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agriTECH

agritech
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 02160455 EISSN : 25273825 DOI : 10.22146/agritech

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Agritech with registered number ISSN 0216-0455 (print) and ISSN 2527-3825 (online) is a scientific journal that publishes the results of research in the field of food and agricultural product technology, agricultural and bio-system engineering, and agroindustrial technology. This journal is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies (PATPI).

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)

Articles 1,392 Documents

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Perendaman dalam Kalsium Klorida dan Penggunaan Edible Coating untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas French Fries dari Kentang Varietas Tenggo dan Krespo Pepita Haryanti; Budi Sustriawan; Sujiman Sujiman
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Soaking potatoes in CaCl2 solution and the use of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), maltodextrin and gelatin as an edible coating were performed to determine the quality of french fries from Krespo and Tenggo varieties. The type of potato varieties, the concentration of CaCl and the type of edible coating were high signiﬁ cant on the texture, appearance, color and signiﬁ cantly inﬂ uenced fat levels of french fries. Soaking with a concentration of 1% and the use of maltodextrin in Krespo varieties producing the best french fries, were slightly crunchy texture, color lightly browned, slightly oily appearance and were able to lower the fat content of 28.95% (db) to 10.17% (db).ABSTRAKPerendaman potongan kentang dalam CaCl2 dan penggunaan karboksimetil selulosa (CMC), maltodekstrin dan gelatin sebagai edible coating dilakukan untuk mengetahui kualitas french fries dari kentang varietas Tenggo dan Krespo. Jenis varietas kentang, konsentrasi CaCl2 dan jenis edible coating berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tekstur, kenampakan, warna dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar lemak french fries. Perendaman dengan konsentrasi 1% dan penggunaan maltodekstrin pada kentang varietas Krespo menghasilkan french fries terbaik yaitu tekstur agak renyah, warna agak kecokelatan, kenampakan agak berminyak dan dapat menurunkan kadar lemak dari 28,95% (bk) menjadi 10,17% (bk).

Aktivitas Antibakteri Rebusan Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) terhadap Salmonella thypii Secara In Vivo Shirly Kumala; Devana Devana; Didik Tulus
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

One of the plant that has been used emperically for treatment was Caesalpinia sappan L“secang”. The bark of this plant contains metabolites with strong and effective antibaterial activity, namely tannin and brasilin. Two methods, namely A and B, were employed to perform the in vivo antibacterial study of this plant. In every method, there were six groups (K1-K6) which each of the group consisted of five mice. K1-K3 were the control groups consisting of control using healthy mice (K1), positive control in the presence of chloramphenicol (K2) and negative control (K3). The test groups were K4-K6, mice in these group were treated with different concentrations of “secang” water extract at 15%, 30% and 75%, respectively. The Salmonella thypii bacterial suspension was injected to the mice via intraperitonium adminsitration. In A method, treatment was given 2 hours after infecting the mice with the bacterial suspension, while in the B method, the treatment was given to the mice after 24 hours of bacterial infection. After 3 days of treatment, the intraperitonium fluid of the mice was taken under anaesthetic condition followed by qualitative and quantitative analysis of the biological sample obtained. Quantitative analysis via A method demonstrated that a decreased of 16.54%, 25.29 % and 25.12% in bacterial colony number was observed in the samples collected from K4, K5 and K6 respectively when compared to the respective controls. B method showed smalled decreased (3.37 %, 9.83 % and 20.48 %) in the colony number counted. The qualitative analysis demonstrated that the isolated bacterial strain was Salmonella typhi. In conclusion, boiled water extract of secang could act as effective antibacterial agent because it inhibit the growth of Salmonella thypii under in vivo study conditions.ABSTRAK Salah satu tanaman yang secara empiris banyak digunakan untuk pengobatan adalah Caesalpinia sappan L. (Secang). Batang dari tanaman secang mengandung tanin dan brasilin, yang berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri. Uji antibakteri rebusan secang dilakukan secara in vivo menggunakan 2 metode yaitu metode A dan metode B. Setiap metode terdiri dari 6 kelompok dan setiap kelompok terdiri dari 5 ekor mencit (mus musculus) putih jantan galur DDY. Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari kontrol normal (K1), kontrol positif kloramfenikol (K2), kontrol negatif (K3) dan kelompok yang diberi rebusan secang konsentrasi 15 % (K4), 30 % (K5) dan 75 % (K6). Suspensi bakteri Salmonella thypii diinfeksikan ke mencit secara intraperitonium. Pada metode A, pengobatan diberikan 2 jam setelah mencit diinfeksi bakteri, sedangkan pada metode B, pengobatan diberikan 24 jam setelah mencit diinfeksi bakteri. Setelah tiga hari pengobatan, mencit dianestesi dan cairan intraperitonium mencit diambil untuk dilakukan uji kuantitatif dan uji kualitatif. Hasil uji kuantitatif metode A menunjukkan terjadi penurunan jumlah koloni bakteri dalam cairan intraperitonium mencit pada kelompok 4 (K4), 5 (K5) dan 6 (K6) terhadap kontrol negatif (K3) sebesar 16,54 %; 25,29 % dan 25,12 %; sedangkan pada metode B sebesar 3,37 %; 9,83 % dan 20,48 %. Hasil uji kualitatif pada metode A dan metode B menunjukkan bakteri yang terisolasi dari cairan intraperitonium mencit adalah Salmonella thypii. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rebusan secang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Salmonella thypii secara in vivo.

