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SPEKTRUM Jurnal Ilmu Politik Hubungan Internasional
Published by Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang
ISSN : 18296580     EISSN : 28095642     DOI : 10.31942/spektrum.v19i1
Core Subject : Social,
Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Spectrum aims to publish scientific articles that focus on the development of thought, theory, and research covering issues of international relations and politics at large.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)" : 10 Documents clear
Nation Branding Tiongkok melalui South-South Cooperation: Studi Kasus PLTS Lagoinha 2023–2025: Indonesia Bajramaya, Dewa; ,Sadewo Pramono Putro; Muhammad Indrawan Jatmika
Spektrum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v23i1.14616

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji strategi nation branding Tiongkok dalam konteks South-South cooperation melalui analisis studi kasus proyek Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) Lagoinha di Brasil (2023–2025). Metode kualitatif dengan kerangka teori Nation Branding (Simon Anholt) dan Soft Power (Joseph Nye) digunakan untuk memahami bagaimana proyek energi terbarukan ini membangun citra positif Tiongkok. Sumber resmi Tiongkok dan media menyoroti proyek ini sebagai capaian berkualitas tinggi Belt and Road yang menampilkan perusahaan China berteknologi maju dan bertanggung jawab. Proyek ini menciptakan lapangan kerja dan mendukung energi bersih, yang menurut pejabat Brazil dan China menjadikannya model kerjasama Sino-Brasil dan pembangunan hijau Narasi ini selaras dengan gagasan Anholt tentang penyusunan strategi citra nasional dan konsep soft power Nye berupa pengaruh lewat nilai dan daya tarik. Hasil studi menunjukkan proyek Lagoinha menampilkan Tiongkok sebagai mitra bertanggung jawab dan inovatif di negara berkembang, memperkuat tujuan nation branding dan soft power melalui kerjasama infrastruktur Global South.
Kontestasi Norma dalam Kebijakan Migrasi Republik Ceko Pada Era Zeman dan Petr Pavel: Analisis Jaringan Wacana (Discourse Network Analysis) Salma Semesta; Yoga Suharman
Spektrum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v23i1.14928

Abstract

Abstract This study aims to compare Czech migration policy at the individual unit and level of analysis, focusing on the leadership of Presidents Miloš Zeman and Petr Pavel, through discourse network analysis and norm contestation framework. The main research question examines how the norm contestation of European Union migrations framework between the two presidents shaped different national migration policy identities. This study analyzes variations in articulated political rhetoric, the interactions of the two presidents with domestic actors and supranational organizations, as well as their responses to the European migration crises, particularly in the aftermath of political turmoil in the Middle East and Russia – Ukraine war. The finding shows that Miloš Zeman emphasized exclusivism and Euroskeptic position, whlie Petr Pavel advances a narrative of reegional solidarity. This article contributes to the literature of norm contestation by showing how it influence the divergent enactment of European migration norms by leaders within the same state.   Keywords: Migration policy, National identity, Czech Republic, Miloš Zeman, P   etr Pavel   Abstrak Pertanyaan yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini berfokus pada bagaimana kontestasi terhadap norma migrasi Uni Eropa antara kedua presiden tersebut membentuk identitas nasional kebijakan migrasi yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menganalisis variasi dalam retorika politik yang dituturkan, interaksi kedua presiden dengan aktor domestik dan organisasi supranasional serta respon terhadap krisis migrasi di Eropa, terutama pasca krisis politik di Timur Tengah dan invasi Rusia ke Ukrania. Temuan dalam artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa Miloš Zeman menekankan pada ekslusivisme dan Euroskeptisisme dan sebaliknya, Petr Pavel menarasikan tentang solidaritas regional. Artikel ini berkontribusi dalam mengembangkan studi mengenai kontestasi norma sebagai determinan yang memengaruhi bagaimana standar-standar normatif tentang migrasi di Eropa dipraktikkan secara berbeda oleh pemimpin di negara yang sama.   Kata kunci: Kebijakan migrasi, Identitas nasional, Republik Ceko, Miloš Zeman, Petr Pavel
The Role of ASEAN as a Regional Governance Actor in the Conflict Resolution between Thailand and Cambodia: The Preah Vihear Temple Dispute, 2008–2011 Lukmana, Savira; Wicaksono, Zakaria Anton
Spektrum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v23i1.14959

Abstract

ABSTRACT This research aims to discuss the role of ASEAN as a regional institution, where this role was implemented in an effort to resolve the conflict that occurred between Thailand and Cambodia in 2008-2011. What is quite unique is that this conflict is basically cultural in nature because it is a dispute over the area around the Preah Vihear Temple which has an area of ​​around 4.6 square km, where the area is the direct border between Thailand and Cambodia. Based on this, a transformation occurred which was initially a cultural problem. However, it later became a conflict on a regional scale, because this conflict had the potential to disrupt stability in the Southeast Asia region. Using a conflict resolution theory approach from Ralf Dahrendolf regarding the methods used to resolve the Preah Vihear Temple dispute between Thailand and Cambodia. ASEAN as a supranational organization at regional level is expected to be able to resolve the conflict between Thailand and Cambodia, including involving its member countries as mediators in the conflict. Keywords: ASEAN Role, Preah Vihear Temple, Thailand - Cambodia Conflict, Conflict Resolution
The Influence of Legal Politics on Economic Development in Indonesia Eksantoso, Sugiono
Spektrum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v23i1.14972

