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INDONESIA
Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian Industri
Published by Kementerian Perindustrian Republik Indonesia
ISSN : 20888996     EISSN : 24774456     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Menyajikan karya tulis ilmiah yang berkualitas yang telah terseleksi dan direview untuk penelitian dan perekayasaan bidang teknologi industri karet, tekstil, pangan, lingkungan dan kimia lingkungan.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 387 Documents
 3   4   5   6   7 
Pengaruh penggunaan NR dan EPDM terhadap karakteristik kompon karet peredam benturan pada pintu kendaraan roda empat ., Nuyah; Yulita, Eli
Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian Industri Vol 23, No 2 (2012): JURNAL DINAMIKA PENELITIAN INDUSTRI
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Palembang

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Abstract

This research has an objective to determine the effect of natural rubber (RSS) and synthetic rubber (EPDM) to characteristic of rubber goods, as well as to produce rubber compound formula for door guard that fulfill the stated standard requirement. Rubber compound door guard is made from a mixture natural rubber (RSSI) and synthetic rubber (EPDM) with variation ratio such as formula A (natural rubber 100 phr and synthetic rubber 0 phr), formula B (natural rubber 80 phr and synthetic rubber 20 phr), formula C (natural rubber 60 phr and synthetic rubber 40 phr), formula D (natural rubber 50 phr and synthetic rubber 50 phr) and formula E (natural rubber 0 phr and synthetic rubber 100 phr). The results show that the addition combination of natural rubber (RSS) and synthetic rubber (EPDM) had significant effect on the hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break and tear resistance. The result of these experiment shows that the best rubber compound for door guard is the one which fulfills the qualification for national standard of Indonesia for rubber compound bantalan dermaga, SNI 07-3568-2006, which is formula B (Natural rubber 80 phr and synthetic rubber 20 phr). This formulation fulfill the qualification for hardness 71 Shore A, tensile strength 153 kg/cm2, elongation at break 310 % and tear resistance 75 kg/cm2.Keywords : Natural rubber, synthetic rubber, rubber compound door guardAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan karet alam (RSS) dan karet sintetis (EPDM) terhadap karakteristik barang jadi karet, serta mendapatkan formula kompon karet peredam benturan yang memenuhi persyaratan. Kompon karet peredam benturan dibuat dari campuran karet alam (RSS) dan karet sintetis (EPDM) dengan variasi perbandingan yaitu formula A (karet alam 100 phr dan karet sintetis 0 phr), formula B (Karet alam 80 phr dan karet sintetis 20 phr), formula C (karet alam 60 phr dan karet sintetis 40 phr), formula D (karet alam 50 phr dan karet sintetis 50 phr) dan formula E (karet alam 0 phr dan karet sintetis 100 phr). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kombinasi penambahan karet alam (RSS) dan karet sintetis (EPDM) berpengaruh nyata terhadap pengujian kekerasan, tegangan putus, perpanjangan putus dan ketahanan sobek. Hasil penelitian terhadap 5 (lima) jenis kompon karet menunjukkan bahwa formula kompon karet peredam benturan yang terbaik adalah yang memenuhi persyaratan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) untuk vulkanisat karet kompon bantalam dermaga, SNI 06-3568-2006, yaitu formula B (karet alam 80 phr dan karet sintetis 20 phr ). Formula ini memenuhi persyaratan untuk mengujian kekerasan 71 Shore A, tegangan putus 153 kg/cm2, perpanjangan putus 310% dan ketahanan sobek 75 kg/cm2.Kata kunci : Karet alam (RSS), karet sintetis (EPDM), kompon karet peredam benturan
Kajian metode pengasaman dalam proses produksi minyak kelapa ditinjau dari mutu produk dan komposisi asam amino blondo Susanto, Tri
Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian Industri Vol 23, No 2 (2012): JURNAL DINAMIKA PENELITIAN INDUSTRI
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Palembang

