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INDONESIA
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : 23375779     EISSN : 23385502     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences welcomes full research articles in the area of Engineering Sciences from the following subject areas: Aerospace Engineering, Biotechnology, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Engineering Physics, Environmental Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Information Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Material Science and Engineering, Manufacturing Processes, Microelectronics, Mining Engineering, Petroleum Engineering, and other application of physical, biological, chemical and mathematical sciences in engineering. Authors are invited to submit articles that have not been published previously and are not under consideration elsewhere. Starting from Vol. 35, No. 1, 2003, full articles published are available online at http://journal.itb.ac.id, and indexed by Scopus, Index Copernicus, Google Scholar, DOAJ, GetCITED, NewJour, Open J-Gate, The Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek EZB by University Library of Regensburg, EBSCO Open Science Directory, Ei Compendex, Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) and Zurich Open Repository and Archive Journal Database. Publication History Formerly known as: ITB Journal of Engineering Science (2007 – 2012) Proceedings ITB on Engineering Science (2003 - 2007) Proceedings ITB (1961 - 2002)
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,267 Documents
 56   57   58   59   60 
Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC)-Ceramic Composite Adsorbent for Iron and Aluminum Cations Removal from Acid Mine Drainage Tine Aprianti; Tuti Indah Sari; Fitri Hadiah; Yadi Utama; Muhammad Said
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 54 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2022.54.1.13

Abstract

Acid mine drainage has become a serious problem globally, polluting groundwater with heavy metals. Adsorption is considered a simple and effective approach to addressing this emerging issue. A commonly used adsorbent is powdered activated carbon (PAC), but this is susceptible to being washed into the waste stream, either during or after the adsorption process due to its low density. This research combined PAC with clay that was molded into small clay balls (~1 cm in diameter) then baked at a very high temperature of 1000 °C to create a ceramic adsorbent. The adsorbent activation used NaOH 48% alkali solution to improve its capability in binding metallic cations. This research demonstrated that the PAC-ceramic composite is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of Fe (iron) and Al (aluminum) cations from acid mine drainage. The results showed that the most favorable contaminant removal was 60.87% for Fe and 52.13% for Al, using a PAC:clay ratio of 45:55 (w/w) in 10 hours contact time.
Experimental Studies on Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Aluminum 7075 Composite Material Mahendra Kumar Chidananda Swamy; Raghavendra Bommanahalli Venkatagiriyappa
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 53 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.6.11

Abstract

In the present work multiwalled carbon nanotubes were  added as  reinforcement to aluminum 7075 matrix at 0.5%, 0.75% and 1.25% by weight proportion through stir casting technique. The mechanical properties of the produced composite were studied. The composite has considerably good tensile and wear resistance properties and hence finds its best suited application in aircraft frame and wings structures. Microstructure analysis through SEM showed a uniform distribution of the reinforcement material in the matrix. XRD graphs were taken at selected points during microscopic studies to determine the chemical composition of the matrix alloy, the reinforcement and the composite. The experimental results showed that 1.25% reinforcement in the composite material exhibited a tensile strength of 560 N/mm2 and a compression strength of  649.6 N/mm2 as the highest among the compositions. Thus,  the reinforcement addition at 1.25% improved the tensile and compression strength of the composite material.
Promising Adsorption of Sulfidic Acid Gases Using Wet Banana Plant Adsorbent (Musa spp.) Haryono Setiyo Huboyo; Badrus Zaman; Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan; Anastasia Dinda Prinaningrum
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 54 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2022.54.1.10

Abstract

Bananas have the highest production rate among fruits in Indonesia, which leads to the generation of a significant amount of banana fruit solid waste. In this study, we assessed the potential use of banana waste to remove hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas. In particular, the purpose of this study was to analyze the efficiency of banana waste as an adsorbent for H2S gas. We tested the stems, leaves, and peels of banana plants as H2S gas adsorbents with varying contact times. To obtain a microscopic view of the adsorbents before and after the experiment, we conducted measurements using scanning electron microscopy with dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The banana leaves, stems, and peels were found to have H2S gas absorption efficiency values of 76.52%, 51.83%, and 6.44%, respectively. Based on the experiment, the leaves of the banana plant appear to be the best adsorbents, with an adsorption capacity of 1.67 mg/g. The results also revealed that there was a change in the fiber and stomata appearance of the banana leaves after the adsorption process. Overall, this research indicates that banana leaves have the potential to be used as effective H2S adsorbents.
Volatile State Mathematical Models for Predicting Components in Biomass Pyrolysis Products Pandit Hernowo; Carolus B. Rasrendra; Yogi W. Budhi; Jenny Rizkiana; Anton Irawan; Septhian Marno; Yana Meliana; Oki Muraza; Yazid Bindar
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 54 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2022.54.1.8

