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Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik

MKKP
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Published by Kementerian Perindustrian Republik Indonesia

ISSN : 18296971 EISSN : 24604461 DOI : 10.20543

Core Subject : Engineering,

Engineering

Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik (Journal of Leather, Rubber, and Plastics) publishes original research focused on materials, processes, and waste management in the field of leather, rubber, and plastics.

Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Tenik Industri dan Manufaktur

Articles 781 Documents

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Karakteristik karet ebonit yang dibuat dengan berbagai variasi rasio RSS I/Riklim dan jumlah belerang Penny Setyowati; Sutarti Rahayu; Supriyanto Supriyanto
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 20, No 1 (2004): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The aim of the research was to study the influence of utilization of sulphur and reclaim rubber on the characteristics of ebonite rubber, and also to determine the optimum utilization of reclaim rubber and sulphur which yield good physical properties. Ebonite rubber was made by special natural rubber of RSS I (Ribbed Smoke Sheet I) mixed with reclaimed rubber at ratio 80/20, 70/30 and 60/40 part hundred rubber/part hundred rubber (phr/phr) and utilization of sulphur 30, 40, and 50 phr and also additives respectively. Mixing was done by using open mill, and vulcanization was conducted at early temperature 1200C for 2 hours, and it was continued by post curing at temperature 1500C for 2 hours. The physical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, D shore hardness, and izod impact of ebonite rubber vulcanized were determined. The result indicated that characteristics of ebonite rubber was significantly influenced by the amount of added sulphur and 40 phr reclaim rubber or at ratio of RSS I to reclaim rubber 60 to 40 phr/phr. However, the physical properties of ebonite rubber was able to meet the standard quality of group 2 regarding to Classification Hard Rubber issued by ASTM D 2135. Key words : Ebonite, reclaim, sulphur, natural rubber. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh penggunaan belerang dan karet riklim terhadap sifat karet ebonite serta menentukan jumlah penggunaan karet riklim dan belerang yang optimum yang menghasilkan sifat-sifat fisik yang baik. Karet ebonite dibuat dari karet alam RSS I yang dicampur denga karet riklim pada perbandingan berturut-turut 80/20, 70/30 dan 60/40 phr/phr serta penggunaan belerang berturut-turut 30, 40 dan 50 phr dengan bahan-bahan pembantu dalam jumlah tertentu. Pencampuran dilakukan dengan alat open mill dan vulkanisasi dilakukan pada suhu awal 1200C selama 2 jam, dilanjutkan post curing pada suhu 1500C selama 2 jam. Selanjutnya karet ebonite diuji sifat fisikanya meliputi tegangan putus, perpanjangan putus, kekerasan shore D dan pukul takik. Dari hasil yang diperoleh memperlihatkan bahwa penambahan belerang dan karet riklim berpengaruh secara nyata. Nilai optimum dicapai pada penggunaan belerang 30 phr dan karet riklim 40 phr atau pada perbandingan RSS I / karet riklim 60/40 phr/phr. Sifat-sifat fisik karet ebonite yang dihasilkan masuk standar kualitas kelompok 2 dalam klasifikasi hard rubber versi ASTM D 2135. Kata Kunci : ebonit, riklim, belerang, karet alam.

Pembuatan seal tabung gas karet alam dengan filler pasir kuarsa sebagai pengganti karbon hitam Suharman Suharman; M. Harun
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 33, No 1 (2017): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

This research aimed to make natural rubber-based gas cylinder seals with quartz sand as the filler to replace carbon black. The experiments consisted of the use of 10 phr, 20 phr, 30 phr, 40 phr, and 50 phr of quartz sand. The gas cylinder seals produced underwent a test according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 7655:2010. The test generated the following results: the value of hardness ranged from 51±6 to 60±5 Shore A, the value of tensile strength ranged from 67 to 72 kg/cm2, the value of elongation at break ranged from 414 to 457%, the value of the compression set ranged from 25 to 61%, after aging, and ozone resistance with no cracks. Natural rubber-based gas cylinder seals with quartz sand as the filler to replace carbon black met the requirements specified by SNI 7655:2010 in terms of the criteria of hardness, elongation at break, after aging and ozone resistance.Keywords: quartz sand, carbon black, gas cylinder seal.

Pemanfaatan minyak kulit biji mete sebagai plasticizer dalam pembuatan sol sepatu Herminiwati Herminiwati; Dwi Wahini Nurhajati; Sri Brataningsih Puji Lestari
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 20, No 1 (2004): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The objective of the research was to study cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) utilized as rubber plasticizer in shoe soles preparation. CNSL found from pressed cashew nut shells. CNSL consists of anacardict acid (90%) and cardol (10%). To remove the poison ivy, CNSL was treated by heating them at temperature 1200C for two hours. Sulfuric acid was also added to remove the impurities such as nitrogenous, sulphur and inorganic matters. Compounding process was carried out on two roll mill. Shoe sole compounds were prepared in various level of CNSL and Minarex B oil either separated formulation or in combination. Vulcanized rubber was then tested based on SNI 12-0172-1987 : Canvas shoes for general. The result of the research showed that CNSL can be utilized as rubber plasticizer in the shoe soles preparation. Compound with 5 phr CNSL provided good physical properties and conformed the requirements of SNI 12-0172-1987, such as tensile strength 136,4 kg/cm2, elongation at break 198,3%, tear resistance 63,56 kg/cm2, hardness 62,3 shore A, density 1,13 g/cm3, Grasselli abrasion resistance 0,711 mm3/ kgm, permanent set 6,40% and no crack detected on the flex cracking test. The research showed also that compound with the addition of 5 phr Minarex B oil into the compound, the CNSL provided better physical properties. Keywords : cashew nut shell liquid, plasticizer, shoe soles. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan minyak kulit biji mete (Cashew nut shell liquid) sebagai plasticizer karet dalam pembuatan sol sepatu. Minyak kulit biji mete (CNSL) diperoleh dari pengepresan kulit biji mete glondong. CNSL tersusun dari 90% asam anakardat dan 10% kardol. Untuk menghilangkan gatal dan toksisnya CNSL di –treatmen dengan pemanasan pada suhu 1200C selama 2 jam. Asam sulfat ditambahkan untuk menghilangkan pengotor seperti senyawa-senyawa nitrogen, sulfur dan bahan onorganik. Pembuatan kompon dilakukan dengan mesin two roll mill. Kompon sol sepatu dibuat dengan berbagi kadar CNSL maupun minyak Minerex B baik secara sendiri atau kombinasi. Vulkanisat karet diuji berdasar SNI 12-0172-1987 : Sepatu kanvas untuk umum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CNSL dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai plasticizer untuk pembuatan sol sepatu. Kompon dengan kadar CNSL sebesar 5 phr memberikan sifat fisis yang baik dan memenuhi syarat SNI 12-0172-1987, dengan sifat-sifat sebagai berikut : tegangan putus 136,4 kg/cm3, perpanjangan putus 198,3%, ketahanan sobek 63,56 kg/cm2, kekerasan 62,3 shore A, bobot jenis 1,13 g/cm3, ketahanan kikis Grasselli 0,711 mm3/kgm, perpanjangan tetap 6,40 % dan tidak retak pada uji ketahanan retak lentur. Penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa dibandingkan dengan penambahan minyak Minarex B sebesar 5 phr, maka CNSL memberikan sifat fisis lebih baik. Kata Kunci : minyak kulit biji mete, plasticizer, sol sepatu.

Pengaruh mimosa pada penyamakan kulit jaket domba samak nabati menggunakan sistem C-RFP, ditinjau dari sifat organoleptis, fisis, dan morfologi kulit Sri Sutyasmi; Titik Purwati Widowati; Noor Maryam Setyadewi
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 32, No 1 (2016): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the use of mimosa, to manufacture environmentally friendly leather for jacket by using the C-RFP system (C=Conditioning, R=Rapid, F=Fass (drum), P=Powder), on physical, organoleptic, and morphology properties of leather. It was also to obtain a formula for vegetable tanning with C-RFP system. Pickled skins are conditioned (pre-tanning) using Sodotan TSN and Sodotan APR, and then Sodotan TSN was chosen due to it meets the requirements of SNI leather for jacket (SNI 4593:2011). Then, pickled skins were tanned with mimosa and applied C-RFP system or rapid tanning without water added. Mimosa, used in this research, were 15%, 20%, and 25% and fatliquor were 12.5%, 15%, and 17.5%. Furthermore, The leather were finished into an environmentally friendly leather for jackets, and then tested for physical and organoleptic properties based on the SNI 4593:2011 as well as leather morphology (SEM). The physical test result shows that for mimosa 15%, 20% and 25%, and for fatliquor 15% and 17.5% are fullfill the SNI.

Penelitian pengaruh bahan penguat terhadap sifat kekuatan tarik dan ketahanan sobek kulit imitasi untuk atasan sepatu Sri Nadilah
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 9, No 18 (1994): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The aim of the research was to find out the effect of the a strenght of to sysnthetic leather conserned from tensile strenght and tearing resistance. This research was done by varyng the fabries used for synthetic leather namely “flanel”, “mori”, and 3 kinds of T.C. Fabric. The result of physical examination of the tensile strength and tearing resistance reveals that synthetic leather with “mori” fabric, width the lengthwise tensile strength’s value of 1520,43 N/cm2, and athwart 952,42 N/cm2, and the length wise tearing resistance value of 95,25 N/cm2, and athwart 40,92 N/cm2, and they fulfill the requirment of SII 1964-85 “Standar Mutu Kulit Imitasi untuk atasan sepatu. Supported by the result of physical examination of tensile strenght and tearing resistance of fabric, it can be infernd that “mori” fabric has higher value than other so that this kind of fabric, inference the nature of tensile strength and tearing resistance of synthetic leather. INTISARI Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bahan penguat terhadap kulit imitasi ditinjau dari sifat kekuatan tarik dan ketahanan sobeknya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memvariasi jenis bahan penguat yang digunakan untuk kulit imitasi dengan sifat fisis optimal adalah kulit imitasi dengan penguat kain mori, dengan nilai kekuatan tarik membujur 1520, 43 N/cm2, melintang 952,42 N/cm2 dan nilai ketahanan sobek membujur 95,25 N/cm2, melintang 40,91 N/cm2, dan memenuhi persyaratan SII 1645-85 “Kulit Imitasi untuk untuk Atasan Sepatu”.Dan dengan ditunjang dari hasil pengujian fisis kekuatan tarik dan ketahanan sobek bahan penguatnya sendiri diperoleh bahwa bahan penguat mori mempunyai nilai lebih tinggi dari bahan penguat lain, sehingga dengan demikian jenis bahan penguat mempengaruhi sifat kekuatan tarik dan ketahanan sobek kulit imitasi.

Penelitian kualitas gas buang pada industri ban Kusumo Retno Winahyu; Irene Sri Sukaeni; Justinus Edy Dahono
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 12, No 24 (1997): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The research of air pollution quality of rubber tyre industry to check rubber tyreair pollution quality. Taking samples should be done on several tyre rubber industries in the middle of java. Each of industries observed by two samplinglocation, it was taken from rubber tyre processing area. Many result of the research shown sampling data of oxidants at processing area are 0,2580 – 1,4670 ppm higher than 0,10 ppm standar concerned, while data of oxidants at ambient quality have range 0,4144 – 1,6235 ppm higher than 0,10 ppm environmental standar quality for ambient it’s given range between 11,7034 – 18,1179 pmm NH, higher than 2,00 ppm standar quality for processing rea and the result of particles analizing area 0,2727 – 1,6880 mgr/m3 higher than 0,26 mgr.m3 standar quality for ambient. Many result of parameters still agree with standar concerned. H3S for ambient have given range between 0,0051-0,0216 ppn lower than 0,03 ppm lower than 10,00 ppm standar for processing area. The result of particles analizing for processing area have given range 1,1440 – 1,2632 mgr/m3 lovewr 10,00 mgr/m3 INTISARI Penelitian kualitas gas buang pada industri Ban bertujuan untuk mnecapai dua kualitas industry gas buang industry Ban. Pengambilan contoh uji udara dilakukan pada bebrapa industry Ban di wilayah Jawa Tengah, masing0 masing diamati pada dua lokasi pengambilan sampel udara , yaitu pada ruang proses produksi serta udara ambien atau udara lingkungan disekitar pabrik. Parameter yang diteliti meliputi oksida, sulfar oksida, serta Amoniak pada lokasi sampling udara ligkungan ( ambien ) udara ruang proses bagi parameter SOx % NOx pada lokasi sampling ruang proses produksi bagi parameter NH, telah melampaui batas yang disyaratkan yaitu mempunyai kisaran sebesar 11,7034 – 18,1179 ppm < 2,00 ppm. Parameter oksidan terdeteksi sudah diatas baku mutu pada lokasi pengambilan sampel pada ruang ambien dan ruanf proses. Yaitu sebesar 0,4144 – 1,6235 ppm > 0,01 ppm untuk ruang ambien sedangkan hasil penelitian pada ruang proses yaitu sebesar 0,2580 – 1,2632 mgr/m3 < 10,00 mgr/m3.

Perekayasaan mesin injeksi bakalan acuan sepatu secara sederhana Agustin Suraswati
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 10, No 19 (1995): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Engineering of the injection molding machine to mold a master last made of plastics was done in the simple mechanism. Machine specification is a single screw, screw diameter 40 mm, ratio L/D = 24/1, heater 220/380 V. 700 W, motor 5,5 Hp, capacity 500 cm3/ minute. INTISARI Telah dilakukan suatu perekayasaan mesin injeksi sederhana untuk membuat bakalan acuan sepatu dari plastik. Mesin injeksi sederhana hasil rekayasa memiliki spesifikasi teknis sebagai berikut : jenis “Single Scren, diameter screw 40 mm, rasio L/D = 24/1, pemanas listrik 220/380 V dengan daya 700 W, motor induksi 5,5 Hp, kapasitas 500 cm3/menit.

Penelitian pengaruh campuran karet alam dan karet nitril kompon sol sepatu terhadap sifat swelling Sofyan Karani; Niken Karsiati
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 12, No 23 (1997): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The objective of this research is to find the quality of oil resistant soles indicated by swelling test in Benzol. The compound is made of natural rubber (RSS) and synthetic rubber (NBR) the part of which vary from 45/55; 50/50; 55/45. The result of the test indicates that the sole compound of RSS 45 part and NBR 55 part gives the best oil resistant. INTISARI Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mutu sol sepatu tahan minyak dengan indikator uji pembengkakan sol dalam larutan bensol. Formulasi kompon dengan menggunakan campuran karet alam (RSS) dan karet sintesis (NBR) dengan variasi (45/55, 50/50 dan 55/45) bagian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kompon sol sepatu dengan komposisi RSS45 bagian dan NBR 55 bagian memberikan sifat ketahanan terhadap minyak yang paling baik.

Poliester tak jenuh sebagai bahan baku pembuatan helm pengaman Sri Nadilah; Isananto Winursito; Sri Wahyuni; Sri Budiasih; Christiana Maria Herry Purwanti
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 19, No 1 (2003): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Unsaturated polyester is applied in many products such as aircraft sections, boats, building, panels, automotive accessories and modifications, etc. In this research, unsaturated polyester was used as a raw material, which was reinforced with a fiberglass mat, and casted in a silicon rubber mold. The concentrations of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (1-3 phr) as an initiator and cobalt naphtanate (0-2 phr) as an accelerator were used in the preparation of safety helmet. Subsequently, the effects of the compounds to the reaction time, the brittleness of the products, an the physical properties, were studied. The results showed that the compound composed by 100 phr unsaturated polyester, 2 phr methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, 2 phr cobalt naphtanate, 40 phr silica, 20 phr fiberglass mat and 1 phr pigment was not brittle, had a good reaction time and nonflammable, gave 4.82 mm in resistance to penetration, and the deflection of A and B were 4.5 and 0.0 mm, respectively. Keywords : unsaturated polyester, safety helmet, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cobalt-naphtenate.

Peningkatan ketahanan oksidasi karet alam melalui pengikatan antioksidan 4-aminodifenilamina secara kimia Hani Handayani; Dadi R. Maspanger; Cynthia L Radiman
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 32, No 2 (2016): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Natural rubber is very important in supporting the Indonesian economy from non-oil sector. However, natural rubber is not resistant to oxidation. Various attempts have been made to overcome the weaknesses; one of them is the addition of antioxidants as additives in the manufacture of rubber goods. However, it has the disadvantage of mechanical technique, including antioxidant blooming, resulting in failed products and decrease in antioxidants ability. The aim of this research is to improve the resistance of natural rubber from oxidation through the chemically-bound antioxidant into epoxidized latex. Fresh latex was deproteinized using 0.06 phr papain. Latex was epoxidized using formic acid and hydrogen peroxide at 70°C with stirring speed of 700 rpm for 3 hours. Then the 4-Aminodiphenylamine (4-ADPA) antioxidant was added with three variations mole percent of 4-ADPA between 0.025 to 0.1 mol/100 grams of rubber, and four variations in temperature were applied (between 27-80°C). The results showed that the optimum condition for the binding was at 27°C at a dose of antioxidants as much as 0.1 mol/100 grams of rubber. The analysis of FTIR spectra revealed that the binding of 4-ADPA into the epoxidized latex was as much as 1.93 phr. The Rheometer curve analysis showed that the natural rubber bound 4-ADPA was more resistant to ageing based on the value of R300.Keywords: latex, antioxidant, epoxidation, 4-ADPA, natural rubber oxidation.

Page 43 of 79 | Total Record : 781

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Journal Mail Official majalahkkp@yahoo.co.id

Editorial Address Balai Besar Kulit, Karet dan Plastik Jl. Sokonandi No. 9 Yogyakarta 55166

Location Kota adm. jakarta selatan, Dki jakarta INDONESIA

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Contact Name
-

Contact Email
-

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
majalahkkp@yahoo.co.id

Editorial Address
Balai Besar Kulit, Karet dan Plastik Jl. Sokonandi No. 9 Yogyakarta 55166

Location
Kota adm. jakarta selatan,

Dki jakarta

INDONESIA