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<![CDATA[MEANING IN A BILINGUAL CHILD LANGUAGE: A SEMANTIC VIEW ]]>
<![CDATA[Sri Adnyani, Ni Luh Putu]]>
<![CDATA[ Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture Vol 2, No 3 (2014) ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study is a part of a longitudinal study with the aim to describe wordsâ meanings developed by an Indonesian-German bilingual child. The subject of the study was Lila (not her original name), the authorâs first daughter. She has been exposed to Indonesian and German from her birth. This paper includes the first-words development at age 1.2 to 1.5. The data was collected through observation, diaries and video recordings. The study shows that the child developed words in both languages. The Indonesian words produced initially by the child were either over-extended or under-extended. Some of the words produced also showed no overlap with adult meaning. The words produced in German, however, were neither over-extended nor under-extended. They do not overlap at all with adult meaning.]]>
<![CDATA[THE MAPPING OF EMOTIONS IN KIDUNG PUJADHARMA RATRI CEDANA ]]>
<![CDATA[Lilik Arikusuma, Ni Komang]]>
<![CDATA[ Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture Vol 2, No 3 (2014) ]]>
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<![CDATA[This writing focuses on the translation of emotion concepts in Kidung Pujadharma Ratri Cedana written by Ki Cenanrok by applying the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) approach. Based on the analysis of the category of emotion concepts, there are only two categories found, namely good and bad things. The English lexicon denotes âgood thingsâ that happened, are happening, will or can happen, showing good feelings of the experiencer covering beauty. The Indonesian lexicon denoting âsomething good happenedâ is keindahan. The concept related to âbad things that happenedâ found in its Indonesia tranlation is sedih.]]>
<![CDATA[A GLIMPSE ON ENGLISH AND INDONESIAN VERBAL GROUP: A SFL PERSPECTIVE ]]>
<![CDATA[Budiasa, I Gede]]>
<![CDATA[ Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture Vol 2, No 3 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture ]]>
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<![CDATA[The current study aims at describing and analysing two different Verbal Groups seen from the metafunctional perspectives, i.e. interpersonal and ideational functions, under an SFL approach proposed by Halliday (1994). The relevant bibliographic references used in this study are An Introduction to Functional Grammar by Halliday (1994) and his followers including Bloor T (1995), Martin, Mathiessen, Painter and Lock (1996), and Indonesian Verbal Group with reference to Alwi, et al (1993) in Tata Bahasa Baku Bahasa Indonesia and Darjowidjojo (1978) in Sentence Patterns of Indonesia. The English and Indonesian Verbal Group are explored from the interpersonal and ideational function or the mood and the transitivity structure. Both verbal groups share the function as verbal operator or modal operator + Predicator and Process. The way the English verbal group is logically structured is different from Indonesian. The former is marked by obligatory primary tenses as Finite, either Present or Past or Future, and becomes Head (?) to Verbal Group leaving the rest as Modifiers shown as ? beyond including Event. However Indonesian Verbal Group finite-like features are realized optionally by the verbal operators both by temporal and modal operators as Modifiers to Verbal Group and leaves Event as Head (?). The permutations between the same groups of auxiliary verbs occur commonly in Indonesian with subtle different meaning whereas English lacks these instances.]]>
<![CDATA[MICRO LINGUISTIC VIEW ON THE PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATION ]]>
<![CDATA[Sena Darmasetiyawan, I Made]]>
<![CDATA[ Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture Vol 2, No 3 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture ]]>
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<![CDATA[This article aims at revealing the significant problems of translation, which translators may not realize, depending on their level of source language comprehension. These problems were viewed from the micro linguistic perspectives, in which semantics and pragmatics may hinder the translation process in finding equivalences.]]>
<![CDATA[TULIS VS. SURAT: A NATURAL SEMANTIC METALANGUAGE APPROACH ]]>
<![CDATA[Shindu Gitananda, W. A.]]>
<![CDATA[ Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture Vol 2, No 3 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture ]]>
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<![CDATA[Synonymous words are very interesting to investigate. Balinese verbs base tulis and surat, which are nasalized into nulis and nyurat in their agentive voice usage, are examples of synonyms, both meaning âto writeâ. Semantically, these verbs seem to show no difference if its dictionary meaning is concernced, but differ only in their speech level (sor-singgih) category. By utilizing the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) approach, in this case, the subtle differences between the two verbs can be explicated. The result of the analysis showed that the verbs are prominently distinguished by the mental predicates and influenced by who is doing what and to whom it is said.]]>