Abstract

Volatile state mathematical models for quantifying the chemical components in volatile biomass pyrolysis products were developed. The component mass yield Yi rate depends linearly on its pseudo kinetic constant and the remaining mass yield. The mass fraction rate of each component was modeled from the derivation of its mass yield rate equation. A new mathematical model equation was successfully developed. The involved variables are: biomass number, temperature, heating rate, pre-exponential factor, and pseudo activation energy related to each component. The component mass fraction yi and the mass yield were predicted using this model within a temperature range. Available experimental pyrolysis data for beechwood and rice husk biomass were used to confirm the developed model. The volatile products were separated into bio-pyrolysis gas (BPG) and a bio-pyrolysis oil (BPO). Five components in the BPG and forty in the BPO were quantified. The pseudo activation energy for each pseudo chemical reaction for a specific component was modeled as a polynomial function of temperature. The component mass fraction and yield are quantifiable using this developed mathematical model equation within a temperature range. The predicted component mass fractions and yields agreed excellently with the available experimental data.
Assessing Log Reduction Values of Conventional Water Treatment Plants with Microbially Highly Polluted Raw Water Sources Arief Sudradjat; Made Sandhyana Angga; Kevin Barlian; Anindrya Nastiti
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 54 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2022.54.1.1

Abstract

Because of the global outlook of microbial pathogens contributed by river basins that are characterized by highly populated urbanized areas and other activities with poor wastewater management, it is imperative to assess the sufficiency of conventional water treatment plants with microbially highly polluted raw surface water sources in supplying pathogen-free drinking water. By using the log reduction value (LRV), the microbial safety of the drinking water supply from WTP Badaksinga, Bandung City, Indonesia, was assessed, from the raw water sources to the conventional water treatment units. E. coli, total coliform, and Clostridium perfringens (as a surrogate of the Cryptosporidium parvum protozoan) were selected as pathogens. It was found that with E. coli concentrations of > 20,000 MPN/100 ml, all the raw water sources should be categorized as not suitable for drinking water sources. The LRVs of conventional treatment units ranged from 0.67 to 1.4 for all pathogens. For the disinfection unit, the LRVs ranged from 3.0 to 3.71 for E. coli and total coliform, and 0 for Clostridium perfringens. Based on the results, the drinking water from WTP Badaksinga is safe from bacteria contamination but theoretically requires an additional barrier for protozoa safety. The assessment found that the LRVs of pre-sedimentation and combined flocculation-sedimentation units in conventional treatment systems need to be (re)assessed.
Differences in Biochar Sources for Controlled Nitrogen Loss in a Hybrid Maize Agroforestry System with Melaleuca cajuputi Dody Kastono; Priyono Suryanto; Rohlan Rogomulyo; Suci Handayani; Supriyanta Supriyanta; Muhammad Habib Widyawan; Taufan Alam
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 54 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2022.54.1.9

Abstract

Biochar is used to improve soil fertility and control nitrogen loss in soil. This study aimed to evaluate the difference between biochar sources, namely Melaleuca cajuputi waste and rice husk, for controlled nitrogen loss in hybrid maize planted between Melaleuca cajuputi stands. A split-plot design with three replications was used. The main plot was composed of biochar sources (BS), i.e., without biochar application (WB), Melaleuca cajuputi biochar (MCB), and rice husk biochar (RHB). The subplot was the urea fertilizer dosage, i.e., 0, 150, 300, and 450 kg/ha. The observation parameters were nitrate reductase activity (NRA), total chlorophyll (TC), leaf photosynthesis rate (LPR), nitrogen loss (NL), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and seed yield per hectare (SY). The data were analyzed with ANCOVA and LS-means. The results showed that there was no significant difference between mixing MCB or RHB in UF for all hybrid maize parameters, whereas significant differences were observed with WB. The NL values ​​of MCB and RHB were 13.85 and 13.08 kg/ha N, i.e., NL was significantly reduced by 70.90% and 72.51%, and the percentage of SY increased by 28.60% and 37.94% compared to WB, respectively.
Experimental Work for Bar Straightness Effect Evaluation of Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar Afdhal Afdhal; Leonardo Gunawan; Tatacipta Dirgantara
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 53 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.6.13

