trap were used to collect arthropod samples. There were five indices such as species richness (R), species evenness (E), species diversity (H`and D), and species similarity (Iss) to analyze the diversity of arthropods in cocoa plantations. The result showed that species richness (R) of arthropods under the two strata of shade tree, species evenness (E) and both of species diversity indices, Shannon (H`) & Simpson (D) was the highest, with value of 18,216, 0.839, 4.383, and 0.833 respectively. In addition, percentage of species similarity (Iss) was the highest under two strata of shade tree with value 72.297%.Keywords: arthropods, cocoa, species diversity, two strata of shadetree
ENHANCEMENT IN EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTAGONISTIC MICROBE BY MEANS OF MICROBIAL COMBINATION TO CONTROL Ralstonia solanacearum ON POTATO PLANTED IN MIDDLE LATITUDE Rosyidah, Anis; Wardiyati, Tatik; Abadi, Abdul Latief; Maghfoer, Moch. Dawam
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v35i2.285

Abstract

One of the common problems hampering the cultivation of potatoes in middle latitude is the presence of bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum commonly known to cause wilt disease, by which crop failure might be caused when serious attack occurs. The objectives of the research were to obtain the application of antagonistic microbes to inhibit the wilt disease caused by R.solanacearum and to increase the growth and yield of potato in middle latitude. The research was conducted from July to October 2012. Antagonistic microbes were used in this research to inhibit the bacterial wilt disease caused by R.solanacearum on potato planted in Bumiaji, Batu. Trichoderma viride, Streptomyces sp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates were selected to be applied as treatments either singly or in combination. Randomised block design was applied on the treatment group with three replications. The results showed that the single application of Pseudomonas fluorescens or combined application of Streptomyces sp. and Trichodermaviride + Streptomycessp. was capable of extending incubation period 4 to 7 days and reducing disease incidence  44.85% - 50.09%, reducing disease intensity up to 61.23 - 72.77%, reducing the population R.solanacearum up to 7.28 - 97.88%, increasing the number of leaves and the marketable yield as much as 67.96 - 81.98%.Keywords: control, Ralstonia solanacearum, antagonistic microbes, middle latitude
Study of Arthropod Communities in A Virginia Tobacco Agro-Ecosystem Thei, Ruth Stella; Abadi, Abdul Latief; Mudjiono, Gatot; Suprayogo, Didik
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 3, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

The cultivation of tobacco is one of users of agro-chemical substances such as insecticides, herbi-cides, defoliants, and fertilizers among other food crops and plants with high economical value. The use of these chemicals may bring negative effects regarding the richness and abundance of arthropods. The study of arthropod community in the Virginia tobacco ecosystem was carried out in Central Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province, during the 2010 plantation year. It was aimed at finding the composition, structure, and dynamic of the arthropod diversity around the tobacco field. Samples were obtained by using trapping techniques (pitfall traps, yellow-pan traps, and sweep net). The number of arthropods found in Virginia tobacco field are 69, consisting of 65 species of insects (belonging to 46 families and 8 orders) and 4 species of spiders (belonging to 4 families). The majority of insects found was Hymenoptera, dominated by bees. Based on the ecological functions, the major group of arthro-pods documented was phytophagous (20 species), mostly Coleoptera and Orthoptera. Yet, the number of predators was relatively more abundant than that of the phytophagous. The number of kinds of ar-thropods commonly interacting around the field fluctuated during the growing period, while in the cultivation period the number decreased. The diversity of the species (H) and the ratio of abundance of the natural enemies and phytophagous in the field was high.
Isolation and Identification Of Triterpenoid Saponin From Baringtonia asiatica Kurz Seeds. Tanor, Meity N; Abadi, Abdul Latief; Rahardjo, Bambang Tri; Pelealu, Jantje
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 4, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.4.2.%x

