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Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology

ijbiotech
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 08538654 EISSN : 20892241 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology

The Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology (IJBiotech) is an open access, peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary journal dedicated to the publication of novel research in all aspects of biotechnology, with particular attention paid to the exploration and development of natural products derived from tropical—and especially Indonesian—biodiversity. IJBiotech is published biannually and accepts original research articles featuring well-designed studies with clearly analyzed and logically interpreted results. A strong preference is given to research that has the potential to make significant contributions to both the field of biotechnology and society in general.

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Articles 518 Documents

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Effects of Dissolved Oxygen Tension and Ammonium Concentration on Polyhydroxybutyrate Synthesis from Cassava Starch by Bacillus cereus IFO 13690 M. Margono; R. Rochmadi; Siti Syamsiah; Muhammad Nur Cahyanto
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 14, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Attempting to get low price of raw material for producing polyhydroxybutyrate is always studied. Tapioca starch is one of the raw material with low price. The objective of this research was to study the effects of initial ammonium concentration and dissolved oxygen tension (doT) on producing PHB by Bacillus cereus IFO 13690 with tapioca starch as the carbon source. This fermentation was carried out in 5 L fementors with a 2 L working volume, temperature of 30 oC, and agitation of 500 rpm. The pH medium was controlled at 5.6 after it came down from the initial pH of 6.8. Meanwhile, the initial doT was 100 % air saturation and also came down to and maintained at doT of experiment, i.e. 1 , 5 , or 10 % air saturation. The best result was obtained when the initial ammonium concentration was 5 g/L and the doT value maintained at 5 % air saturation. By this conditions, the cell growth reached 5,457 g cell dry weight/L containing PHB of 2.42 % cell dry weigh after 29 hours fermentation.

Secondary metabolite profiling of four host plants leaves of wild silk moth Attacus atlas L. Lisna Hidayati; Tri Rini Nuringtyas
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 21, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Secondary metabolites may affect insect herbivores’ host plant preferences. Attacus atlas L. larvae are known have a wider variety of host plants compared with other members of the Attacus genus. This research compared the metabolic profiles of four A. atlas host plants: keben (Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz), dadap (Erythrina lithosperma Miq.), gempol (Nauclea orientalis L.), and soursop (Annona muricata L.). Leaves were collected from Sawit Sari Research Station, Yogyakarta. Terpenoid was extracted by macerating the leaves in ethyl acetate and subjecting them to GC-MS analysis, while alkaloid, tannin, and flavonoid were extracted through percolation. Total alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids were measured using spectrophotometric analysis. Multivariate data analysis using PAST ver. 3.0 was performed on the GC-MS data. Based on the PCA scatter plot of the GC-MS data, keben leaves were clustered separately from the other three leaves by PC1. Dadap and gempol leaves were clustered together due to the phytol content while caryophyllene was detected only in soursop leaves. Neophytadiene was detected in all of the leaves, suggesting that this terpenoid may serve as a signal to locate the host plants. Keben leaves contained the lowest alkaloids and highest tannins and flavonoids compared with the other leaves. These secondary metabolites may determine the host plant suitability for culturing the A. atlas.

Allozyme variation of the endemic and vulnerable Dyera lowii Hook.f. in Central Kalimantan: Implications for genetic resources conservation Tri Suwarni Wahyudiningsih; Mohammad Naiem; Sapto Indrioko; Issirep Sumardi
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 19, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Dyera lowii is an endemic and vulnerable tree species of commercial value as chewing gum found inpeat swamp forests, scatteredly distributed in Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Peninsular Malaysia. Their existenceis now under severe threat due to habitat conversion. This study is aimed to assess genetic diversity withinfour natural populations (Hampangen, Parahangan, Sebangau, Selat Nusa ) and one plantation in CentralKalimantan based on allozyme variation. Electrophoresis procedures were conducted with an isoelectricfocusing polyacrylamide slab gel system. The result showed high genetic diversity (HE=0.52) and gene fl ow(3.402) seemed to be effective. A total of 14 alleles were found among all the analysed population. Meannumber of alleles per locus (Aa) was 3.206, and the effective number of alleles per locus (Ae) was 2.21. Geneticdifferentiation between populations (FST) was signifi cant at the moderately level (0.0685). Most allozymevariation was found within population (93.2%). Special attention is essential to conserve a private allele ofGot-1-e (9%) at Selat Nusa population. Sebangau population missed the alleles of Est-2-b and Got-1-a, as foundin other populations. Selat Nusa population is expected to enhance the effective management for geneticresources conservation of this vulnerable species in the future.