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Abstract

The study of acidification method in the coconut oil production has been conducted as an alternative production process. Coconut oil products produced compared with the quality requirements of SNI 01-2902-2011 and amino acid composition test done on the product side (blondo) using HPLC to detect the failure of the production through the acidification process. The yield of palm oil produced through a acidification process ranged from 14 to 32.3%, while the coconut oil quality includes the water content ranged from 0.1 to 0.48%, impurities ranged from 0.01 to 0.06%, number iodide ranged from 6.8 to 9.8%, the levels of free fatty acids (FFA) ranged from 0.2 to 1.26, saponification number 243-267, color and aroma were clear, while the protein content was calculated as total N-Kjeldhal ranged from 9.09 to 21.8%. Blondo (by products) were analyzed using HPLC, the results of the chromatogram peaks showed some amino acids such as aspartic acid, glutamine, serine, histidine, glycine, argini, alanine, tyrosine, methionine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, and lysine. In the failure of acidification process indicates that it does not appear the leucine and lysine peaks in chromatogram, physical properties indicate a rancid smell and color of unclear on samples of coconut oil. The results showed that the method of acidification using acetic acid (CH3COOH) can be used as a method for the coconut oil production that meets the quality requirements of SNI 01-2902-2011 and APCC Standards Asian and Pacific Coconut Community, 2006.Keywords : Acid composition, acidification, blondo amino, coconut oil, HPLC, SNI 01-2902-2011AbstrakTelah dipelajari metode pengasaman sebagai alternatif proses produksi minyak kelapa. Produknya dibandingkan dengan syarat mutu SNI 01-2902-2011 dan dilakukan uji komposisi asam amino pada produk samping (blondo) menggunakan HPLC untuk mendeteksi kegagalan proses. Rendemen minyak kelapa yang diproduksi antara 14- 32,3%, sedangkan kualitas mutu minyak kelapa meliputi kadar air 0,1-0,48%, kadar kotoran 0,01-0,06%, bilangan iodida 6,8-9,8%, kadar asam lemak bebas (FFA) 0,2-1,26, bilangan penyabunan 243-267, warna jernih dan aroma khas, dan kadar protein dihitung sebagai total N-Kjeldhal 9,09-21,8%. Produk samping blondo dianalisa menggunakan HPLC, kromatogram blondo menunjukkan puncak asam amino asam aspartat, glutamin, serin, histidin, glisin, arginin, alanin, tirosin, metionin, valin, fenilalanin, isoleusin, leusin dan lisin. Pada proses produksi yang gagal tidak muncul puncak kromatogram leusin dan lisin, sifat fisiknya menunjukkan bau tengik dan warna keruh pada sampel tersebut. Metode pengasaman menggunakan asam asetat (CH3COOH) dapat dijadikan sebagai metode proses produksi minyak kelapa yang memenuhi persyaratan mutu SNI 01-2902- 2011 dan APCC Standards Asian & Pacific Coconut Community 2006.Kata kunci : HPLC, komposisi asam amino blondo, minyak kelapa, pengasaman, SNI 01-2902-2011
Perlakuan awal serpih kayu karet tidak produktif untuk Pulp Sulfat Haroen, Wawan Kartiwa; AL, Sudarmin; Prasetya, Hari Adi
Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian Industri Vol 24, No 1 (2013): JURNAL DINAMIKA PENELITIAN INDUSTRI
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Palembang