Hidrolisis Enzimatis Stearin Sawit Menjadi Monogliserida oleh Lipase dari Rhizomucor miehei dan Pankreas Steivie Karaouw; Suparmo Suparmo; Pudji Hastuti; Tyas Utami
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

The objectives of the research were to evaluate the effect of the pH, ratio of substrate:phospate buffer, and reaction time on the enzymatic hydrolysis of palm stearin to obtain monoglyceride by R. miehei and pancreatic lipases. Hydrolysis was evaluated at various pH (6.0; 6.5; 7.0; 7.5 dan 8.0). Enzymatic hydrolysis reactions were held at various ratio of substrate:phospate buffer (10:1, 10:2, 10:3, 10:4, 10:5, 10:6) and duration time of 6, 12, 18, 24 hours by R. miehei lipase and 24, 30, 36, 42, 48 hours by pancreatic lipase. Enzymatic hydrolysis reaction was carried out in waterbath shaker 80 stroke/minute, at 40oC with R.miehei lipase and 37oC with pancreatic lipase. The hydrolysis products were monitored using TLC with petroleum ether:diethyl ether:acetic acid=60:40:1 as developing solvent on silica gel F254 20×20 cm plate. The results showed that optimum pH for both R. miehei and pancreatic lipases were 6.5 and their activities were 332.25 unit/g enzyme amobile and 228.04 unit/g enzyme, respectively. The highest monoglyceride fraction was obtained from ratio substrate:phospate buffer 10:1 at 18 hours of incubation by Rhizomucor miehei lipase (21,59%) and ratio substrate:phospate buffer 10:4 at 42 hours of incubation by pancreatic lipase (40,45%).ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pH, rasio substrat:buffer fosfat dan waktu hidrolisis terhadap produksi monogliserida 2-monopalmitin secara enzimatis menggunakan lipase dari Rhizomucor miehei dan lipase pankreas. Hidrolisis dilakukan pada pH (6,0; 6,5; 7,0; 7,5 dan 8,0), dengan rasio substrat:buffer fosfat (10:1, 10:2, 10:3, 10:4, 10:5 dan 10:6) dan waktu hidrolisis (6, 12, 18 dan 24 jam) menggunakan lipase dari R. miehei dan (6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 dan 48 jam) menggunakan lipase pankreas. Reaksi hidrolisis berlangsung dalam shaker waterbath 80 stroke/menit, pada suhu 40oC untuk lipase dari R. miehei dan 37oC untuk lipase pankreas. Hasil hidrolisis dianalisis dengan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) menggunakan larutan pengembang petroleum eter:dietil eter:asam asetat = 60:40:1 pada pelat silica gel F254 plat aluminiun 20×20 cm. Lipase R. miehei dan lipase pankreas memiliki pH optimum 6,5 dan aktivitasnya masing-masing 332,25 unit/g enzim amobil dan 228,04 unit/g bubuk enzim. Proporsi fraksi monogliserida tertinggi diperoleh pada penggunaan lipase dari R. miehei dengan rasio substrat:buffer fosfat 10:1 dalam waktu 18 jam yakni sebesar 21,59 %, sedangkan penggunaan lipase pankreas menghasilkan fraksi monogliserida tertinggi dalam waktu inkubasi 42 jam pada rasio substrat buffer fosfat 10:4 menghasilkan 40,45%.