Identification of Protease Producing Halophilic Bacteria from Bledug KuwuMud Volcano Muhammad Saifur Rohman; Irfan Dwidya Prijambada; Yohanna Anisa Indriyani; Heri Hendrosatriyo
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 17, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The objective of this research was to isolate and identify the halophilic bacteria from Bledug Kuwu-mudvolacano having an ability to produce proteolytic enzyme. From this work, 6 bacterial isolates were obtainedfrom mud and water samples using artificial sea water media after incubation at room temperature. Threeout of the 6 isolates (BKL-3, BKL-5, and BKA-1) were selected for further analysis. BKL-3, BKL-5 and BKA-1exhibited an ability to grow at salt concentration greater than 10%. BKL-3 could grow on media supplementedwith 15% of salt, meanwhile BKL-5 and BKA-1 could grow at 20% of salt, respectively. Furthermore, thoseisolates also exhibited proteolytic activity when they were grown on casein media. The phylogenetic analysisbased on the 16SrRNA gene sequences showed that the BKL-3 belong to the group of Bacillaceae, whilst BKL-5and BKA-1 isolates were relatively distance from the group of Halomonadaceae. Therefore, BKL-5 and BKA-1could be considered as the allegedly new species that were separated from Halomonadaceae

Actin Distribution in Lamina Neuralis During Cranial Neurulation of Wistar Rats Embryo (Rattus rattus) Indriayuni Prahastuti; S.M. Issoegianti R.
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 13, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

such as craniorachisis and exencephaly. One of the processes is changing in lamina neuralis cells shape, which iscaused by actin microfilament rearrangement within lamina neuralis cells. To examine the distribution of actinmicrofilament during cranial neurulation Wistar rats embryo were used. Embryos were obtain at following days ofdevelopment; 8 days 18 hours, 9 days, 9 days 6 hours, 9 days 12 hours, 9 days 18 hours, and 9 days 20 hoursrespectively. Immunohistochemistry Avidin Biotin-peroxidase Complex (ABC) method was used to examine andidentify the distribution of actin in lamina neuralis cells. Light microscopic observation shows positive reaction foractin immunoreactivity in the apical surface of bending lamina neuralis cells. In contrast, actin is not observed in nonbendinglamina neuralis. Actin is not detected at 8 days 18 hours embryos. At 9 days embryos, positive reaction isobserved over the entire apical surface of lamina neuralis.Key words: Cranial neurulation, Actin, lamina neuralis, Rats embryo.

Evaluation of rapid detection kit against avian influenza A virus and H5 subtype for field Sample Michael Haryadi Wibowo; Tri Untari; Sidna Artanto; Krisdiana Putri; Surya Amanu; Widya Asmara
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 21, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Avian influenza virus is poultry viral disease, which causes high economic losses. Various efforts have been made to control the disease. One effort is required screening fast and precise diagnostic test. This study was aimed to determine the potential of rapid test kit of AIV/H5 Anigen Rapid Test for the detection of AI virus types A and subtype H5 in the field. Some tests were carried out, e.g.: the potential test, cross-reaction test, sensitivity and specificity test. Potency test was done to evaluate potential of detection limits of the kit, by having the test of serial dilution of AI virus positive control. Cross-reaction test was done to detect antigens other than AI virus H5N1, e.g.: IB virus of Massachuset strain, IBV strain 4-91, Newcastle Disease virus, and Escherichia coli. Sensitivity and specificity test were applied to the filed samples which clinically and laboratory were confirmed as H5N1 positive. To confirm the result of rapid test was then being done by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Based on these results it can be concluded that, Anigen Kit AIV/H5 Ag Rapid Test can detect antigen-containing samples having AI virus HA titer up to 26of type A virus, and up to 25 for subtype H5 virus. Anigen Kit AIV/H5 Ag Rapid Test showed no cross-reactions with Infectious Bronchitis virus, Newcastle Disease virus, and Escherichia coli. Anigen A Rapid Test Kit AIV Ag showed a sensitivity of 50% and specificity of 100%, while Anigen Ag Rapid Test Kit AIV/H5 showed a sensitivity of 25% and specificity is 100%.

Cloning and Expression of ORF124 Koi Herpesvirus as a Vaccine M. Murwantoko; Dewi Nur'aeni Setyowati; Rarastoeti Pratiwi; Masashi Kawaichi
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 17, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Koi herpesvirus (KHV) which also known as Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3), Koi herpes-like virus,and carp interstitial nephritis gill necrosis virus (CNGV), caused signifi cant morbidity and mortality in koiand common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The case fatality rate of this disease is 80–100%. Glycoprotein has beenused for vaccine development as sub unit vaccine against viruses. The aim of this research was to clone andexpress membrane glycoprotein ORF124 KHV as a candidate of recombinant vaccine. ORF124 KHV gene wassuccessfully cloned into pBSKS and sequenced. Result showed that ORF124 KHV (isolate from Indonesia) had100 % similarity with Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 strain TUMST1 (from Japan), 99% similarity with Koi herpesvirus strain KHV-U (from USA) and Koi herpesvirus strain KHV-I (from Israel). Prediction analysis of T and B cellepitopes showed that ORF124 KHV protein had 14 and 11 T cell epitopes (IAd, Rothbard/Taylor pattern),and had 10 B cell epitopes, suggested that the protein can be used as a vaccine candidate. ORF124 gene hasbeen expressed in Escherichia coli under pET32-a(+)vector.