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Abstract

Pre-treatment of chips rubber wood non-productive as a raw material pulp used hot water and solution NaOH 3-10%, temperature 25-100 °C for 1-2 hours. Has showed a positive influence for quality of pulp if compared with chips without pre-treatment. Result is shown the extractive decreased levels 1 to 1.5 times and lignin content decreased 9-12%. Effect of pre-treatment chips can be increase the pulp yield and Kappa number equal to brightness of pulp. Another effect of chips treatment can be improved to physical properties bleached pulp for tear index, tensile index, folding indurance and brightness if compared with pulp from chips without a treatment. The physical properties pulp of rubber wood with chips pretreatment can produce bleach pulp sulphate have a requirements the quality to SNI Leaf bleach kraft pulp.Keywords : Rubber wood, pre-treatment, sulphate pulp, quality of pulpAbstrakPerlakuan awal serpih kayu karet tidak produktif yang diperuntukan sebagai bahan pulp menggunakan air panas, larutan NaOH 3-10% dan suhu 25-100 oC, selama 1-2 jam. Menunjukkan pengaruh yang positif terhadap kualitas pulpnya dibandingkan dengan pulp yang serpihnya tanpa perlakuan. Hasilnya ditunjukkan oleh menurunnya kadar ekstraktif 1- 1,5 kali dan kadar lignin turun 9-12%. Perlakuan awal serpih dapat meningkatkan rendemen pulp dengan bilangan Kappa setara dengan pulp putihnya. Pengaruh lain dari perlakuan awal serpih kayu karet dapat meningkatkan sifat fisik lembaran pulp sulfat putih terhadap indek sobek, indek tarik, indeks lipat dan kecerahan pulp (derajat putih) dibandingkan dengan kekuatan pulp dari serpih tanpa perlakuan. Sifat fisik pulp kayu karet tidak produktif yang mengalami perlakuan awal serpihnya dapat menghasilkan kualitas pulp sulfat putih yang memenuhi persyaratan SNI pulp sulfat putih kayu daun.Kata kunci : Kayu karet, perlakuan awal, pulp sulfat, kualitas pulp
Pemanfaatan limbah cair industri karet remah sebagai media pertumbuhan Chlorella Vulgaris untuk pakan alami ikan Yulita, Eli
Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian Industri Vol 25, No 1 (2014): JURNAL DINAMIKA PENELITIAN INDUSTRI
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Palembang

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Abstract

Chlorella vulgaris can utilize organic substances contained in waste rubber which serves as a medium for its growth. C. vulgaris is one of the types of microalgae that can be used as raw material forage and natural forage fish. This research aims to utilize crumb rubber industry wastewater as a medium for the growth of C. vulgaris natural forage fish. The initial phase of the research, namely the preparation of pure isolates of C. vulgaris, followed by the rejuvenation to log phase, carried out to scale up biomass obtained from cultures of C. vulgaris which could be used as a natural forage. The next was testing the quality of natural forage product including beta carotene, folic acid, oils and fats, fat, unsaturated fat, protein, moisture content, ash content, chlorophyll, crude fiber, iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), potassium and vitamin and the wasted residual of the media used. The results of the test for protein content and moisture content of C. vulgaris fish forage by utilizing the waste water of crumb rubber industry respectively were 2.3% and 95.46%. While the quality of the natural forage product produced were unsaturated fatty 0.44 mg / kg; 2.3% protein; fatty oils 141 mg / L; chlorophyll a 2.7094 mg / L; chlorophyll b, 0.8424 mg / L and vitamin B1 3.99 mg / kg; Vitamin D 2.52 mg / 100 g and Vitamin E 1.09 mg / 100 g.Keywords : the waste, C. vulgaris, natural forage fishAbstrakChlorella vulgaris dapat memanfaatkan bahan-bahan organik yang terdapat di dalam limbah karet yang berfungsi sebagai media pertumbuhan C. vulgaris. C. vulgaris adalah salah satu jenis mikroalga yang dapat digunakan sabagai bahan baku pakan dan pakan alami ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memanfaatkan limbah cair industri karet remah sebagai media pertumbuhan C. vulgaris untuk pakan alami ikan. Tahap awal penelitian yaitu penyiapan isolat murni C. vulgaris, selanjutnya dilakukan peremajaan sampai fase log, dilakukan scale up sampai diperoleh biomassa dari kultur C. vulgaris yang dapat digunakan sebagai pakan alami. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian terhadap mutu pakan alami yang dihasilkan meliputi beta karoten, asam folat, minyak dan lemak, kadar lemak, lemak tak jenuh, protein, kadar air, kadar abu, khlorofil, serat kasar, Besi (Fe), Mangan (Mn), kalium, vitamin dan limbah sisa dari media yang digunakan. Hasil pengujian kadar protein dan kadar air pakan ikan C. vulgaris dengan memanfaatkan limbah cair industri karet remah berturut-turut yaitu 2,3% dan 95,46%. Sedangkan mutu pakan alami yang dihasilkan yaitu lemak tak jenuh 0,44 mg/kg; protein 2,3%; minyak lemak 141 mg/L; khlorofil a 2,7094 mg/L; khlorofil b, 0,8424 mg/L dan vitamin B1 3,99 mg/Kg; Vitamin D 2,52 mg/100 g dan Vitamin E 1,09 mg/100 g.Kata Kunci : limbah cair, C. vulgaris, pakan alami ikan
Model pengembangan formula kompon vulkanisir ban luar dump truck dengan filler fly ash ., Nasruddin; ., Sudirman; Mahendra, A.; Haryono, A.
Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian Industri Vol 25, No 1 (2014): JURNAL DINAMIKA PENELITIAN INDUSTRI
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Palembang