Kriteria Kualitatif Penentuan Produk Unggulan Komoditas Perkebunan dengan Metode Delphi di Kabupaten Kolaka-Sulawesi Tenggara Dhian Herdhiansyah; Lilik Sutiarso; Didik Purwadi; Taryono Taryono
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

The determination of the main product of plantation commodity in kolaka has not been done. The purpose of this research were to composing an order of main product of plantation commodity in Kolaka. The object of this research were alternative 17 of plantation commodity. The determination of strategic indicators as the selection criteria of the main products were done by a panel of researchers that experts in different fields in plantation scope. In the effort to reach of the consensus, they were accordance with the Delphi Method. There are seven strategic indicators used as the criteria in determination of the main product of plantation commodity in Kolaka as followed: (1) based on the local resource potential, (2) enhancing to acces domestic and global market, (3) to produce high added value, (4) supported by technology and qualified human resources, (5) eco-friendly product by applying eco-friendly technology and have optimum agriculture waste as well as apply good waste management, (6) implement cooperation principle and business oriented, and (7) administratively and economically feasible for business development. The result of score calculation on the each indicator showed that the main product of plantation commodity were cacao on the first with score 4.6, clove and pepper on the second with score 4.3, and cashew, coconut, and coffee on the third with score 4.2.ABSTRAKPenentuan produk unggulan komoditas perkebunan di Kabupaten Kolaka selama ini belum dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memunculkan suatu urutan produk unggulan komoditas perkebunan di Kabupaten Kolaka. Objek penelitian ini adalah 17 alternatif komoditas perkebunan. Penetapan indikator strategis sebagai kriteria pemilihan produk unggulan komoditas perkebunan dilakukan oleh sekelompok panel peneliti yang memiliki latar belakang kebidangan berbeda dalam lingkup perkebunan. Dalam upaya mencapai konsensus, maka dilakukan dengan Metode Delphi. Ada tujuh indikator strategis digunakan sebagai kriteria penetapan produk unggulan komoditas perkebunan: (1) berbasis kepada potensi sumber daya lokal, (2) memiliki kesempatan yang tinggi untuk akses pada pasar domestik dan dunia, (3) menghasilkan nilai tambah yang tinggi, (4) didukung oleh teknologi dan sumber daya manusia yang handal, (5) ramah lingkungan, dengan menerapkan teknologi yang ramah dan bersih terhadap lingkungan, pemanfaatan limbah pertanian yang optimal, serta menerapkan manajemen limbah yang baik, (6) melaksanakan prinsip-prinsip kerjasama dengan orientasi bisnis, dan (7) secara administratif dan ekonomi layak bagi pengembangan bisnis. Hasil perhitungan skor setiap indikator menunjukkan bahwa sebagai produk unggulan komoditas perkebunan adalah kakao di urutan pertama skor 4,6, cengkeh dan lada di urutan ke dua skor 4,3, jambu mete, kelapa,dan kopi di urutan ke tiga skor 4,2.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Berbasis Jaringan Saraf Tiruan untuk Peramalan Harga Komoditas Tanaman Pangan Ferlando Jubelito Simanungkalit; Lilik Sutiarso; Didik Purwadi
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Decision Support System Based on Artificial Neural Networks For Food Crop Commodities Price Forecasting was designed to provide a stimulus for decision makers concerning food price stabilization, future price trend and available planting schedule policies which enable to maximize the profit. The main purpose of this study is to make the design of Decision Support System (DSS) by firstly analyzing the architecture of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) that appropriate to be used as forecasting method/model base of the DSS. The study was done by using the monthly prices of the food crop commodities in Sleman