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INDONESIA
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
ISSN : 18296971     EISSN : 24604461     DOI : 10.20543
Core Subject : Engineering,
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik (Journal of Leather, Rubber, and Plastics) publishes original research focused on materials, processes, and waste management in the field of leather, rubber, and plastics.
Articles 781 Documents
Kemungkinan penggunaan teknologi pelapisan permukaan dengan ultraviolet dan berkas elektronik indonesia Dwi Wahini Nurhajati
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 7, No 12-13 (1992): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (874.031 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v7i12-13.472

Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) or electron  beam (EB) curing coating technology is the crosslingking polymerization of a coating materials on a substrate ( such as paper, metal, wood or  plastic) via interaction with incident UV/EB irradiation, and this technology has been commercial used in a number of countries. The coating materials are monomer, oligomer or a mixture of monomer and oligomer. The crosslink polymer coated surface has been know to be resistant to water, organic solvent and heat. This paper gives an overview of the coating technology by ultraviolet or electron beam irradiation, and their applicability in Indonesia.  INTISARI Teknologi pelapisan permukaan dengan ultraviolet (UV) atau berkas elektron (EB) merupakan proses polimerisasi ikat silang dari bahan pelapis secara langsung di atas substrat (misal kertas, kayu, logam maupun plastik) melalui insiden iradiasi sinar ultraviolet ataupun berkas eletron, dan teknologi ini sudah banyak digunakan dalam monomer, oligomer atau campuran keduanya. Permukaan yang telah dilapisi dengan polimer ikat saling dikenal tahan terhadap air, pelarut organik dan juga panas. Makalah ini akan memberikan gambaran tentang kemungkinan pengunaan teknologi pelapisan permukaan dengan iradiasi ultraviolet ataupun elektron di Indonesia.
Penelitian pemanfaatan Minarex-B yang merupakan hasil samping pengilangan minyak sebagai bahan pemlastis sekunder dalam pembuatan kulit imitasi PVC Sri Nadilah; Hadi Mustofa; Tjahjo Wartono
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 11, No 21 (1996): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1165.375 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v11i21.388

Abstract

Application research of Minarex B type 2 and 3 as secondary plasticizer material in making PVC imitation leather is carried out through some stages, i.e. : 1. Making imitation leather sheet, 2. Physical testing of PVC imitation leather sheet, 3. Data analyzing from physical testing result. In making PVC compound for imitation leather lining is used to kinds of formulation, i.e : formula I (standard, without Minarex B), and formula II (with Minarex B). PVC imitation leather in this research consists of plastic lining and fabric lining, plastic lining consist of three linings, i.e : top coat, middle coat and base coat. Total Minarex B applicated is varieted, i.e : 4 part, 5 part and 6 part from subtitution result total DOP in PVC compound formulation. Physical testing data is evaluated to determine total and type of optimal Minarex B, so that it can be taken the conclusion that Minarex B can be used/applicated as secondary plasticize material in making PVC imitation leather with optimum limit 4 part. Optimum result Minarex B type 2 is not significance different from type 3. INTISARI Penelitian penggunaan Minarex B tipe 2 dan tipe 3 sebagai bahan pemlastis sekunder dalam pembuatan kulit imitasi PVC dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu : 1. Pembuatan lembaran kulit imitasi PVC, 2. Pengujian fisis lembaran kulit imitasi PVC, 3. Analisa data hasil pengujian fisis dalam pembuatan kompon PVC untuk lapisan kulit imitasi digunakan 2 macam formulasi yaitu formula I (standar, tanpa Minarex B), dan formula II (dengan menggunakan Minarex B). Kulit imitasi PVC dalam penelitian ini tediri dari lapisan plastik dan lapisan penguat, sedangkan lapisan plstik terdiri dari 3 lapisan yaitu “Top Coat” (permukaan atas), “Middle Coat” (lapisan tengah), dan “Base Coat” (lapisan dasar). Minarex B yang digunakan jumlah bervariasi, yaitu 4 bagian, 5 bagian dan 6 bagian, dari hasil substitusi jumlah DOP dalam formulasi kompon PVC dalam hasil uji fisis dievaluasi untuk menentukan jumlah dan tipe Minarex B yang optimal, sehingga diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa Minarex B dapat digunakan/dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pemlastis sekunder dalam pembuatan kulit imitasi PVC dengan batas optimal 4 bagian. Hasil optimal Minarex B tipe 2 tidak berbeda nyata dengan tipe 3.
Penelitian pembuatan kompon PVC untuk acuan sepatu dengan variasi serat pohon pisang Siti Rochani
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 2, No 3-4 (1986): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1312.131 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v2i3-4.277