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Abstract

Retread tire dump trucks imported and local characterization has been performed as a basis for modeling the development of a formula dump truck tire retreading. Materials used include natural rubber SIR 20, Thermoplastic Elastomer (inserting ETP), carbon black, silica and fly ash. The test results showed that the addition of the ETP on natural rubber SIR 20 for retread tire dump trucks can increase the hardness of 3.03%, 3.87% tensile strength, tear strong 15.46%, 100% modulus with a value of 36.28%, the modulus 300% with a value of 27.71% and 52.46% abrasion value. Testing of mechanical properties in fresh condition after aging (aging) and after ozone exposure given PPHM 25 for 3x24 hours at a temperature of 40°C shows, the addition of ETP a positive effect on some mechanical properties. The test results showed the addition of SEM-EDS ETP can protect natural rubber from ozone attack. Fly ash is added to the compound of formula has a tendency to bind to one another, so that the process of making the formula developed an innovative mixing with coupling agent Si type of PEG 400 and 69.Keywords: natural rubber, ETP, carbon black, fly ash, dump truck tire compound.AbstrakVulkanisir ban luar dump truck impor dan lokal telah dilakukan karakterisasi sebagai dasar untuk membuat model pengembangan formula vulkanisir ban luar dump truck. Bahan yang digunakan antara lain karet alam SIR 20, Elastomer Termoplastik (inserting ETP), carbon black, silica dan fly ash. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan, penambahan ETP pada karet alam SIR 20 untuk vulkanisir ban luar dump truck dapat meningkatkan kekerasan 3,03%, kuat tarik 3,87%, kuat sobek 15,46%, modulus 100% dengan nilai 36,28%, modulus 300% dengan nilai 27,71% dan abrasi = 52,46%. Pengujian sifat mekanik pada kondisi segar setelah proses penuaan (aging) dan setelah diberi paparan ozon 25 pphm selama 3x24 jam pada suhu 40°C menunjukan, penambahan ETP memberikan efek positif pada beberapa sifat mekanik. Hasil pengujian SEM-EDS menunjukan penambahan ETP dapat melindungi karet alam dari serangan ozon. Fly ash yang ditambahkan pada formula kompon memiliki kecenderungan berikatan satu sama lain, sehingga pada proses pembuatan formula dikembangkan suatu inovasi pencampuran dengan coupling agent jenis PEG 400 dan Si 69.Kata Kunci : karet alam, ETP, carbon black, fly ash, kompon ban luar dump truck.
Karakteristik asap cair yang ditambahkan ekstrak aroma daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) ., Nasruddin
Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian Industri Vol 26, No 1 (2015): JURNAL DINAMIKA PENELITIAN INDUSTRI
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Palembang