Regency, D.I. Yogyakarta province, from January 2000 to July 2011. The best architecture was selected based on the lowest value of Mean Square Error (MSE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) from system training, testing and validation result. Then, the best architecture was designed to be the model base of the DSS as well as the database, user interface and elements of knowledge by using the decision support system developing phases and programmed with delphi programming. From the 324 trials unit of the ANN architecture analysis for each commodity, it has been obtained that there was a best ANN architecture for each commodity and valid to be used as the forecasting method with 15% tolerance of MAPE. From 6 varieties of food crop as the object of study, the very best ANN architecture derived from rice IR64 with the architecture [12 – 32 – 1], learning rate 1,75 and the transformation range of the data [0 and 1], with consecutive value of MSE and MAPE in training, testing and validation process was [0,00125 and 2,807%], [0,0219 and 3,289%], [0,0244 and 3,575%]. Based on the validation result, the limit of the forecasting period that still valid to be done by the system was in the next 12 months. The result show that the performance of ANN architecture decrease in terms of price fluctuating sharply, due to the lack of some factors that force price fluctuation. Therefore the development of the ANN architecture was needed as the model base of the DSS in order to improve the ability of the system to provide the better decision support.AbstrakSistem pendukung keputusan berbasis jaringan saraf tiruan untuk peramalan harga tanaman pangan dirancang untuk membantu memberikan stimulus bagi para pengambil keputusan perihal kebijakan stabilisasi harga pangan, tren harga masa depan dan jadwal tanam yang memungkinkan untuk memaksimalisasi keuntungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah rancang bangun Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) dengan terlebih dahulu menganalisis arsitektur Jaringan Saraf Tiruan (JST) yang paling tepat untuk digunakan sebagai metode peramalan/subsistem model SPK. Kajian dilakukan dengan menggunakan tingkat harga bulanan komoditas tanaman pangan di Kabupaten Sleman, D.I. Yogyakarta bulan Januari 2000 – Juli 2011. Arsitektur JST terbaik dipilih berdasarkan pada nilai Mean Square Error (MSE) dan Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) yang paling kecil dari hasil pelatihan, pengujian dan validasi sistem. Arsitektur terbaik kemudian dirancang menjadi subsistem model SPK bersamaan dengan basis data, tampilan antarmuka dan komponen pengetahuan dengan menggunakan fase-fase perancangan sistem pendukung keputusan dan diprogram dengan bahasa pemrograman delphi. Dari 324 percobaan analisis arsitektur JST untuk masing-masing komoditas, diperoleh satu arsitektur JST dengan performa terbaik untuk masing-masing komoditas dan valid untuk digunakan sebagai metode peramalan dengan toleransi MAPE 15%. Dari 6 jenis komoditas tanaman pangan yang menjadi objek kajian, arsitektur JST yang paling baik diperoleh dari komoditas beras IR64 dengan arsitekur [12 – 32 – 1], nilai laju pembelajaran 1,75 dan kisaran transformasi data terletak pada [0 dan 1], dengan nilai MSE dan MAPE pelatihan, pengujian dan validasi berturut-turut adalah [0,00125 dan 2,807%], [0,0219 dan 3,289%], [0,0244 dan 3,575%]. Berdasarkan hasil validasi, batas jangka waktu peramalan maksimal yang valid untuk dilakukan oleh sistem adalah selama 12 bulan ke depan. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa arsitektur JST yang digunakan mengalami penurunan performa pada bagian pola harga yang berfluktuasi dengan tajam, hal ini disebabkan karena arsitektur JST yang digunakan tidak memperhitungkan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya fluktuasi harga, untuk itu perlu pengembangan arsitektur JST sebagai subsistem model SPK guna meningkatkan kemampuan sistem memberikan dukungan keputusan yang lebih baik.