Abstract

Bar straightness is one of several factors that can affect the quality of the strain wave signal in a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB). Recently, it was found that the bar components of the SHPB at the Lightweight Structures Laboratory displayed a deviation in straightness because of manufacturing limitations. An evaluation was needed to determine whether the strain wave signals produced from this SHPB are acceptable or not. A numerical model was developed to investigate this effect. In this paper, experimental work was performed to evaluate the quality of the signal in the SHPB and to validate the numerical model. Good agreement between the experimental results and the numerical results was obtained for the strain rates and stress-strain relationship for mild steel ST37 and aluminum 6061 specimen materials. The recommended bar straightness tolerance is proposed as 0.36 mm per 100 mm.
Anaerobic Treatment for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Covered In-the Ground Anaerobic Reactor (CIGAR) Agus Haryanto; Shintawati Shintawati; Udin Hasanudin
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 53 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.6.9

Abstract

Wastewater from crude palm oil mills contains high organic matter, which potentially produces biogas through anaerobic digestion processes. The design and operation of an anaerobic bioreactor require a good understanding of the reaction kinetic in the bioreactor. This study aimed to evaluate the biogas production from POME and to determine the kinetic parameters of microbial growth and the substrate utilization rates in a CIGAR. An experiment was conducted using a 5-m3 bioreactor with a working volume of 4.4 m3. Wastewater from the Bekri palm oil mill was stored in a 5-m3 tank. After stabilization, the wastewater was loaded into the reactor at a rate of 100 to 250 L/d, corresponding to a COD loading rate of 1.373-3.097 kg·m-3.d-1, and an HRT of 18-44 days. Monod, Contois, Moser, and Shuler kinetic models were evaluated. The results showed that the Shuler model performed best for microbial activities, while the first order reaction model performed best for the substrate utilization kinetic. The maximum specific growth rate (μmax) for the Shuler model was 0.052 d-1 and the saturation constant (Kso) was 0.119. The maximum substrate utilization rate constant (ks) was 2.183 d-1 and biomass yield (Yx/s) 0.024 kg/kg. The maximum average efficiency of anaerobic degradation (34.4%) occurred at a feeding rate of 100 L/d with methane yield of 0.120 Nm3/kg of removed COD. This value is relatively low compared to the maximum potential of 0.350 Nm3/kg CODr.
Multi-Objective Topology Optimization for Curved Arm of Multifunctional Billet Tong Based on Characterization of Working Conditions Jialiang Liu; Zhaohua Wang; Dezhuang Song; Fenghe Wu
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 54 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2022.54.1.14

Abstract

A windlass driven heavy duty multifunctional billet tong was designed for large-scale forging and casting to reduce the number of auxiliary material handling devices in manufacturing workshops. To improve its mechanical performance and safety, a novel multi-objective topology optimization method for its curved arm is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the influence of different open angles and working frequencies for the curved arm was simplified to a multi-objective optimization problem. A comprehensive evaluation function was constructed using the compromise programming method, and a mathematical model of multi-objective topology optimization was established. Meanwhile, a radar chart was employed to portray the comparative measures of working conditions, the weight coefficient for each working condition was determined based on the corresponding enclosed areas, combining the stress indices, the displacement indices and the frequency indices of all working conditions. The optimization results showed that the stiffness and strength of the curved arm can be improved while its weight can be reduced by 10.77%, which shows that it is feasible and promising to achieve a lightweight design of the curved arm of a billet tong. The proposed method can be extended to other equipment with complex working conditions.
Distribution of Microplastics along Mai Khao Coastline, Phuket Pensiri Akkajit; Audomlak Khongsang
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 54 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2022.54.1.5

Abstract

The distribution of microplastics at Mai Khao beach, Phuket, Thailand was studied. A total of 12 samples from four sample sites with 0.5 m x 0.5 m quadrats were taken at the intertidal zone during March and July, 2020, and sorted into two size classes (>300 µm and 20 to 300 µm). The mean abundance of microplastics at Mai Khao beach ranged from 44.08 to 68.7 items kg-1 d.w. for >300 µm and from 90.6 to 106.1 items kg-1 d.w. for the 20 to 300 µm range. White (44.94%) and blue (23.60%) colors, and fiber shape (94.5%) were dominant in particle counts; and based on µFTIR analysis the dominant polymer type was polyethylene terephthalate (94.7% by number count), with considerable fractions of cotton and cellophane. The microplastic characteristics suggest anthropogenic activities as possible sources. Notably, the abundance of microplastic found in the study area was definitely higher than at other sites investigated along the west coast or Phuket. Significant differences in the abundances of the two microplastic size classes were observed (p < 0.05), indicating that the microplastics in Mai Khao beach can accumulate in the marine food chain and transfer up along the trophic levels. Therefore, urgent attention should be given to the contamination problem, with a proper management system and a public awareness campaign, to reduce the effects of microplastic on organisms and ecosystems.

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