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Abstract

This research aims to study the characteristics of liquid smoke coconut shell pyrolysis results were added aroma extract fragrant pandan leaves. Coconut shell with ± 2.5 cm size for each treatment with a weight of 10 kg to the pyrolysis temperature (T1) 300 oC, (T2) 350 oC (T3) 400 oC and (T4) 450 oC with pyrolysis time (t1) 3 hours; (t2) 4 hours; (t3) 5 hours; and (t4) 6 hours. Liquid smoke highest yield of 18.644% of all treatment is obtained from the pyrolysis at temperatures of 400 oC for 5 hours. Liquid smoke pyrolysis results of all treatments added aroma extract fragrant pandan leaves (70:30). Results of characterization of a mixture of liquid smoke to extract the best aroma of fragrant pandan leaves of all treatments is of pyrolysis at temperatures of 450 oC for 4 hours added with the aroma of fragrant pandan leaf extract with the results of a specific gravity of 1.0835, the pH value of 2.57, the acid value of 9.844%, total phenols 4.163%, and carbonyls 11.174%. The aroma of fragrant pandan leaf extract were added to the liquid smoke does not provide significant changes in aroma liquid smoke.Keywords : the scent of pandanus, liquid smoke, carbonyl, phenol, pyrolysisAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik campuran asap cair dari hasil pirolisis tempurung kelapa dengan ekstrak aroma daun pandan wangi. Tempurung kelapa dengan ukuran ± 2,5 cm untuk masing-masing perlakuan dengan berat 10 kg dipirolisis pada temperatur (T1) 300 oC, (T2) 350 oC, (T3) 400 oC dan (T4) 450 oC dengan waktu pirolisis (t1) 3 jam; (t2) 4 jam; (t3) 5 jam; dan (t4) 6 jam. Rendemen asap cair tertinggi dari semua perlakuan adalah 18,644% diperoleh dari hasil pirolisis pada temperatur 400 oC selama 5 jam. Asap cair hasil pirolisis dari semua perlakuan ditambahkan ekstrak aroma daun pandan wangi (70:30). Hasil karakterisasi campuran asap cair dengan ekstrak aroma daun pandan wangi yang terbaik dari semua perlakuan adalah pirolisis pada temperatur 450 oC selama 4 jam yang ditambahkan dengan aroma ekstrak daun pandan wangi dengan hasil berat jenis 1,0835, pH 2,57, asam 9,844%, phenol total 4,163%, dan karbonil 11,174%. Ekstrak aroma daun pandan wangi yang ditambahkan pada asap cair tidak memberikan perubahan aroma yang signifikan pada aroma asap cair.Kata kunci : aroma pandan, asap cair, karbonil, phenol, pirolisis
Pengaruh penambahan gula terhadap kualitas vinegar dari air kelapa Sri Agustini, Silfia,
Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian Industri Vol 25, No 2 (2014): JURNAL DINAMIKA PENELITIAN INDUSTRI
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Palembang

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Abstract

Vinegar is an organic acid compound known as a preservative acids, flavoring and aroma in food. Vinegar can be made from sugar containing substrate which can be obtained from a various of materials such as fruits and coconut water. This research intended to maximize the utilisation of coconut water as raw material in making natural vinegar. Coconut water vinegar is a natural product that is produced from fermentation of coconut water substrate enriched with sugar. Research applied completely randomized design where the sugar addition as treatment consist of 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%. The effect of sugar addition on the quality of  coconut water vinegar examined according to SNI requirement and sensories test for taste and aroma by 20 panelist. The results showed that treatment of 12% adding sugar gave the best results with a level of acetic acid, pH and sugar concentration  were 8.22%, 3.80, 5.82% respectively. Contamination Pb was not detected, Fe was 0.065 ppm, arsenic was 0.046 ppm. Score for organoleptic test for taste and aroma  was  3.59 and 3.78  out of 5 respectively. Key words: Vinegar, coconut water, sugar, pH AbstrakVinegar adalah senyawa kimia asam organik yang dikenal sebagai pengawet, pemberi rasa asam dan aroma dalam makanan. Vinegar dapat dibuat dari substrat yang mengandung gula dapat diperoleh dari berbagai macam bahan seperti buah-buahan dan air kelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan air kelapa sebagai bahan baku pembuatan vinegar alami. Vinegar air kelapa merupakan produk alami yang dihasilkan dari fermentasi alkohol dengan substrat air kelapa yang diperkaya dengan gula. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan konsentrasi penambahan gula 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14% sebagai perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan penambahan gula 12% memberikan hasil terbaik dengan kadar asam asetat 8,22%; pH 3,80; kadar gula 5,82%, cemaran logam Pb tidak terdeteksi, Fe (0,065ppm), cemaran Arsen (0,046ppm). Uji organoleptik oleh 20 orang panelis terhadap rasa mendapatkan  3,59 dan aroma 3,78. Kata Kunci:  Vinegar, air kelapa, gula, pH
Ketahanan usang kompon karet dengan bahan ekstrak kayu secang, silika pasir kuarsa dan kalsium karbonat kulit kerang ., Rahmaniar; Rejo, Amin; Priyanto, Gatot; Hamzah, Basuni
Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian Industri Vol 26, No 1 (2015): JURNAL DINAMIKA PENELITIAN INDUSTRI
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Palembang