Penentuan Kriteria Mutu Biji Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Berdasarkan Analisis Tekstur Menggunakan Teknologi Pengolahan Citra Digital Latifa Dinar; Atris Suyantohadi; Mohammad Affan Fajar Fallah
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Separation of nutmeg based on quality at the farm level is still not done. At the market level process to separate the whole seed and seed damage done by direct observation. The process has the disadvantage, among others, can not be done continuously and mixed results. Development of non-destructive method for separate nutmeg by class quality effectively and objectively indispensable. On image texture analysis can be used to differentiate the surface properties of an object in the image associated with the rough and smooth, also the specific properties of the surface roughness and smoothness criteria that characterize an object of an object. This study aims to analyze the texture characteristics of the object image nutmeg with image processing to determine the quality grade of nutmeg. The materials used are nutmeg derived from Ternate town of North Maluku with reference to defined quality standards in 2000 that divides Menegristek nutmeg into three quality classes ABCD, Rimpel and BWP. Determination of the quality criteria nutmeg done by the method of discriminant analysis. Texture characteristics extracted from the object image consisting of nutmeg contrast, correlation, energy, homogenity, entropy. The results showed significant parameter correlation and the entropy distinguish quality classes nutmeg with a degree of truth of 96,7%.ABSTRAKPemisahan biji pala berdasarkan mutu di tingkat petani saat ini masih belum dilakukan. Di tingkat pedagang proses untuk memisahkan antara biji utuh dan biji rusak dilakukan dengan pengamatan langsung. Proses tersebut memiliki kelemahan antara lain tidak dapat dilakukan secara terus menerus dan hasil yang beragam. Pengembangan metode non-destruktif untuk memisahkanan biji pala berdasarkan kelas mutunya secara efektif dan objektif sangat diperlukan. Analisis tekstur pada citra dapat digunakan untuk membedakan sifat-sifat permukaan suatu benda dalam citra yang berhubungan dengan kasar dan halus, juga sifat-sifat spesifik dari kekasaran dan kehalusan permukaan suatu objek yang mencirikan kriteria suatu objek. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis ciri tekstur dari citra objek biji pala dengan pengolahan citra untuk menentukan kelas mutu pala. Bahan yang digunakan adalah biji pala yang berasal dari kota Ternate Maluku Utara dengan mengacu pada standar mutu yang ditetapkan Menegristek tahun 2000 yang membagi biji pala kedalam tiga kelas mutu ABCD, Rimpel dan BWP. Penentuan kriteria mutu pala dilakukan dengan metode analisis diskriminan. Ciri tekstur yang diekstrak dari citra objek biji pala terdiri dari kontras, korelasi, energi, homogenitas, entropi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan parameter korelasi dan entropi signifikan membedakan kelas mutu pala dengan tingkat kebenaran sebesar 96,7%.

The Improvement of Sugar Distribution System Using Value Stream Mapping (VSM) Approach A Case Study: Industri Gula Nusantara, Kendal, Jawa Tengah Muchamad Muchfirodin; Henry Yuliando; Adi Joko Guritno
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

