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AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 01260537     EISSN : 24778516     DOI : https://doi.org/10.17503
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Brawijaya Indonesia in collaboration with Indonesian Agronomy Association (PERAGI). The aims of the journal are to publish and disseminate high quality, original research papers and article review in plant science i.e. agronomy, horticulture, plant breeding, soil sciences, plant protection and other pertinent field related to plant production. AGRIVITA is published three times per year. The Journal has been indexed in SCOPUS, Scimago Journal Ranks (SJR), Emerging Source Citation Index ( ESCI-Web of Science), EBSCO, ProQuest, Google Scholar and others international indexing. AGRIVITA is accredited first grade (Sinta 1/S1) for five years (2018-2023) based on Decree No: 30/E/KPT/2018 by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (Ristek Dikti), The Republic of Indonesia. We accept submission from all over the world. All submitted articles shall never been published elsewhere, original and not under consideration for other publication.
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Articles 21 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 41, No 2 (2019)" : 21 Documents clear
Crossing Among Sixteen Sweet Potato Parents for Establishing Base Populations Breeding Sri Umi Lestari; Ricky Indri Hapsari; Nur Basuki
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 41, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i2.1485

Abstract

The base - population of the controlled cross breeding is one of the important factors to develop a new improved cultivar. Since the incompatible nature of sweet potato remains a barrier for genetic improvement, therefore it requires a lot of crossed pairs. This study aimed to determine the level of incompatibility among crossing line between high yielding and micronutrient content cultivars. The field experiment conducted at Brawijaya University Research Station, Jatikerto-Malang, during February to August 2015. The North Carolina Design II was applied to sixty pairs controlled cross breeding and their sixty reciprocal pairs of six cultivars for micronutrient content enrichment with ten high yielding cultivars. The observations were made to the cross flowers number, capsules, fruit sets, and seeds number. The level of incompatibility between crossed pairs was determined by the level of fruit set. The result showed that most pairs were compatible (fruit set > 20%) and only few were incompatible (fruit set < 10%). Among six parents with micronutrient content enrichment, two of them, have a high compatibility as as female parents, to all the high yielding cultivars, i.e. BIS OP-61 and Cangkuang. Positioning as a female parent can improve the effectiveness of its selection scheme.
Rapid Somatic Embryogenesis of Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Madu in an Air-Lift Bioreactor Culture Agisimanto, Dita; M. N., Normah; Ibrahim, Rusli
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 41, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i2.2237

Abstract

Embryogenic cell (EC) growth and proliferation as well as somatic embryo induction were examined in a bioreactor culture using Murashige and Skoog basal medium particularly for the influence of 6-benzyladenine (BA) concentration, initial cell density and aeration rate. Embryogenic callus was induced from seeds of Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Madu. The cell suspension in a 3-L bioreactor exhibited maximum cell growth following the addition of 1.5 mg/l of BA. The fresh weight (FW) of the cells after 28 days of growth was found to increase from an initial of 5.5 g cell culture to 57.3 g, a 10.4-fold increase and the maximum growth rate (GR) of the cells (0.33 g/day) was attained by the 7th day of culture. In the cell density experiment, ECs at a concentration of 5.5 g/l constituted the most effective inoculum, reaching the highest GR of ECs (0.52 g/day), again by the 7th day of culture. In the aeration experiment, the highest EC GR of 2.6 g/daywas obtained at the maximum aeration rate of 1.5 vvm (air volume medium/ volume/min). After 28 days of somatic embryogenesis, 79% of ECs became somatic embryos, of which 29% were at cotyledonary stage.
Detecting Potential Biodiversity Hotspots for Development of REDD+ Safeguards Based on Analyses of Land-Cover Complexity in East Java, Indonesia Yasa Palaguna Umar; Satoshi Ito; Yasushi Mitsuda; Ryoko Hirata; Tsuyoshi Kajisa; Hagus Tarno; Karuniawan Puji Wicaksono; Arifin Noor Sugiharto
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 41, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i2.2010

Abstract

We examined a new method to detect the biodiversity hotspots in terms of complex patch mosaics at a regional scale in East Java, Indonesia, in order to develop the safeguard against further expansion of monocultures by REDD+. A land-cover map consisting of five major land-cover types (forest, agricultural land, bare land, water, and residential) was generated with a 30 m x 30 m resolution by the unsupervised classification of a Landsat8-OLI image. Shannon’s diversity index (H’) was calculated for each of 10.98 ha (11 x 11 pixels) landscape throughout the study area based on the dominance of the land-cover types by five calculation methods with different combinations of land-cover types. Then, the landscapes of upper 5 % in H’ was selected as the potential hotspots in terms of highly complex patch mosaics. Among the five potential hotspots, the calculation of H’ with four land-cover types (forest, agriculture, water, and bare land) was thought to be most suitable to set conservation targets at a regional scale, because the potential hotspots by this method showed aggregated distribution patterns, and was less sensitive to the small residential patches. While, no clear distribution trend was observed along the environmental gradients.
Phenomenon of Inbreeding Depression on Maize in Perspective of The Quran Ali, Mudzakkir; Kuswanto, Kuswanto; Kustanto, Heri
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 41, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i2.2022