Agrobacterium-Mediated Stable Transformation of Medicinal Plant Andrographis paniculata Callus Expressing β-glucuronidase (GUS) Gene Erly Marwani; Agustina Tangapo; Fenny Martha Dwivany
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 18, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

This study was carried out to establish a stable genetic transformation in callus culture of Andrographispaniculata mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The leaf disks of A. paniculata were infected with A. tumefaciensLBA4404 carrying a binary vector pCAMBIA1304 that contain β-glucuronidase (GUS) and hygromycinphosphotransferase (hpt) genes. The infection was conducted by dipping method for one hour, followed byco-cultivation in the dark for three days. To examine transient GUS expression, the co-cultivated leaf disks wereassayed for β-glucuronidase activity and to obtain stable transformed callus, the co-cultivated leaf disks wereselected on the callus induction medium which contain 20 mg/l hygromycin for selection. The transformedcallus was periodically subcultured every three weeks into the fresh selection medium over the 15 weeksperiod. To test a stable transformation, the callus was subjected to PCR analysis for GUS gene detection. Theresults indicated that the co-cultivated leaf disks expressed GUS activity and proliferated to produce callus onthe selective medium. Analysis of PCR on the transformed callus indicated the presence 976 bp fragment thatconfi rmed the presence of β-glucuronidase gene. These fi ndings imply that the β-glucuronidase was stably integrated into A. paniculata callus culture.Keywords: Andrographis paniculata, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, andrographollide, transformed callus,β-glucuronidase gene.

Identification of BSA B1 Bacteria and Its Potency of Purified Cellulase to Hydrolyze Chlorella zofingiensis Rifqi Zahroh Janatunaim; Radhiyah Mardhiyah Hamid; Ghea Putri Christy; Yekti Asih Purwestri; Woro Anindito Sri Tunjung
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 20, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Cellulase has been widely used as biocatalyst in industries. Production of cellulase from microorganismshas many advantages such as short production time and less expense. Our previous study indicated that oneof cellulolytic bacteria from digestive tract of milkfish (Chanos chanos), namely BSA B1, showed the highestcellulase activity. The objective of this study was to determine the phylogenetic of BSA B1 strain using 16SrRNA gene sequence. Furthermore, this study also determine the specific activity of purified cellulase from BSAB1 strain and its potency to hydrolyze Chlorella zofingiensis cellulose. Cellulase was purified using ammoniumsulphate precipitation, dialysis, and ion exchange chromatography. The purified cellulase was used to hydrolyzecellulose of C. zofingiensis. The result demonstrated that BSA B1 strain was closely related with Bacillus aeriusand Bacillus licheniformis. The specific activity of the crude enzyme was 1.543 U mL-1; after dialysis was 4.384 UmL-1; and after chromatography was 7.543 U mL-1. Purified cellulase exhibited activity in hydrolyzed both CMCand C. zofingiensis. Compared to commercial cellulase, purified cellulase had lower activity in hydrolyzed CMCbut higher activity in hydrolyzed C. zofingiensis. Ethanol dehydration could potentially increase the reducingsugar yield in cellulose hydrolysis when used appropriately. Morphology of C. zofingiensis cell has changedafter incubation with cellulases and ethanol dehydration indicated degradation of cell wall.

Early detection of the orchid flowering gene PaFT1 in tobacco cells using a GFP reporter Sri Wahyuningsih; Muhammad Dylan Lawrie; Budi Setiadi Daryono; Sukarti Moeljopawiro; Soenghoe Jang; Endang Semiarti
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 21, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Here we describe a novel method of using green fluorescence protein (GFP) as a reporter gene for early detection of an integrated TDNA containing the orchid flowering gene, PaFT1 (Phalaenopsis aphrodite Flowering locus T1) in the tobacco genome. Functional assays that report the presence of exogenous DNA early in development are especially useful in plants where the desired phenotype is only apparent after long periods of vegetative growth. The objective of this study is to establish a method for detecting an inserted Phalaenopsis orchid flowering gene and examining its function in tobacco. The p35S::PaFT1 35S::GFP construct was introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA101. Transformed tobacco leaves were cultured on MS medium with addition of 1 mgL-1 NAA+3 mgL-1 BAP+50 mgL-1 Kanamycin+300 mgL-1 timentin for selection. Results showed bright green GFP fluorescent signals in 11 out of 15 (73%) tobacco leaf cells at a 2month time point after transformation. GFP and PaFT1 fragments were amplified in genomic PCR using GFP and PaFT1 specific primers. The accumulated PaFT1 transcripts were observed in 3 monthold transgenic tobacco plants containing p35S::PaFT135S::GFP. Green florescence was observed only in the transgenic plants at the 5 monthold stage but not in the wild type controls.

Page 17 of 52 | Total Record : 518

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