Abstract

Indonesia is a country rich in abundant natural potential, which can be utilized as a resource and transformed into a potential source of funding to advance and improve the welfare of its people, as well as to develop the national economy—making it an attractive target for other countries in the global market. To meet investor needs, Indonesia is expected to create a conducive climate for the entry of foreign investors so that they continue to serve as a source of revenue for economic development in the country. Law, politics, and economics are key pillars of national economic development, and these three elements must be aligned, harmonious, and synergistic. The direction of legal and political policy in the economic sector holds significant value and benefit, enabling the objectives of the law to be achieved. This is because law is formed and constructed to regulate the economic or business behavior of investors and entrepreneurs. In formulating policies, the political role within the government both executive and legislative is crucial. The resulting legal policies are expected to accommodate all national needs, ultimately ensuring equitable welfare for citizens. At the same time, these policies must also provide space for investors to invest their capital safely, comfortably, and confidently within a stable political environment, thereby supporting the achievement of economic development in Indonesia.
Analisis Diplomasi Publik WHO Dalam Mensosialisasikan Pentingnya Vaksin Covid-19 di Indonesia Yuningsih, Yuyun; Alessandro Kurniawan Ulung
Spektrum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v23i1.15016

Abstract

Abstract  This study aims to examine the public diplomacy conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO) in promoting the importance of COVID-19 vaccination in Indonesia. WHO engaged in public diplomacy to address vaccine hesitancy caused by hoaxes and misinformation surrounding COVID-19 vaccines. This study raises the following research question: “How did WHO implement public diplomacy to attract the Indonesian public to COVID-19 vaccination?” To answer this question, the study employs public diplomacy theory and the concept of soft power, using a qualitative research method. Data were collected through a literature review and analyzed in three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The findings indicate that WHO implemented public diplomacy by utilizing social media, conducting social campaigns, and collaborating with news agencies to counter hoaxes about COVID-19 vaccines and encourage vaccine uptake among the Indonesian public. Through these efforts, WHO exercised public diplomacy as a form of soft power to influence public attitudes toward vaccination. This study contributes to a better understanding of the role of WHO as a non-state actor in public diplomacy.   Keywords: Vaccine, Soft Power, Pandemic, Social Campaign, Hoaxes     Abstrak  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji diplomasi publik yang dilakukan oleh Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) dalam mempromosikan pentingnya vaksinasi COVID-19 di Indonesia. WHO melakukan diplomasi publik untuk mengatasi keraguan terhadap vaksin yang disebabkan oleh hoaks dan disinformasi seputar vaksin COVID-19. Penelitian ini mengajukan pertanyaan penelitian sebagai berikut: “Bagaimana WHO mengimplementasikan diplomasi publik untuk menarik masyarakat Indonesia agar bersedia melakukan vaksinasi COVID-19?” Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan teori diplomasi publik dan konsep soft power (kekuatan lunak) dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur dan dianalisis melalui tiga tahap, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan dan verifikasi kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa WHO mengimplementasikan diplomasi publik melalui pemanfaatan media sosial, pelaksanaan kampanye sosial, serta kerja sama dengan media massa untuk melawan hoaks terkait vaksin COVID-19 dan mendorong peningkatan penerimaan vaksinasi di kalangan masyarakat Indonesia. Melalui berbagai upaya tersebut, WHO mempraktikkan diplomasi publik sebagai bentuk soft power untuk memengaruhi sikap dan persepsi publik terhadap vaksinasi. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai peran WHO sebagai aktor non-negara dalam praktik diplomasi publik.   Kata kunci: Vaksin, Kekuatan Lunak, Pandemi, Kampanye Sosial, Hoaks
Studi Perbandingan Insecurity Berbasis Gender Pekerja Pengemudi Perempuan di Indonesia dan India El Musthafa, Nun Arinal Haqqa
Spektrum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v23i1.15079

Abstract

Ketimpangan gender masih menjadi persoalan struktural yang signifikan di negara-negara Global South, khususnya dalam sektor ekonomi dan keamanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara komparatif bentuk-bentuk insecurity berbasis gender yang dialami oleh pekerja pengemudi perempuan di Indonesia dan India. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi perbandingan dengan pendekatan kajian pustaka (library research), di mana data diperoleh dari buku, artikel jurnal ilmiah, dan dokumen-dokumen yang relevan. Studi ini menemukan bahwa fenomena pekerja pengemudi perempuan sangat relevan dengan isu gender dalam kajian Hubungan Internasional, khususnya pada dimensi gender dan ekonomi politik global serta gender dan keamanan. Terdapat persamaan latar belakang masalah finansial dan pandangan stereotip pekerjaan sebagai maskulin, ditemukan perbedaan mendasar pada alat transportasi yang digunakan: motor di Indonesia dan mobil di India. Perbedaan ini memunculkan argumen bahwa pengemudi perempuan di Indonesia cenderung lebih rentan terhadap ancaman fisik dan verbal karena ketiadaan penghalang fisik dan jarak yang sangat dekat dengan penumpang. penelitian ini menekankan perlunya pergeseran fokus dari keamanan negara ke keamanan individu, untuk meredam insecurity berbasis gender. Kata kunci: ketimpangan gender, pekerja pengemudi Perempuan, human security, Global South, studi perbandingan
The Relationship Between Political Volunteers of the Dozer Team and Voters in Shaping Political Participation in the 2024 South Sulawesi Regional Elections Rozano, Rully; Armin Arsyad; Gustiana A. Kambo
Spektrum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v23i1.15086