<![CDATA[THE MEDICAL CONCEPT OF DAMAGE AND ITS INDONESIAN EQUIVALENT CEDERA: A NATURAL SEMANTIC METALANGUAGE APPROACH ]]>
<![CDATA[Sri Rwa Jayanti, I Gusti Agung]]>
<![CDATA[ Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture Vol 2, No 3 (2014) ]]>
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<![CDATA[This paper investigates the meaning configuration of English medical concept âdamageâ and its Indonesian equivalent âcederaâ as one of the interesting phenomena faced in English-Indonesian medical terminology translation. The former is found in the medical textbook entitled General Ophtamology while the latter is its Indonesian translation identified in Oftamologi Umum. The two books are references for the study of eye disease and medication. Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) theory proposed by Wierzbicka (1996) and her colleagues is utilized to explicate the meaning of the terms. Following Otomo dan Torii (2006) in adding the specific feature of meaning once the explication is made, the distinctive characteristic of âdamageâ and âcederaâ can be comprehensively presented in this study.]]>
<![CDATA[JAPANESE MENTAL PREDICATE âSEEâ IN KANJI??MIRU, ??MIRU, ??MIRU, ??MIRU: A NATURAL SEMANTIC METALANGUAGE APPROACH ]]>
<![CDATA[Widya Purnawati, Ketut]]>
<![CDATA[ Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture Vol 2, No 3 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture ]]>
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<![CDATA[The semantic prime SEE in English is known as MIRU in Japanese, which is written as ?? in Japanese kanji and kana. Miru as a verb, however, is not written only in one way as mentioned above, but may also be written in some different ways by using different kanji followed by kana as okurigana, such as ??miru, ?? miru, and ??miru. In general, these kanji denote semantic prime SEE or MIRU in Japanese. However, actually, each of this kanji has their particular meaning as well. This paper is aimed at defining the differences between those MIRU verbs in Japanese. MIRU as a semantic prime belongs to the group of Japanese Mental Predicate. The approach used in this paper was the Natural Semantic Metalanguage, first proposed by Anna Wierzbicka in 1972 and developed greatly until today]]>
<![CDATA[APPLICATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS IN JAVANESE ]]>
<![CDATA[Qomariana, Yana]]>
<![CDATA[ Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture Vol 2, No 3 (2014) ]]>
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<![CDATA[This paper presents applicative constructions found in Javanese spoken in Malang, East Java. It shows that applicative constructions in Malang are marked by suffixes attached to verbs. Suffix âi is used with location and recipient, while suffix âna is used with benefactive and instrumental. This agrees with applicative in Javanese spoken in Semarang with suffix âi and -ake respectively.]]>
<![CDATA[SANSKRIT AS A VEHICLE FOR THE EMERGENCE OF INDIA-INDONESIA CULTURAL RELATIONSHIP ]]>
<![CDATA[Suamba, I. B. Putu]]>
<![CDATA[ Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture Vol 2, No 3 (2014) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Significant influence of Indian culture in the archipelago was due to the role of Sanskrit played in addition to strategic position the archipelago has in the world. When the encounter between Indian cultures with local culture happened in ancient times, there were some rooms for Sanskrit to be used as medium of expressions. The result was the emergence of textual traditions producing a huge number of inscriptions and texts. In comparison with Indo-China region, it is only in Indonesia Sanskrit and Old Javanese have produced a huge number of literatures covering various subjects of life both religious and non-religious. It has been studied in an intensive manner in teaching and learning tradition in a long span of time. It has a force that can harmonize various differences exist in society. However, the decline of Sanskrit learning perhaps due to the conversion of the people into Muslim in 15th century; and cultural contact between the two cultures got lessened till faded away in the post Majapahit period. Sanskrit as a vehicle of culture covers various aspect of life, like art, science, literature, etc.]]>
<![CDATA[SPOKEN BAHASA INDONESIA BY GERMAN STUDENTS ]]>
<![CDATA[Sudipa, I Nengah]]>
<![CDATA[ Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture Vol 2, No 3 (2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture ]]>
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<![CDATA[This article investigates the spoken ability for German students using Bahasa Indonesia (BI). They have studied it for six weeks in IBSN Program at Udayana University, Bali-Indonesia. The data was collected at the time the students sat for the mid-term oral test and was further analyzed with reference to the standard usage of BI. The result suggests that most students managed to express several concepts related to (1) Location; (2) Time; (3) Transport; (4) Purpose; (5) Transaction; (6) Impression; (7) Reason; (8) Food and Beverage, and (9) Number and Person. The only problem few students might encounter is due to the influence from their own language system called interference, especially in word order]]>