Abstract

DOP (Dioctyl Phtalate) is a chemical substance which its function as plasticizer in PVC compound preparation, while the function of fibre of banana stem (musaceae) is a filler. The used of banana stem in this research can improve impact resistance of the compound as well.So the addition of DOP and fibre of banana stem influnces the properties of impact resistance and hardness.The optimum value of impact resistance (23,12 kgcm/cm) is archived by the PVC compound which using DOP 50% and banana stem 40%, and the optimum value of hardness (65 shore D) is achived by using DOP 30% and banana stem 50%.
Penyamaan kulit ular air warna natural Bambang Oetojo; Widhiati Widhiati; Hasan Basalamah
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 3, No 6 (1988): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1152.476 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v3i6.282

Abstract

            The porpose of this research was to get natural colour and good quality of snake leather. In pretanning process used Chromoduol G with the Cr2 O3 concentration varied from 0,5 %; 1,0% and 1,5 %. Whereas in tanning process used Irgatan LV varied from 20 % , 25 % ,30 %. Furthermore the snake leather output were visual examined for the color and the quality. Statistical analysis reveals that there is unsignify difference (P ≤0,05) the influence or the use of of Irgatan LV and interaction between Cr2 O3 with Irgatan LV towards the colour and the quality of the snake leather. But there is signify difference (P≤ 0,01) the influence of the use of Cr2O3 towards the colour and the quality of the snake leather. The conclusion of this research is that the use Cr2 O3 of 0,5% and Irgatan LV 25% yield high value for colour and for the quality of the snake leather.This experiments use complete Randomized Design, with 81 pieses of good quality of dried – cured snake skin.
Uji coba pembuatan sol karet cetak sesuai SII 0944 – 84 sistem cetak “hand press” Penny Setyowati
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 7, No 12-13 (1992): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1154.917 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v7i12-13.477

Abstract

The trial on making of rubber sole fulfilling the SII 0944 – 84 with hand press molding system was using rubber compound on the formula of : RSS I 100 parts; Reclain rubber 30; ZnO 3; Carbon black 60; Paraffinic oil 6; Stearic acid 2; PBN 1; MBT 0,5; MBTS 0.5; TMT 1 and Sulfur 2. The vulcanization condition with time interval 0.5 minutes. Physical testing of rubber sole trial  result, statistical evaluation with CRD method for determining vulcanization time for resulting optimal physical testing. Optimal physical test value was reached on the time of vulcanization 6 to 7 minutes and temperature of vulcanization between 150-1600 C.
Penelitian pengaruh cuaca terhadap sifat tegangan putus, perpanjangan putus dan kekerasan sol karet cetak dengan alat weather o-meter Hadi Musthofa
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 9, No 16 (1994): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1012.283 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v9i16.393

Abstract

The aim of this research is to find out the effect of weathering exposure on the quality of moulding rubber sole by weather - ometer apparatus (in door weathering test). During indoor test by Weather - Ometer, the condition of research is kept constanly i,e. black panel at 50oC, dry bulb at 36oC, wet bulb at 26oC and humidity at 45 %. Specimen exposed taking over from the chamber for testing purpose were caried out every 25 hours and performed up to the limiting time at which specific physical properties change of the sample come out. The highest change of the speciments physical properties happened at the treatment of 100 hours, 125 hours  and 150 hours.
Rancang bangun pabrik pengolahan kulit kelinci menjadi kulit kelinci berbulu samak krom skala kecil Harniniek Harniniek; Titik Purwati Widowati
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 3, No 7 (1988): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1190.573 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v3i7.287

Abstract

This paper is prepared for a design of a small scale chorme tanning factory, processing fur rabbit leather. The capacity of it will be 200 pieces/day green rabbit skin.  This factory will be profitable in the view of techno – economical calculations are as follows : the total capital is fixed capital + working capital = Rp 49.276.532,00 the total production cost is variable cost for a year + fixed cost for a year = Rp. 41.241.203,76 variable cost for a  year consists of raw material, packing, chemical/supplement material electricity, fixed cost of a year consists of labour salaries, capital interest, maintenance, depreciation and general expences; the manufacturing cost is the total  production divided by production  capacity = Rp. 700,85 / sq. ft; the profit calculation before taxing is Rp. 14.682.636,24, after taxing id Rp. 11.746.108,99; the pay out period calculation consists of the percentage of profit to return the capital (rate of return) before taxing is 29,80 %, 3 years, after taxing 3 years 8 months; the break even point calculations is the break even point is the Rp. 28.768.403,47 the percentage of break even point is 51,44 % and the capacity of break even point is 30.281,29 sq. ft. NBThe price of calculations above at the 1987. 
Penelitian pemanfaatan kulit sapi mentah dari nusa tenggara barat untuk kulit boks Suliestiyah Wiryodiningrat
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 8, No 14 (1992): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2147.292 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v8i14.482