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Abstract

The objectives of this study were to find out the effect of temperature and long storage to the characteristic of dock pads on the basis of National Standard of Indonesia 06-3568-2006 and to obtain the aging resistance of rubber compound. The usage formula of rubber compound was treatment A3P4 (9 phr of the extract of caesalpinia sappan wood and the mixture of quartz sand silica : calcium karbonat clamshell 75:25 phr). The experimental design uses some various temperatures of 60 oC, 70 oC and 80 oC and variation of time from one day until 7 days. The tested parameters were the hardness, tensile strength and elongation at break . The result of the study showed that the obtained hardness were 65-68 shore A, tensile strength were 26-30 N/mm2 and the elongation at break were 263-496%. The variety analysis showed that the hardness gave lack significant effect, meanwhile the temperature and time gave significant effect for the tensile strength parameter as well as the interaction. Futhermore, elongation at break parameter affected significantly toward the temperature, the time and intraction between them, Activated energy (EA) of the rubber compound hardness 5,994 K.kal/mol., the tensile strength was 6,915 K.kal/mol and elongation at break was 66,775 K.kal/mol, finally the aging resistance of rubber compound for the storage temperature of 60 oC was 48,08 days.Keywords : the extract of caesalpinia sappan wood, after ageing, rubber compound, calcium karbonat clamshell, quartz sand silicaAbstrakTujuan penelitian mengetahui pengaruh suhu dan lama penyimpanan terhadap karakteristik kompon bantalan dermaga sesuai SNI 06-3568-2006 dan mendapatkan umur usang kompon karet. Formula kompon karet yang digunakan perlakuan A3P4 (9 phr ekstrak kayu secang dan campuran silika pasir kuarsa : kulit kerang = 75:25). Rancangan percobaan dengan variasi suhu 60 oC, 70 oC dan 80 oC dan variasi waktu 1 hingga 7 hari. Parameter yang di uji Kekerasan, tegangan putus dan perpanjangan putus. Hasil penelitian untuk kekerasan 65-68 shore A, tegangan putus 22-30 N/mm2 dan perpanjangan putus 263-496%. Analisa keragaman untuk kekerasan memberikan pengaruh yang tidak signifikan, untuk parameter tegangan putus perlakuan suhu dan waktu berpengaruh secara signifikan sedangkan interaksi berpengaruh signifikan. Untuk parameter perpanjangan putus berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap suhu, waktu dan interaksi keduanya. Energi aktivasi (EA) kompon karet kekerasan 5,994 K.kal/mol, tegangan putus 6,915 K.kal/mol dan perpanjangan putus 66,775 K.kal/mol. Umur usang kompon karet untuk variasi suhu penyimpanan 60 oC memberikan waktu 48,08 hari.Kata Kunci : ekstrak kayu secang, ketahanan usang, kompon karet, kulit kerang, silika pasir kuarsa
Penggunaan sekam padi sebagai bahan pengisi dan antioksidan pada pembuatan kompon karet Popy Marlina, Hari Adi Prasetya,
Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian Industri Vol 24, No 2 (2013): JURNAL DINAMIKA PENELITIAN INDUSTRI
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Palembang