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to learn and prove the truth and scientific miracles of The Quran, specifically the prohibition of incest for humans, also applies and affects especially on the growth and yieldin particularly open pollinated plants such as maize through the process of inbreeding depression. The results of yield of each genotype of the tested inbred line showed yield reduction in all inbred lines tested from generation of S1 to S5. Lamuru and Bisma which were generated with an open pollinated breeding produced relatively stable yield from generation of S1 to S5. The entire tested inbred lines showed some trait changes, such as height of crop (cm) and yield of grains (t/ha) that tended to decline and die, while Lamuru and Bisma tended to be stable. It is implied in letters of The Quran, which forbid inbreeding for human that is very detrimental, not only on life sustainability of human beings and animals, but also on plants, particularly on the cross-pollinated plants. The scientific truth of The Quran which prohibits incest for humans are proven to be identical and also apply in maize.
Induced Mutation for Genetic Improvement in Black Rice Using Gamma-Ray Edi Purwanto; Nandariyah Nandariyah; Suhadi Sapto Yuwono; Mercy Bientri Yunindanova
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 41, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i2.876

Abstract

Black Rice is rice producing anthocyanin in high intensity and popularly consumed as functional food. Long harvesting age and low productivity are the inhibiting factors in black rice breeding. High plant crown potentially results in plant fall-down. Mutation induction is expected to be able to improve the character of black rice. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to get more early-ripening black rice mutant, with shorter plant crown and increase productivity by inducing mutation in three varieties of local black rice using gamma-ray radiation. This experiment employed three local varieties as the first factor comprised Cempo Ireng, Cempo Melik and Melik. The second factor was the gamma-ray radiation dose, consisting of 4 levels: without radiation, radiations at 100 Gy, 200 Gy and 300 Gy doses. The results indicated that Melik variety is very potential. Melik variety has shorter plant crown with a responsive character in number of tiller for higher productivity. Moreover, radiation significantly reduces the duration of flowering and harvesting. However, to achieve a more stable character and lower flowering and harvesting period, the radiation needs to be continued in the next generation. The doses of radiation produces a response that varies in both morphological and biochemical properties.
Creating High Levels of Gas Production From Waste Mushroom Substrate Pellets Sirikul Saengsuwan; Somchai Kritpolwiwattana
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 41, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i2.1249

Abstract

This study was to investigate the use of waste mushroom substrate (WMS) material, and waste mushroom substrate pellets (WMSP), with two catalysts (K2CO3 and CaO), as biofuel feed to produce CH4 in an updraft gasifier. The WMS was made from composted rubber wood chips which had been used for mushroom bed log culture, and pelletizing the WMS (WMSP) to create a biomass with a greater bulk density than the normal WMS. The gasification was determined in the high temperature range of 400-800 0C by dry fuel feeding at the rate of 25 kg/ha. The results showed that the optimum operation was achieved with WMSP with K2CO3 as the catalyst, at ER = 0.11. The combination of WMSP and K2CO3 produced more CH4 at 62.2 and 15.27% than single WMS and WMSP, respectively. WMSP with CaO as the catalyst produced 29.65 % less CH4 than WMSP. Based on gasification equation, CO produced from WMSP was calculated 24.116 % wt, 31.52% wt from WMSP with K2CO3 and 19.21% wt from WMS. The amount of gas produced from the available waste material as the biomass was sufficient to meet all heating requirements of the mushroom production.
Application of N2-Fixing Cyanobacteria Nostoc sp. SO-A31 to Hydroponically Grown Water Spinach (Ipomoea aquatic L.) Salamah, Andi; Fadilah, Nurrahmi; Khoiriyah, Istatik; Hendrayanti, Dian
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 41, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i2.1867