This study was aimed to find kind of improvements of sugar distribution system using value stream mapping (VSM) when some inefficiencies in physical and service activities were encountered that will cause wasting time. The VSM was directed to reduce non value added time as the performace parameter. VSM was used to analyze thus inefficiencies because using VSM can simply mapping to trace whole activities both of material and service flow from beginning to the end of process. A case study of Industri Gula Nusantara showed that in its service operations, there were an inefficiency in the process of issueing the loading order. Move thus activity a day earlier, the improvement sounds a shorter service time over order and delivery schedule which in further make a better operation and service over the whole process of sugar distribution. At same time a policy of safety stock or inventory leveling could minimize stock out occasion by the increasing of service level from 25% to 38% that was close to standard deviation of demand during lead time.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Teknologi Penanganan dan Kelayakan Investasi Pascapanen Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) (Studi Kasus Di Kabupaten Pidie Jaya, Propinsi Aceh) Raida Agustina; Lilik Sutiarso; Joko Nugroho Wahyu Karyadi
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Cocoa beans produced by smallholders have low quality because of gaps in information on post-harvest tecnology. Information is needed to provide decision-support making for choosing one alternative implementation of the handling technology cocoa most appropriate and in accordance with the conditions of its territory which can improve the quality of dried cocoa beans. The purpose of this study was developed an decision-support system software as a tool for decision making cocoa post-harvest handling, obtain the best alternative based on technical analysis and economic analysis, evaluate the feasibility of investment, and know the value of the sensitivity of each alternative. This study was carried out from July to December 2010 in Bandar Baru sub district, Pidie Jaya district of Aceh province. Survey and interview were used to collecting data. Collected data used to create a database for a decision-support system model of cocoa post-harvest handling technology, which was processed using the Java programming language. Based on the analysis post harvest technology of cocoa to farmers and investors indicated a mechanical alternative is the best alternative because it produces the greatest benefits. Mechanical alternative gives farmers a profit of Rp.1,419,279,165 per year and gives investors a profit of Rp. 1,023,246,397 per year and feasibility analysis shows NPV Rp 923,577,155 and the value of R/C ratio of 3 is also available in mechanical alternative. The results of sensitivity analysis on each alternative show that the most influential variables on the profitability of farmers and investors is wage labor, the price of fresh cacao fruit, and the price of dry beans.ABSTRAKBiji kakao yang dihasilkan perkebunan rakyat memiliki mutu yang rendah karena adanya kesenjangan dalam informasi mengenai teknologi penanganan pascapanen. Informasi dibutuhkan untuk memberi dukungan bagi pengambil keputusan dalam memilih salah satu alternatif yang tepat dan sesuai dengan kondisi wilayahnya sehingga bisa meningkatkan kualitas biji kering kakao. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membangun sebuah software sistem pendukung keputusan sebagai alat bantu pengambilan keputusan teknologi penanganan pascapanen kakao, memperoleh alternatif terbaik berdasarkan analisis teknis dan analisis ekonomi, mengevaluasi tingkat kelayakan investasi, dan mengetahui nilai sensitivitas dari setiap alternatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2010 sampai dengan bulan Desember 2010 di Kecamatan Bandar Baru, Kabupaten Pidie Jaya, Propinsi Aceh. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey lapangan dan wawancara. Hasil pengambilan data di lapangan dianalisis untuk tujuan penyusunan database model sistem pendukung keputusan teknologi penanganan pascapanen kakao, dan diolah menggunakan bahasa program Java. Berdasarkan hasil analisis teknologi penanganan pascapanen kakao untuk petani dan investor menunjukkan bahwa alternatif mekanis merupakan alternatif terbaik karena menghasilkan keuntungan terbesar. Untuk petani alternatif mekanis memberikan keuntungan sebesar Rp 1.419.279.165,00 per tahun sedangkan untuk investor keuntungan sebesar Rp 1.023.246.397,00 per tahun dan analisis kelayakan menunjukkan nilai NPV sebesar Rp 923.577.155,00 dan nilai R/C ratio sebesar 3,00 juga didapatkan pada alternatif mekanis. Dari hasil analisis sensitivitas pada setiap alternatif, variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap keuntungan petani dan investor adalah upah tenaga kerja, harga buah kakao segar, dan harga biji kering.