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Abstract

The objectives of this research was to examine the characteristics of rubber compound using rice husk as fillers and antioxidants for making rubber compound.The experimental design used in this research was completely randomized block design with 2 factors, there were the particle size of rice husk ash (200 mesh and 400 mesh) and phenol from rice husk as antioxidant (0.5 phr, 1.0 phr and 1.5 phr) with 3 repetition. The result showed that particle size of rice husk ash and phenol from rice husk antioxidant and the interaction between them had significant effect on the rubber compound characteristics.The best treatment was combination of A2F2 (particle size of rice husk ash 400 mesh and phenol from rice husk antioxidant 1.0 phr), with the characteristics were hardness of 46 Shore A, tensile strength of 74 kg/cm2, tear resistance of 9 kg/cm, density 1.05 g/ml, and ageing resistance characteristics were 74 kg/cm2 and 8 kg/cm for tensile strength and tear resistance respectively.Keywords: antioxidant, phenol, rice husk ash, rubber compound AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik kompon karet dengan menggunakan bahan pengisi dan antioksidan sekam padi pada pembuatan kompon karet.Rancangan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalahrancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 (dua) faktor, yaitu ukuran partikel abu sekam padi (200 mesh dan 400 mesh) dan antioksidan fenol sekam padi (0,5 phr, 1 phr dan 1,5 phr), kombinasi 6 (enam) perlakuan dan 3 (tiga) kali ulangan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ukuran partikel abu sekam padi dan antioksidan fenol sekam padi serta interaksi keduanya memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap karakteristik kompon karet.Perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada kombinasi perlakuan A2F2 (ukuran partikel abu sekam padi 400 mesh dan antioksidan fenol sekam padi 1 phr), dengan karakteristik kompon karet meliputi kekerasan dengan nilai 46 Shore A, tegangan putus sebesar 74 kg/cm2, ketahanan sobek sebesar 9 kg/cm, ketahanan usang untuk parameter tegangan putus sebesar 74 kg/cm2 dan ketahanan sobek sebesar 8 kg/cm, berat jenis sebesar 1,05 g/ml.Kata kunci: abu sekam padi, antioksidan, fenol, kompon karet 
Karakterisasi dan identifikasi gugus fungsi dari karbon cangkang kelapa sawit dengan metode methano-pyrolysis Siti Masriani Rambe, Zainal Abidin Nasution,
Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian Industri Vol 24, No 2 (2013): JURNAL DINAMIKA PENELITIAN INDUSTRI
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Palembang

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Abstract

Characterization and identification palm shell carbon by methano-pyrolysis technology had been conducted. Prior to carbonization palm shell was prepared by drying in the oven at 100°C for 5 minutes.The treatment was pyrolysis time period at 800°C namely 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 minutes. The result showed that the highest yield of carbon obtained at 5 minutes time periode (25,4%). Characterization and identification of functional group (chemical bond) and shell shape properties has conducted by using FTIR and SEM. FTIR result found that all the variations has chemical bond such as carbon bond (C-C), octahedral, C-H and O-H. The optimum condition was obtained at 5 minute , which gave lowest impurities compounds compare to others treatment. It was dominated by bond of carbon (C) is almost 60% purely. SEM testing showed all pores of the carbon produced at 1 minute time periode had smaller pores compare to 5 minute time periode. The longer time periode of pyrolysis the more pure of carbon.Keywords : carbon, FTIR, palm shell, pyrolysis, SEM AbstrakTelah dilakukan penelitian karakterisasi dan identifikasi karbon cangkang kelapa sawit dengan teknologi methano-pyrolysis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan proses pembersihan terhadap cangkang kelapa sawit lalu dikeringkan menggunakan oven suhu 100°C selama 5 menit. Berikutnya dilakukan proses pirolisis pada suhu tetap yaitu 800°C dengan variasi waktu yaitu pada 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5 menit. Rendemen karbon pada proses pirolisis diperoleh semakin lama waktu pirolisis semakin tinggi rendemen yang dihasilkan mencapai 25,4%. Untuk mengetahui karakter atau gugus fungsi dari arang cangkang kelapa sawit, dilakukan pengujian menggunakan alat FTIR dan SEM. Analisa FTIR diperoleh untuk semua variasi, beberapa gugus fungsi seperti senyawa gugus O-H kuat, C≡C, C=C, C=O, C-H kuat dan gugus OH sedang. Hasil yang optimal diperoleh pada variasi 5 menit, dimana sudah didominasi oleh gugus karbon (C) murni hampir 60%. Untuk melihat pori dari karbon yang dihasilkan pada uji variasi 1 menit diperoleh diameter pori yang terbentuk lebih kecil dan sedikit jika dibandingkan dengan pori pada variasi 5 menit. Semakin lama waktu pirolisis maka semakin murni jumlah ikatan carbon yang diperoleh.Kata kunci : Cangkang Kelapa Sawit, FTIR, Karbon, Pirolisis, SEM

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