Abstract

For this research, an application of cyanobacteria Nostoc sp. SO-A31 as a nitrogen source for the growth of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica L.) was carried out using a modified Deep-Water Culture (DWC) hydroponic system, outdoors. A Hoagland medium was used for the growth medium, with the absence or presence of ammonium and nitrate as the nitrogen sources. A 0.7 g fresh weight biomass of 21-day-old Nostoc sp. SO-A31 was inoculated into the system. The four treatment media for this study were HA0 (Hoagland, ammonium free+inoculant), HN0 (Hoagland, nitrate free+inoculant), HA0N0 (Hoagland, ammonium free and nitrate free+inoculant), and HI (Hoagland with ammonium and nitrate +inoculant). AB-mix and complete Hoagland media were used as controls. The result showed that water spinach cultured on HA0 had good vegetative growth, as shown by the high yield of biomass, high number of leaves, high stem growth, and long roots. Inoculation of Nostoc sp. SO-A31 elongated the root of the water spinach plants in all treatments. The presence of Nostoc sp. SO-A31 in the complete Hoagland medium, though, caused chlorosis of the water spinach leaves. This study suggests that water spinach is a nitrate-dependent leafy vegetable.
Conidial Density and Viability of Beauveria bassiana Isolates from Java and Sumatra and Their Virulence Against Nilaparvata lugens at Different Temperatures Sumikarsih, Eka; Herlinda, Siti; Pujiastuti, Yulia
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 41, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i2.2105

Abstract

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens can cause direct damage and transmit rice diseases.  Beauveria bassiana is used to control BPH, however the success of the fungal efficacy on rice fields is affected by external factors, such as temperature. This research aimed to evaluate the conidial viability and density of B. bassiana isolates from Java and Sumatra, exposed to 25 and 34°C and their virulence against BPH nymphs. Twenty six isolates of B. bassiana cultures incubated at 25 and 34°C for 7 days were observed on their conidial density, viability, and  virulence against BPH nymphs. The incubation temperature of 34°C was able to decrease conidial density and viability, and virulence of the isolates.  However, some isolates of B. bassiana originated from soils or insects in Sumatra, especially from South Sumatra still produced high conidial density and viability as well as high virulent against BPH nymphs, such as TS1D3A, TSID3B, TS1D2A and TS1D2B isolates. The TS1D2B isolate incubated at 34°C still caused the highest percentage of BPH mortality (43.33%)  among other isolates. Therefore, the isolates can be used as promosing candidate for  biocontrol for N. lugens on rice planted in tropical ecosystem, such as wetland or lowland rice ecosystems in Indonesia.
Morphological Diversity and Molecular RAPD Markers of Sugarcane Mutane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Inundation Tolerance Avivi, Sholeh; Suliswanto, Eko Nur; Restanto, Didik Pudji; Miswar, Miswar; Syamsunihar, Anang; Soeparjono, Sigit; Hartatik, Sri
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 41, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i2.1304

Abstract

The study aimed to identify variations in morphological and molecular character of sugarcane mutants from the mutation of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS). It used 21 sugarcane mutants and two non-mutant PS865 plants as controls. The treatments with inundation were carried out on 1-17 mutants and non-mutants, while the treatments without inundation were carried out on 18-21 mutant plants and non-mutants. The tolerance characteristics base on the agronomic characters. The RAPD molecular character was observed to detect changes in genotypes and kinship relationships of the plants tested. The results showed that the characteristics of tolerance to the best inundation were found in mutants 1, mutants 3 and mutants 6 which were characterized by the root volume (cm3), fresh root weight (g), sucrose content and brix value (%). Mutant plants treated with inundation showed higher levels of sucrose and brix values. Whereas the control plants in fats, showed lower levels of sucrose and brix. Changes in sugarcane mutant genotypes from non-mutants based on RAPD markers ranged from 14.7 - 56.7 % which resulted in an average polymorphic band of 35.1 % from 37 DNA bands and produced four main groups based on dendrogram analysis.
Combined Application of Bio-PF and Synthetic Fungicide Suppress Soil Borne Disease Caused by Cylindrocladium sp. in Leather Leaf Hanudin Hanudin; Wakiah Nuryani; Evi Silvia Yusuf; Kurniawan Budiarto
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 41, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i2.1842

Abstract

An evaluation of formulated Bio-PF with the active ingredient of Pseudomonas fluorescens to reduce synthetic fungicide usage in controlling soil borne disease in leather leaf fern under different shelters was studied. The research was conducted at the experimental field of the Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute (IOCRI) from January to December 2015. Different concentrations of Bio-PF were singly and/nor alternately applied with two different synthetic fungicides were applied on leather leaf plants under UV plastic + 70% black-net and 70% black-net shelters. The results showed that the average disease intensity was higher in 70% black-net shelter. Weekly alternate-application of Bio-PF 5 + Carbendazim & Mancozeb and single Carbendazim & Mancozeb gave lower disease intensity than other treatments with the highest percentage of suppression. These two treatments also improved yield in terms of number and proportion of the preferred grade of harvested leaves. Combined Bio-PF 5 + Carbendazim & Mancozeb gave longer vase life and the application reduced synthetic fungicide usage in controlling the respected disease. In term of synthetic fungicides, Carbendazim & Mancozeb gave more consistent effects on disease suppression, plant growth and foliage production than Asilbensolar & Mancozeb.

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