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the content of the triterpenoid saponin compound from Barringtonia asiatica seeds collected from coastal of Malalayang beach, Manado, North Sulawesi. The method of extraction was the maceration with methanol solvent. The identification of the isolate was by thin layer chromatography, column chromatography, and GCMS. The phytochemistry test result of B. asiatica seed extract contained the compounds of alkaloid, saponin, and tannin. Then, the compound was separated by a thin layer chromatography method with a solvent system of methanol:chloroform:water. It produced three nodes that were spread around polar (Rf 0.24), semipolar (Rf 0.6) and non-polar (Rf 0.78) areas. Meanwhile, the process of column chromatography could only separate two chemical components namely semipolar (Rf 0.6) and polar (Rf 0.76). The identification with GCMS resulted in three compounds of Triterpenoid saponins, namely 2.4-bis-(1.1-dimethyl ethyl); 4-Dodecylphenol; and 2.6 bis-(1.1-dimethyl ethyl-4-methyl).
Co-Authors Abdul Karim Fanani Achmad Baihaqi Achmad Noerkhaerin Putra Ageng Prayoga Wicaksono Ageng Prayoga Wicaksono Agung Wicaksono Ajeng Megasari Akhmad Rizali Alauddin, Mukhammad Wildan Albert Fernando Sitorus Alvan Fajarudin Aminudin Afandhi Aminudin Afandhi Anak Agung Vini Nathasia Andhy Handoko Andhy Handoko Anggraeni Eka Puspitasari Anggraeni Eka Puspitasari Anis Rosyidah Anton Muhibbudin Anton Muhibuddin Ardiyan Taruna Ariffin Noor Sugiharto Ariffin Noor Sugiharto Arifin Noor Sugiharto Arifin Noor Sugiharto Asnawi Asnawi Asyifa, Ana Nabilah AthoÂ’illah Ahmad Athoillah Ahmad Auliya Zendhabad Aulya Retno Setyari Aulya Retno Setyari Baihaqi, Achmad Bambang Tri Rahardjo Bambang Tri Rahardjo Bambang Tri Raharjo Bambang Tri Raharjo Berliana, Sonia Bosha, Mohammed Chika Gianni Handayani Cokorda Javandira Cokorda Javandira Dewi, Fibrianti Shinta Dewi, Ovilya Kusuma Minarma Dianti, Sylvia Herli Didik Suprayogo Didik Suprayogo Dyah Ayu Kusuma Wardani Eka Kartini Eka Kartini Eko Famuji Ariyanto Eko Famuji Ariyanto Eriyanto Yusnawan Fery Abdul Choliq Firdausi, Wita Fitri Amaniyah Fuji Arriani, Intan Ganestya Indina Sari Ganestya Indina Sari Gatot Mudjiono Gatot Mudjiono Gatot Mudjiono Hagus Tarno Hakimah Halim Hanif, Luthfan Hardiana, Sindy Sukma Husna Fikriya Baroroh Ibrahim, Siti Ghia Azzahra Ichsan Firmansyah Ika Rochdjatun Sastrahidayat Ika Rochdjatun Sastrahidayat Indah Nur Khulillah Irisa Trianti Istiqomah Istiqomah Jantje Pelealu Jantje Pelealu Jasuli, Jasuli Kartika Try Rosanti Kartika Try Rosanti Kestrilia Rega Prilianti Khairunnisa', Amalia Khojin Supriadi Khojin Supriadi, Khojin Khotimah, Dwi Kusnul Liliek Sulistyowati Lilis Suryani Lilis suryani Lilis Suryani Lilis Suryani Luaili Addina LuÂ’aili Addina Luqman Qurata Aini Luqman Qurata Aini Luqman Qurata Aini Luqman Qurata Aini Luqman Qurota Aini Luqman Qurota Aini Ma'alifah, Nur Mahendra, Syah Maulana Maknunin, Lu'lu'il Marsya, Tia Indi Mayasari, Paulina Akita Meity Nelltje Tanor Mintarto Martosudiro Moch. Dawam Maghfoer Mochammad Nawawi Moh. Dawam Maghfoer Moh. Hibban Toana Muhammad Akhid Syib’li Muhammad Febriansyah Nawawi, Mochammad Novie Utami Asputri Novie Utami Asputri Nugroho Sulistyo Putro Nugroho Sulistyo Putro NURUL HIDAYAH Pamungkas, Bayu Aji Prabowo, Matheus Randy Pratama, Alifian Novaldi Satria Prillianti, Kestrillia Rega Qurata Aini, Luqman R. Sapto Hendri Boedi Soesatyo Ratri Kusuma Devi Ratri Kusuma Devi Rida Iswati Rifani Rusiana Dewi Rina Rachmawati Rudin, Sofyan Sudirman Ruth Stella Petrunella Thei S. Karindah Saidi, Aluna Uthilma Sama’ Iradat Tito Samharinto Samharinto Sektiono, Antok Wahyu Serdani, Army Dita Silfiani, Intan Silvi Ikawati Siska Irhamnawati Pulogu Soemarno Soemarno Sri Karindah Sri Karindah Sri Widyaningsih Supriyono Supriyono Syamsuddin Djauhari Syarifah Maulidya Rahmah Syib'li, Muhammad Akhid Syib`li, Muhammad Akhid Syib’li, Muhammad Akhid Tatiek Wardiyati Tatik Wardiyati Tatik Wardiyati Theresia Rani Kartika Ayu Toto Himawan Toto Himawan Trisnawati, Luh Putu Adi tubagus, satria wahyu Unun Triasih Vini Nathasia, Anak Agung Wardiyati, Tatiek Wayan Firdaus Mahmudy Wildanya Hafiah Wildanya Hafiah Wiwik Jatnika Wiwik Jatnika Wiwit Wicaksono Jati Yulianti, Novi Dwi Zainudin Zainudin Zainudin Zainudin Zainul Abidin Zainul Abidin