Pengendalian Aset Nirwujud dalam Manajemen Sistem Irigasi: Konsep dan Pengembangan Model Nugroho Tri Waskitho; Sigit Supadmo Arif; Mochammad Maksum; Sahid Susanto
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Irrigation was an important component of the agricultural development in Indonesia, but it had many problems. Irrigation management was inefficient, irrigation networks were damaged and farmers participation were poor. These problems were caused by poor of intangible assets. The research aimed at developing the concept and the model of controlling intangible assets in irrigation system management. The research method consisted of two stages. The first stage was developing the concept. The concept of controlling intangible assets in irrigation system management was developed based on principles of knowledge management. The concept stated that intangible assets in irrigation system can be controlled using knowledge management. The second stage was developing the model which consisted of model building and sensivity analysis. Model of controlling intangible assets in irrigation system management was build using neuro-fuzzy. The model had three submodels: knowledge management, intangible assets and performance of irrigation system. Evaluating the model was done in Sapon irrigation system in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Data collecting was done using questionnaire on nine Water Use Associations. Data analysis was done using Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System. The model had been evaluated using correlation coefficient, Mean Absolute Percentage Error and Root Mean Square Error. Result of the study indicated that the concept of controlling intangible assets in irrigation system management had developed based on knowledge management. The concept stated that irrigation system management had to balance between tangible assets and intangible assets. Intangible assets which had amortization need be controlled. Controlling intangible assets can be done by knowledge management. The model of controlling intangible assets in irrigation system management could predict intangible assets and performance of irrigation system well. The model linked knowledge management, intangible assets and performance of irrigation system. Knowledge management felt into four main components: learning organization, principle of organization, policy and strategy of organization and information and communication technology which controlling intangible assets in irrigation system. Intangible assets consisted of moral intelligence, emotional intelligence, creative attitude, institutional culture, and farmer participation which controlling effectiveness of irrigation system. Learning organization was the most sensitive parameter in influencing moral intelligence and creative attitute. Policy and strategy were the most sensitive parameter in influencing emotional intelligence, institutional cultura and farmer participation. Farmer participation was the most sensitive parameter in influencing effectiveness of irrigation system.ABSTRAKIrigasi merupakan komponen penting dalam pembangunan sektor pertanian di Indonesia namun masih mempunyai banyak permasalahan. Manajemen irigasi belum efisien, partisipasi petani yang menurun, jaringan irigasi yang rusak sehingga menurunkan kinerja sistem irigasi. Permasalahan tersebut disebabkan rendahnya kualitas aset nirwujud sistem irigasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengembangkan konsep dan model pengendalian aset nirwujud dalam manajemen sistem irigasi. Metode penelitian terdiri dari dua tahap. Tahap pertama adalah pengembangan konsep. Konsep pengendalian aset nirwujud dalam manajemen sistem irigasi dikembangkan dari prinsip manajemen pengetahuan. Tahap kedua adalah pengembangkan model yang terdiri dari pembangunan model dan analisis sensitivitas. Pembangunan model pengendalian aset nirwujud dalam manajemen sistem irigasi berbasis manajemen pengetahuan dengan prinsip neuro-fuzzy. Model mempunyai tiga submodel yaitu manajemen pengetahuan, aset nirwujud dan kinerja sistem irigasi. Pengujian model dilakukan di Daerah Irigasi Sapon di Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner terhadap sembilan Perkumpulan Petani Pemakai Air. Analisa data dilakukan dengan Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System. Model dievaluasi dengan koefisien korelasi, Mean Absolute Percentage Error dan Root Mean Square Error. Penelitian menghasilkan bahwa konsep pengendalian aset nirwujud dalam manajemen sistem irigasi telah tersusun berbasis manajemen pengetahuan. Konsep menekankan bahwa manajemen sistem irigasi harus menyeimbangkan antara aset wujud dengan aset nirwujud. Aset nirwujud yang selama ini kurang diperhatikan mengalami penyusutan sehingga perlu dikendalikan. Upaya pengendalian aset nirwujud dilakukan dengan manajemen pengetahuan. Model pengendalian aset nirwujud dalam manajemen sistem irigasi yang menggunakan prinsip neuro-fuzzy dapat memprediksi aset nirwujud dan efektivitas sistem irigasi dengan cukup memadai. Model menghubungkan manajemen pengetahuan, aset nirwujud dan kinerja sistem irigasi. Manajemen pengetahuan yang terdiri dari organisasi pembelajar, prinsip organisasi, kebijakan dan strategi organisasi, teknologi informasi dan komunikasi mempengaruhi aset nirwujud sistem irigasi. Aset nirwujud yang terdiri dari kecerdasan moral, kecerdasan emosional, sikap kreatif, budaya lembaga, dan partisipasi petani mempengaruhi efektivitas sistem irigasi. Organisasi pembelajar merupakan parameter yang paling sensitif dalam mempengaruhi kecerdasan moral dan sikap kreatif. Kebijakan dan strategi merupakan parameter yang paling sensitif dalam mempengaruhi kecerdasan emosional, budaya lembaga dan partisipasi petani. Partisipasi petani merupakan parameter yang paling sensitif dalam mempengaruhi efektivitas sistem irigasi.