Abstract

This study aims to analyze how relationships between non-party political volunteers and voters shape political participation in the 2024 South Sulawesi local election. The research employs a qualitative approach with an intrinsic case study design, utilizing in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation as data collection methods. The subjects of the study include Dozer political volunteers and voters in Makassar City, Gowa Regency, and Maros Regency. Data were analyzed using layered thematic analysis. The findings reveal that voter participation is formed through multilayered social relationships consisting of interpersonal, emotional, and instrumental relations. Interpersonal relations build trust and social legitimacy, emotional relations strengthen political attachment and loyalty, while instrumental relations translate these attachments into concrete electoral actions. This study highlights that local political participation should be understood as a socially embedded practice and underscores the strategic role of non-party political volunteers in local political mobilization. Keywords: Non-party political volunteers; political participation; social relations; local elections; local democracy.
Analisis Representasi Kekuasaan Politik Film Dirty Vote Dalam Perspektif Norman Fairclough Fitra, Nur Vania; Prihatmoko, Joko J. Prihatmoko
Spektrum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v23i1.15202

Abstract

Dirty Vote is an effective mass communication medium in delivering social and political criticism, especially of democratic practices in Indonesia ahead of the 2024 elections. Released during the quiet period, this film raises allegations of fraud and power intervention in the electoral process. This research aims to analyze the representation of political power in Dirty Vote from Norman Fairclough's perspective. This research uses a qualitative methodological framework to analyze six excerpts of scenes as representations of political power. The results of the analysis show that language in films is used strategically to shape public opinion and convey ideological messages about certain figures and institutions. Discourse practices reflect the process of film production and distribution in a political context full of interests, while socio-cultural practices reveal the relationship between film narratives and power structures in society. Thus, Dirty Vote does not only function as a documentary work, but also as a tool of discourse criticism that dismantles the dominance of power and voices public aspirations for a more ethical and transparent democracy. Keywords: Critical Discourse Analysis, Norman Fairclough, Representation of Power, Documentary Film, Dirty Vote
Volatilitas Suara Partai Politik Dalam Pemilihan Umum Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD) Kabupaten Semarang Tahun 2014-2024 Baiti, Arinta Mustika Baiti; Setiawan, Zudi Setiawan
Spektrum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v23i1.15203

Abstract

This study aims to determine the volatility of political parties and the causes of the volatility of political party votes in the 2014-2024 Semarang Regency DPRD general election. The type of research used is qualitative research combined with qualitative in numeric with a descriptive approach. The results of this study show that the Semarang Regency DPRD election volatility index is low, with an average of 26.29 in the last three elections. This can be seen in the 2019 Election Volatility Index of 33.05 decreasing to 19.54 in the 2024 Election. Low volatility indicates a strong relationship between parties and constituents that leads to stable election results while also indicating openness or rationality of voters. Low volatility is caused by two factors, namely (1) internal party factors (party organization) which refer to loyalty, social roots, division or cohesion and party electoral performance (2) external factors (volatility of the party system) which refer to the election system, political party format, ideological polarization and media coverage. Keywords: Elections, Political Parties, Volatility
Strategi Marketing Politik Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP) di Kabupaten Jepara Dalam Menghadapi Pemilu Legislatif Tahun 2024 Riyanto, Agus Riyanto; Nida, Lia Khoirotin Nida
Spektrum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/spektrum.v23i1.15217

Abstract

Kabupaten Jepara, Provinsi Jawa Tengah sejak lama dikenal sebagai basis pendukung Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP) sejak Orde Baru hingga sekarang. Artikel ini bertujuan membahas strategi maketing politik PPP di Kabupaten Jeparang dalam mempertahankan dominasinya pada pemilu legislatif 2024. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Peneliti menggunakan teori STP (segmentasi, targeting, dan positioning) dan 3P (push marketing, pull marketing dan pass marketing) dari Adman Nursal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PPP di Kabupaten Jepara dalam segmentasimenggunakan beberapa segmen yaitu agama, gender, usia, psikografis, kelas-sosial, serta perilaku. Selain itu PPP juga menerapkan strategi targeting- positioning. Kemudian strategi 3P diterapkan, namun pada pull marketing PPP Kabupaten Jepara masih lemah. Kata kunci : Marketing Politik, Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP), Partai Islam

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