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify of the quality upper leather made from dry cow hide taken from West Nusa Tenggara either of leather produced before or after being provided a technical assistance, were compared to them taken from Java. It was carried out by tanning both kinds of hides using selected IRDLAI tanning method. The upper leather produced in this research were physically tested (water absorption, tensile strength, flexibility and bursting strength), chemically tested (water content, ash content, Cr2O3 content, fat content and pH), as well as organoleptic inspection. The physical and chemical tests were six time repeated. A consclusion could be drawn from the organoleptic test result that the quality of Java upper leather were better compared to them of West Nusa Tenggara either before or after having technical assistance, while the quality of upper leathers after having technical guidance by IRDLAI were considered better compared to them before having it. The test result also shown that there was significant difference on fat, water and ash contents, bursting strength of upper leathers, the dry cow hides of which were taken from West Nusa Tenggara, either before or after having technical assistance.  INTISARI Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mutu kulit boks dengan bahan baku kulit sapi mentah kering dari Nusa Tenggara Barat, baik sebelum maupun sesudah pembinaan dibandingkan dengan mutu kulit boks dengan bahan baku kulit sapi mentah kering dari pulau Jawa. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan mengolah kulit mentah kering dari Nusa Tenggara Barat sebelum pembinaan dan sesudah pembinaan dan kulit mentah kering dari pulau Jawa menjadi kulit boks dengan metoda penyamakan kulit dari BBKKP. Dari hasil penyamakan kulit boks, kemudian masing-masing diuji sifat-sifat fisis (daya serap air, kekuatan tarik, kemuluran dan daya letup) dengan 6 replikasi (ulangan); sifat-sifat kimia (kadar air, kadar abu, kadar Cr2O3, kadar lemak dan pH) dengan replikasi serta diuji secara organoleptis. Dari hasil uji secara organoleptis ternyata kulit boks asal dari Pulau Jawa lebih baik dibanding dengan kualitas kulit boks asal dari Nusa Tenggara Barat baik sebelum maupun sesudah pembinaan. Sedangkan kualitas kulit boks asal dari kulit Nusa Tenggara sesudah pembinaan lebih baik dibanding kualitas kulit boks asal kulit dari Nusa Tenggara Barat sebelum pembinaan. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan terhadap perbedaan nyata untuk kadar lemak, kadar air, kadar abu, daya letup kulit boks yang berasal dari kulit Nusa Tenggara Barat, sebelum dan sesudah pembinaan. 
Rancang bangun pabrik plastik dari bahan polietilen food grade Irene Sri Sukaeni; Arum Yuniari
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 9, No 16 (1994): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1070.611 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v9i16.398

Abstract

The aim of this research is to find out process of production and the relation between cost, sell price and percentage of break even point. Production of capacity planned is 43.200 bottles perday, so that in a year with 288 workday, capacity produced is 12.400.000 bottles. The economical calculation are as follows the total capital is fixed capital + working capital - Rp. 1.489.200.308,00 ; the total production cost is variable cost a year + fixed cost a year = Rp.3.532.949.829,00;. The manufacturing cost = Rp. 285,00 / bottle, the profit calculation before taxing is Rp. 466.230.171,00 and after taxing is Rp. 372.984.136, the pay out period calculation consist of the percentage of profit to return the capital (rate of return) before taxing is 31.30%, after taxing is 25.04% and the pay out period before taxing 2 year 11 months, after taxing 3 year 7 months ; the break even calculation consist of break even point is Rp. 1.988.929.421,00; the percentage of break even point is 49,73% and the capacity of break even point is 6.166.25O bottles
Penelitian konversi hubungan timbal balik antara kulit kambing segar menjadi kulit garaman dan kulit pikel sebagai produk perdagangan A Buchori; Rosma Radja Gukguk; Asrilah Asrilah
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 14, No 26 (1999): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1061.94 KB) | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v14i26.292

Abstract

The aim of this research is to determine the conversion of value goatskin to knowtge mutual relation ship initiating betwen fresh goatskin, preserevation goatskin and pickle goatskin. The raw material used in this research in the form of primary data fresh goatskin and salted goatskin come frome of butchering animal and leather collector/preservators in Ypgyakarta Special Region (DIY) and secondary data from IRDLAI tanning Process Labolators in the from of second data of pickle goatskin come from salted foatskin. Data analvesed using statisik method with mean calculation and deviation standaerd. The result of the research could to know several conversion of goatskin possobilility can used in the Indonesian leather Industry ad commersial commondity.   INTISARI Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan harga konversi kulit kambing sebafai alat untuk mengetahui hubungan timbale balik antara kulit kambing segar menjadi kulit kambing awetan dan kulit kambing pikel. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa data primer kulit kambing segar dan kulit kambing awet garam yang berasal dari rumah pemotongan hewan dan pengumpul/pengawet kulit di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) dan data sekunder dari laboratorium proses penyamajab BBKKP berupa data luas kulit kambing pikel yang berasal dari kulit garaman. Analisis data menggunakan metode statistic dengan menghitung mean (rata-rata) dan standart deviasi. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui konversi kulit kambing yang kemungkinan digunakabn industry kulit di Indonesia sebagai produk perdagangan. 

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