Pengembangan Konsep Agroindustri Berbasis Sistem Usahatani Terpadu di Wilayah Pasang Surut Bagian I: (Konsep Pemikiran) Rustan Massinai; Putu Sudira; Muhjidin Mawardi; Dwijono Hadi Darwanto
agriTECH Vol 33, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Integrated farming system was directed in efforts to lengthen biological cycle by optimizing use of agriculture and livestock products. Each chain of cycle resulted new product that have high economic value, so this system was expected to optimize empowerment and use of marginal land in all regions. The problems encountered in agricultural systems in tidal swamp land in general, i.e; (a) limitations in the form of land, human resources, technology, and capital owned by farmers, then the potential of local resources need to be managed optimally, directed, integrated and sustainable with a view to improve land productivity and living standards of farmers by way of application of integrated farming systems by integrating crop and livestock based on the potential of local areas, and (b) socio-economic problems and constraints in the development of food crops was due to a swamp area. The objective of this research was to produce integrated farming system concept to support agroindustry development in tidal swamp land in Pulang Pisau regency of Central Kalimantan province. This research was conducted with a book study method, which identifies a system consisting of integrated farming and agroindustry systems. In the both identification is performed by the system includes four aspects, i,e; economic aspects, technical aspects, social aspects of cultural and environmental. Integrated farming systems concept in tidal swamp land was generated from the production of integrated farming systems should first be processed through the processing system (agroindustry) in the form of home industry, or using a mechanical device. After that, it was carried out the marketing of products, systems concepts was expected to increase the added value of agricultural production (rice, coffee and cow). With the application of agroindustry systems in tidal swamp land Pulang Pisau regency of Central Kalimantan Province is expected to increase the economic income of farmers in village.ABSTRAKSistem pertanian terpadu diarahkan pada upaya memperpanjang siklus biologis dengan mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan hasil samping pertanian dan peternakan. Setiap mata rantai siklus menghasilkan produk baru yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi, sehingga dengan sistem ini diharapkan pemberdayaan dan pemanfaatan lahan marginal di seluruh daerah dapat lebih dioptimalkan. Permasalahan-permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam sistem pertanian di daerah pasang surut secara umum, yaitu; (a) keterbatasan yang berupa lahan, sumberdaya manusia, teknologi, serta modal yang dimiliki petani, maka potensi sumberdaya lokal perlu kelola secara optimal, terarah, terpadu dan berkelanjutan dengan maksud untuk meningkatkan produktifitas lahan serta taraf hidup petani dengan cara penerapan sistem usahatani terpadu (integrated farming system) dengan mengintegrasikan tanaman dan ternak berdasarkan potensi wilayah setempat, dan (b) masalah dan kendala sosial ekonomi pengembangan tanaman pangan di daerah rawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan konsep pengembangan sistem usahatani terpadu untuk mendukung agroindustri di lahan pasang surut di Kabupaten Pulang Pisau Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode studi pustaka, yaitu mengidentifikasi sistem yang terdiri dari sistem usahatani terpadu dan sistem agroindustri. Dalam identifikasi kedua sistem tersebut dilakukan meliputi empat aspek yaitu, aspek ekonomi, aspek teknis, aspek sosial budaya dan aspek lingkungan. Konsep sistem usahatani terpadu di lahan pasang surut yang dilakukan yaitu hasil produksi yang dihasilkan dari sistem usahatani terpadu hendaknya terlebih dahulu diolah melalui sistem pengolahan (agroindustri) baik berupa industri rumah tangga (home industry) maupun menggunakan alat mekanis, setelah itu dilakukan pemasaran produk, konsep sistem tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah produksi pertanian (padi, kopi dan ternak sapi). Dengan penerapan sistem agroindustri di lahan pasang surut Pulang Pisau Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan ekonomi petani di pedesaan.

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Home Page

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Contact Name Fiametta Ayu Purwandari

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Editorial Address Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Fiametta Ayu Purwandari

Contact Email
fiametta@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+6285712601130

Journal Mail Official
agritech@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA