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INDONESIA
Jurnal Fisika Unand
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 23028491     EISSN : 26862433     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077/jfu
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
Makalah yang dapat dipublikasikan dalam jurnal ini adalah makalah dalam bidang Fisika meliputi Fisika Atmosfir, Fisika Bumi, Fisika Intrumentasi, Fisika Material, Fisika Nuklir, Fisika Radiasi, Fisika Komputasi, Fisika Teori, Biofisika, ataupun bidang lain yang masih ada kaitannya dengan ilmu fisika.
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Fisika Nuklir dan Molekuler, dan Ooptik
Articles 1,782 Documents
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Analisis Hubungan Suhu, Kelembapan Dan Curah Hujan Di Tana Toraja Dengan Fenomena Perubahan Iklim Santonius Sandi Pabontongan; Pariabti Palloan; Agus Susanto
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 13 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.13.4.557-563.2024

Abstract

The impact of climate change has emerged as a strategic issue threatening the national interests and environment, particularly in the context of Tana Toraja in the tropical region of Indonesia. The process of climate change, influenced by both natural factors and human activities, has led to a global increase in temperatures and climate anomalies. The risks of natural disasters, especially those related to rainfall such as floods, landslides, and the spread of diseases, are on the rise. The Indonesian government needs to design region development strategies with low greenhouse gas emissions and control deforestation. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method and utilizes data from the Pongtiku Toraja Meteorological Station from 2000 to 2019 to analyze the patterns of climate change and the impact of the El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in Tana Toraja. The research findings indicate a decrease in the annual average air temperature, an increase in air humidity, and a shift in rainfall patterns towards an equatorial climate type. The impact of ENSO on air temperature, humidity, and rainfall is variable. Predictions suggest a decrease in rainfall, but combined analyses show an average increase of 4.5% per year until 2029. This conclusion provides a holistic overview of climate dynamics in Tana Toraja, crucial for understanding and planning adaptation for the future.
Identifikasi Pencemaran Air Sungai Batang Tebo di Kabupaten Bungo Berdasarkan Parameter Fisis dan Kimia Raudahtul Janah; Afdal Afdal
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 13 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.13.4.490-496.2024

Abstract

This research aims to determine the level of water pollution in the Batang Tebo River in Bungo Regency based on physical and chemical properties. The chemical parameters calculated are pH and concentration of heavy metals Hg, Pb, and Cu. The physical parameters calculated are TDS, TSS, temperature, and turbidity. All parameters except TSS, turbidity, and heavy metal concentrations were measured in the field. The level of river water pollution is analyzed using the Pollution Index (IP). The research results show that the Batang Tebo River water in Bungo Regency is classified as lightly polluted, with an IP value of 4.12. Physical parameters that have exceeded quality standards are a TSS value of 343 mg/L and a turbidity value of 69.60 NTU. In contrast, those that have not exceeded quality standards are temperature values of 29ºC, TDS values of 23 ppm, and electrical conductivity values of 47 µS/cm. Chemical parameters that have exceeded the quality standards, namely the concentration of the heavy metal mercury of 0.0023 mg/L, while those that have not exceeded the quality standards, namely the pH value of 6.58, the concentration of the heavy metal lead is ˂0.005 mg/L, and the concentration of the heavy metal copper is ˂0.018 mg/L. 
Studi Pengaruh Ketebalan Elektroda Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Buah Kakao terhadap Kinerja Elektrokimia Superkapasitor Irsya Dunnas; Widi Mulia Nasution; Mulda Muldarisnur; Yuli Yetri
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 13 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.13.4.594-601.2024

Abstract

Sintesis karbon aktif dari kulit kakao dengan variasi ketebalan elektroda 0,4; 0,5; dan 0,6 mm bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja superkapasitor. Tebal elektroda yang berbeda diberi kode sampel yaitu tebal 0,4 mm dengan kode CC-0,4; tebal 0,5 dengan kode CC-0,5 mm dan tebal 0,6 mm dengan kode CC-0,6. Pembuatan elektroda karbon dari kulit kakao dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap yaitu pengeringan organik, prakarbonasi, aktivasi kimia menggunakan aktivator KOH 0,4 M dan pencetakan pelet menggunakan press hidrolik dengan tekanan 8 ton. Pelet yang telah dicetak dikarbonasi menggunakan gas N2 pada suhu 600 ⁰C dan aktivasi fisika menggunakan gas CO2 pada suhu 700 °C. Sifat elektrokimia dari sel superkapasitor ditinjau melalui sistem dua elektroda dalam elektrolit 1 M KOH. elektroda karbon aktif optimum yang diperoleh pada sampel CC-0,5 dengan kapasitansi spesifik yang tinggi  mencapai 366,67 F/g pada rapat arus 1,0 A/g. Rapat energi maksimum yang didapatkan sebesar 660 Wh/Kg pada rapat daya optimum 2378,39 W/Kg. Potensi kulit kakao sebagai sumber karbon aktif dengan ketebalan 0,5 mm menunjukan kinerja perangkat penyimpanan energi elektrokimia superkapasitor yang tinggi dan stabil dengan ketahanan bahan yang baik.
Pemetaan Zona Rawan Banjir di Kabupaten Luwu Utara Menggunakan Metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) yang Terintegrasi dalam Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) Tiardo Simangunsong; Subaer Subaer; Pariabti Palloan
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 13 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.13.4.525-534.2024

Abstract

Research has been conducted to map flood-prone zones in North Luwu Regency by considering rainfall parameters, soil type, slope, land use, geology, drainage density, road density distance and elevation. The method used in this research is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The purpose of this research is to determine how much each parameter contributes to flood risk and visualize the results in the form of flood-prone maps. The results in this study show that rainfall has the biggest cause of flood risk at 0.30, followed by slope 0.20, land use 0.13, elevation at 0.12, drainage density 0.09, geology 0.07, soil type 0.05, and distance between roads at 0.04. All parameters that have been analyzed, then weighted overlay into a flood-prone map. The mapping results show that North Luwu Regency has a moderate level of flood risk, with an area coverage of 3.813 km2 or 50,78% of the total area. As for the vulnerable level category, it covers an area of 17,48 km2 or 23,28%, and for the moderately vulnerable zone level category it covers an area of 1.939 km2 or 25,82% of the total area. 
Analisis Hubungan Ketinggian Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) dengan Surface Flux di Makassar dan Sekitarnya Juliana Tri Lestari; Eko Hadi Sujiono; Muhammad Arsyad
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 13 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.13.4.459-468.2024

Abstract

Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) is influenced by the processes of transfer of momentum, energy, and materials between tPBL and surface layer. Surface fluxes variables consist of Sensible heat flux (SHF) and Latent heat flux (LHF), these variables are also used to measure transport level in this process. Madden Julian Oscillation also contribute in the PBL condition. Therefore, this study was aimed to describe the SHF/LHF and PBL profiles during strong and weak Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) periods around Makassar area and its relationship. PBL height was obtained by using the Bulk Richardson Number (Rib) method and bulk aerodynamic for SHF/LHF. Then correlation analysis was done between these two variables. SHF in both strong and weak MJO at 12.00 UTC have greater value than 00.00 UTC, while LHF showed the opposite. PBL height tends to be higher at 00.00 UTC than 12.00 UTC, with the average values were between549,9 to 690,5 m. Annual mean of PBL height ranged between 470 to 1100 m. Maximum average PBL occurred during the transition season I (MAM) at 00.00 UTC, while the minimum happened during transition season 2 (SON) at 12.00 UTC. However, the PBL height profile had shown weak correlation to SHF/LHF value during both MJO strong and weak in Makassar Area.
Pemodelan Struktur Lapisan Bawah Permukaan Berdasarkan Tahanan Jenis di Dusun Rombo Desa Saukang Kecamatan Sinjai Timur Kabupaten Sinjai Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan Aqil Naufaldy Rifanzha; Muh Said Lanto; Minarti Minarti
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 13 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.13.4.564-572.2024

Abstract

Research has been carried out which aims to model the structure of the subsurface layers in Rombo Hamlet, Saukang Village, East Sinjai District, in Sinjai Regency. This research uses the resistivity geoelectric method of the Wenner-Schlumberger configuration. The number of measurement paths consists of five tracks, each 150 m. The geology of the research location includes the Walanae Formation, which consists of sandstones, conglomerates, tuffs, siltstones, claystones, limestones, and marls. The results of the study allegedly show that the subsurface structure consists of several layers with interpretations in the form of groundwater aquifers, sandstones, and claystones. The first track shows a resistivity value of 0.753 Ωm to 3.22 Ωm where there are free aquifers at a depth of 1.25 meters to 24.0 meters, the second track has free aquifers and confined aquifers with resistivity values of 0.976 Ωm to 3.75 Ωm which are at a depth of 1.25 meters to 28.7 meters, the third track shows a resistivity value of 0.643 Ω to 2.46 Ωm there are free and confined aquifers that spread at depths of 15.9 meters to 28.7 meters, the fourth line has free aquifers and aquifers The depressed aquifer which has a resistivity value of 1.83 Ωm to 6.27 Ωm is at a depth of 5.19 meters to 28.7 meters, while on the fifth line at a depth of 1.25 meters to 28.7 meters there are free aquifers and confined aquifers which have resistivity value of 0.801 Ωm to 4.10 Ωm.
Potensi Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) sebagai Bioreduktor Untuk Biosintesis Nanopartikel Hawa Aritma Sunarko Putri; Rahmi Oktarini; Syuaibatul Islamiyah; Sri Redjeki; Rachmad Ramadhan Yogaswara
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 13 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.13.4.497-503.2024

Abstract

One type of antioxidant that is usually found in plants such as fruit, skin, leaves, and others is flavonoids. In addition, flavonoids can be used for the formation of nanoparticles (NPs) as a bioreductor. The purpose of this study was to examine the utilization of red dragon fruit peel extract as a bioreductor in the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from zinc nitrate precursors using the biosynthesis method. Red dragon fruit peel was macerated to obtain flavonoids. Zinc nitrate was used as a precursor to make ZnO NPs. UV-VIS spectrophotometric analysis showed that the total flavonoids contained in the extract were 5.6 x 10-4 mg QE/g. By FTIR test, ZnO nanoparticles are known to contain OH groups characterized by a peak in the 3374.10 cm-1 region. XRD results show that ZnO nanoparticles have a hexagonal wurtzite shape. SEM-EDX results show that the ZnO nanoparticles formed have a size of 157-174 nm and contain the constituent composition of 69.41% zinc and 29.35% oxygen. ZnO nanoparticles have anticancer effects that can be used in anticancer drugs, which can efficiently suppress synergistic cytoxicity in leukemia cell lines under UV irradiation. 
Rancang Bangun Solar Tracker Otomatis Berbasis Mikrokontroler dan Sensor Serat Optik Sebagai Penerima Intensitas Cahaya Maksimum Farah Syauqi; Harmadi Harmadi
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 13 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.13.4.535-540.2024

Abstract

Solar cell is a device that converts light energy into electrical energy by an effective photovoltaic process. The electrical energy generated by solar cells depends on the intensity of the sun received. The maximum efficiency of solar cells is obtained if it is always perpendicular to the sun, so it is necessary to move the solar cell to follow the movement of the sun. An automatic solar tracker design has been made using fiber optic sensors in this study. The solar tracker design consists of a solar cell and a fiber optic sensor as a sunlight detector consisting of FD-620-10 step-index multimode optical fiber and OPT101 photodetector. The tool that has been made is tested by detecting the voltage, current strength, and power generated by the solar tracker. Solar trackers can produce an average electrical power of 73.79% more optimal than using static solar cells. Based on the results of research, the tool that has been designed can increase the electrical energy generated and store it in accumulators or batteries. 
Penentuan Aktivitas Spesifik Radionuklida dan Estimasi Laju Dosis Efektif Radiasi Gamma di Kawasan Wisata Bukit Nobita Kota Padang Nurul Hasanah.Kr; Dian Milvita; Wahyudi Wahyudi; Maulidia Hidayat
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 13 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.13.4.469-475.2024

Abstract

Research has been carried out on determining the specific activity of radionuclides 226Ra (Radium), 232Th (Thorium), 40K (Kalium), and 137Cs (Cesium) in soil, water, and plant samples using a gamma spectrometer in the Bukit Nobita Tourism Area Padang City. This study shows the effective dose rate of gamma radiation received by tourists, tour managers, and farmers. Prepared soil, water, and plant samples were then measured using a gamma spectrometer. Gamma radiation dose rates were calculated 1 meter above the ground at 19 locations. The results showed that radionuclide 226Ra was only detected in soil samples, while radionuclides 232Th and 40K were detected in all samples except water samples. Radionuclide 137Cs were not detected in all samples. The specific activity of radionuclides is still below the threshold recommended by PERKA BAPETEN No.16 of 2013, which is 1000 Bq/kg for 226Ra and 232Th and 10000 Bq/kg for 40K. The specific activity of 137Cs radionuclide is still below the threshold recommended by PERKA BAPETEN No.16 of 2012, which is 100 Bq/kg. The effective dose rate received by tourist visitors, tour managers, and farmers is still below the threshold recommended by BAPETEN, which is one mSv/year.
Pengembangan Prototipe Alat Pengukur Medan Magnet Menggunakan Sensor Magnetik 49E Rechan Zahrotun Nur; Nina Siti Aminah; Akfiny Hasdi Aimon
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 13 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.13.4.573-578.2024

Abstract

The magnetic field is an interesting physical phenomenon and found in everyday life. Many currents technological developments are applications of the magnetic field concept, such as electronics, electric motors, fast trains, and others. In this research, a prototype for measuring magnetic fields was developed with a physics instrumentation system. This prototype can be used for experimental measurements of magnetic fields for physics lecture in the school. It was found that a magnetic field measurement tool could be made using a physics instrumentation system. So, this tool can be used as an experimental medium for measuring the magnitude of the magnetic field in permanent magnet and wires carrying electric current. The prototype was consisted a 49E magnetic sensor. It is hoped that the prototype can replace the Gaussmeter or Teslameter which are relatively expensive. The prototype magnetic field measuring instrument was calibrated by comparing the magnetic field strength measured by the 49E sensor with the Lutron GU-3001 Gaussmeter. Measurements are observed at the centre of the object and parallel to the position of the measuring instrument. The results of the measurements show that the average magnetic field strength on the Gaussmeter and 49E sensor is 246.7 μT and 487.3 μT for permanent magnet and 51.2 μT and 96.9 μT for coiled wires.

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