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INDONESIA
Planta Tropika
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 0216499X     EISSN : 25287079     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
PLANTA TROPIKA : Jurnal Agrosains (Journal of Agro Science) provides a forum for researchers on applied agricultural science to publish the original articles. PLANTA TROPIKA published two times a year (February and August) by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta in collaboration with Indonesian Association of Agrotechnology / Agroecotechnology (PAGI). Planta Tropika focuses related to various themes, topics and aspects including (but not limited) to the following topics Agro-Biotechnology, Plant Breeding, Agriculture Waste Management, Plant Protection, Soil Science, Post Harvest Science and Technology, Horticulture.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 10, No 1 (2022)" : 12 Documents clear
Variability of Agro-morphological Character and Genotype Clustering of Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunberg) Matsum & Nakai] as Basic Selection for New Variety Lestari, Puji; Waluyo, Budi
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol 10, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v10i1.6936

Abstract

Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb) Matsum Nakai] is an important fruit commodity, which has the potential to be developed. Watermelon belongs to the cucurbitaceae family, which has advantages in terms of nutritional, environmental and economic values. Production of watermelon in Indonesia decreased from 2014 to 2016. Therefore, the productivity of watermelons could be increased by conducting this research. The aim of this research was to examine the variability of agro-morphological characters and clustering of watermelon. This research was conducted using seventy eight watermelon genotypes. Seventy-five watermelon genotypes and three commercial varieties were grown in an augmented design. Seventy-five genotypes were spread into four blocks, and each block contained the commercial varieties. The result of this research showed that the cumulative variability reached 81.22 %, with seventen main components and only five effective main components. Based on the cluster analysis, the seventy eight watermelon genotypes were divided into seven clusters, resulting in genetic distance of 0.486 - 0.999 and coefficient of similarity of 93 %. Ten watermelon genotypes selected based on consumer preferences can be used as recommendations to be released as a variety.
Determination of Agronomic Characteristics as Selection Criteria in Potato Crossing Lines Ishartati, Erny; Sufianto, Sufianto; Zakia, Aulia; Mejaya, Made Jane; Madianto, Rudy
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol 10, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v10i1.7571

Abstract

Vegetative propagation of potato decreases variation in commercially cultivated varieties. Induction of variability in potatoes is needed for crop improvement. Selection is selecting the best individual plants based on the desired characteristics, which will be effective when suitable characteristics are used. The objective of this study was to determine the agronomic characteristics for the selection of potato crossing lines through heritability, genetic variability, and genotypic correlation. The experiment was conducted at the Greenhouse, Sumber Brantas Village, Batu City, East Java. The materials used were 30 potato lines resulting from LJPRSD1 x AP-4. This study was arranged in a complete randomized design (RCD) with three replications. The agronomic characteristics observed include plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, the diameter of tuber, number of tubers, tuber length, weight per tuber, starch, and glucose. Almost all characteristics observed showed high heritability values, except stem diameter and tuber length. The genetic variability in stem diameter, tuber diameter, and tuber length was low, whereas the genetic variability in other characteristics was slightly low. The genotypic correlation was significant between characteristics, except between starch content and weight per tuber. Meanwhile, the agronomic characteristics used for selection are plant height, diameter of tuber, number of tubers.
Agrobiodiversity as Necessary Standard for the Design and Management of Sustainable Farming Systems Borsari, Bruno
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol 10, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v10i1.14105

Abstract

Agriculture constitutes the major planetary force, which over the course of the past century has been changing forever the connotations of terrestrial ecosystems, due to its dependence on resources and impacts (e.g.: global climate change, biodiversity loss, pollution, and eutrophication of fresh and coastal waters). The purpose of this work aimed at demonstrating the compelling need to design and manage modern farms in a way that these may conserve, and even foster biodiversity because its restoration offers resilience, longevity, and productivity to 21st century farms. Therefore, special emphasis in this work was given to the management of agricultural soils and agroforestry. These approaches enhance biological diversity, while strengthening the health of plants, animals, and human communities thus, contributing to the health of planet Earth. Agroecology is the science, practice and social movement that effectively, can assist with a conversion of farming systems toward sustainability and a restoration of agrobiodiversity.
Weeding Frequencies Improve Soil Available Nitrogen in Organic Paddy Field Maimunah, Margi Asih; Kautsar, Valensi; Bimantara, Putu Oki; Kimani, Samuel Munyaka; Utami, Asih Indah; Sabri, Riza Kurnia; Tawaraya, Keitaro; Utami, Sri Nuryani Hidayah; Purwanto, Benito Heru; Cheng, Weiguo
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol 10, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v10i1.12707

Abstract

Appropriate weeds control is needed against weeds constraints in field, especially the organic field. With the appropriate management, weeding would benefit the organic field not only in reducing weeds but also in increasing nitrogen (N) availability in organic rice fields. This research aims to observe soil available N changes affected by weeding frequencies in organic paddy fields. Treatments applied were five weeding frequencies (WF) such as 0 WF, 2 WF, 4 WF, 6 WF, and 8 WF, to study the effect of various weeding frequencies on soil total N and available N ( NH4+ and NO3–) in the organic rice field. The soil in the conventional field was analyzed as a comparison to organic field soil. The results showed that soil C and N contents are similar in all treatments. Meanwhile, 6 WF performed the highest soil  NH4+ among organic plots (10.36 mg N kg–1) and 8 WF enhanced soil NO3– to the highest average among all plots (10.12 mg N kg–1). The treatment of 6 WF and 8 WF also maintain the increase of soil  NH4+ to 51 days after transplanting (DAT), meanwhile 0 WF, 2 WF, and 4 WF decreased after 40 DAT. Water samples from fields inlet-outlet and river showed that  NH4+ content found in water sample was higher than NO3–. We concluded that the more frequencies of weeding applied to organic fields potentially preserved soil inorganic N longer, which is very important in supporting rice growth. 
Epiphytic Weeds Control by Root Infusion Method in Oil Palm Edyson, Edyson; Murgianto, Fitrah; Ardiyanto, Adhy
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol 10, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v10i1.10802

Abstract

Epiphytic weeds living on oil palm trunks will complicate harvesting activities. In addition, the presence of this weed can increase the risk of accidents being hit by fruit during harvesting. The objective of this research was to obtain herbicide and its efficient concentrations to control epiphytic weeds using root infusion method. The research was arranged in a single factor completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and five replications. Active ingredients of herbicide that used were methyl metsulfuron at a concentration of 20%, 30%, and 40%, glyphosate 30%, and triclopyr + diesel fuel at a ratio of 1:19. All treatments except triclopyr were diluted in 100 ml water for each epiphytic weed. Weed mortality rate (%) was observed every week for one month. The results showed that a solution of 30% methyl metsulfuron herbicide in 100 ml of water and 30% glyphosate in 100 ml of water was the most optimal treatment in controlling epiphytic weeds. Cutting the entire suction root of epiphytic weeds can increase the chance of weed mortality.
The Yield Gap Maize under Intensive Cropping System in Central Java Aristya, Vina Eka; Samijan, Samijan
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol 10, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v10i1.8789

Abstract

The study aimed to estimate the level of the yield gaps of maize in major producing areas, point out the causes of yield gaps in farmers’ maize fields, and identify opportunities to the existing yield gaps through management practices of maize production in Central Java. This is the strategy for closing the existing yield gaps to achieve food self-sufficiency in agricultural land. Methods to estimates the yield gaps should cover data sources on physical conditions (weather and soil), management practices, and smallholder shapes. The relevant methods for estimating actual yields (Ya), potential (Yp), and water-limited (Yw) were compared. The yield gaps of maize under intensive cropping systems in rainfed ecosystems resulted in significant differences in all cultivation situations. The lowland rainfed maize showed Ya, Yp, and Yw values of 5.57, 12.83, and 12.47 ton/ha, respectively. The major causes of the yield gaps include variety, land preparation, and water issues concerned with the limited water inputs.
Histopathological Evaluation of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Strains Resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii Disease Samiyarsih, Siti; Erlina, Chindy Ayu; Muljowati, Juni Safitri; Fitrianto, Nur
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol 10, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v10i1.8907

Abstract

Sclerotinia infection of stem and leaf of soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr. caused by the fungal pathogen of Sclerotium rolfsii has recently become more important in the Indonesian soybean production area. This study aimed to evaluate the level of resistance and intensity of infection by S. rolfsii in four soybean strains. The research was arranged in a factorial completely randomized design. The observed variables include the anatomy characteristics of leaves and stems of soybean and disease intensity caused by S. rolfsii. The data were analyzed quantitatively with the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 95% and 99% confidence level, followed by the Least Significant Difference Test (Fisher’s LSD) at the level of 5%. Soybean leaves and stem anatomy inoculated by S. rolfsii showed a decrease in the stomatal density, epidermis thickness, and mesophyll thickness as well as a damaged cuticle, damaged stem epidermis, and swollen stem cortex. Four strains inoculated by S. rolfsii showed a higher disease intensity of 40%-80% compared to the resistant cultivar ('Dering') and susceptible cultivar ('Wilis'), showing disease intensity of 20% and 40%, respectively.
The Effectiveness of Oil Palm Empty Bunch Compost and Goat Manure on Shallots Cultivated on Red Yellow Podzolic Soil Mamondol, Marianne Reynelda; Meringgi, Amossius Rompolemba Andi Baso
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol 10, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v10i1.10621

Abstract

Red yellow podzolic (RYP) soil is one of the limiting factors in crop cultivation due to its high level of acidity and low content of essential nutrients. This study aimed to explore the effect of oil palm empty bunch (OPEB) compost and goat manure on shallots cultivated on RYP soil, determine the best treatment combination as fertilization recommendation, and analyze the economic feasibility for organic shallot farms. Observations were conducted on soil pH, crop growth, crop yield, shallot farm economic analysis, and the fertilization effectiveness calculation.  The results demonstrated that the fertilization had a significant interaction effect on crop height, number of tillers, and fresh and dry tuber weights, but not on the soil pH, number of leaves, and tubers per cluster. A combination of 4 ton/ha compost and 1,00 ton/ha manure resulted in optimal production of dry tubers reaching 0.708 kg/plot (2.36 ton/ha). Meanwhile, the highest production of dry tubers of around 0.990 kg/plot (3.30 ton/ha) resulted from the combination of 5 ton/ha compost and 1.25 ton/ha manure.  Farm analysis showed that organic fertilizer applications provided economic profit, indicated by R/C Ratio value greater than 1. The effectiveness of organic fertilization using compost and manure reached the highest values of 318.90% and 384%, respectively.
The Role of Indigenous Mycorrhizae of Corn Plants in Various Soil Types in Gunung Kidul, Indonesia Diannastiti, Fani Aulia; Utami, Sri Nuryani Hidayah; Widada, Jaka
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol 10, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v10i1.11428

Abstract

Indigenous Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (VAM) are natural mycorrhizae from specific areas that have good environmental adaptability. This study, conducted from January to November 2020 at the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada,  aimed to isolate the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus so that it can be used as information on the type and role of VAM on Gunung Kidul soil. The research was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three factors. The first factor was soil type from Gunung Kidul Regency (Inceptisol, Mollisol, and Alfisol), the second factor was sterilization (sterilized soil and unsterilized soil), and the third factor was corn variety (local and hybrid). Analysis of soil and plant growth was performed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (Tukey's HSD) Test. Genetic detection of root infecting VAM was performed by using Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) method with FAM AML1-AML2 labeled primers. The VAM detected in the roots of hybrid variety included Acaulospora sp., Gigaspora sp., and Septoglomus sp., and those in the roots of local variety were Acaulospora sp., Gigaspora sp., and Funelisformis sp. The results showed that the role of VAM could be seen through unsterilized soil so that there was no VAM elimination in the soil. Unsterilized soil showed the best results of root infection, leaf fresh and dry weight, leaf phosphor (P) content, and leaf P uptake. Meanwhile, Alfisol showed the best result of root infection, fresh weight, dry weight, leaf P content, and leaf P uptake. The treatment of plant varieties showed that the varieties did not significantly affect the root infection, fresh weight, dry weight, leaf P content, and leaf P uptake.
The Addition of Trichoderma sp. in Various Types of Organic Liquid Fertilizer to Increase NPK Nutrient Uptake and Soybean Production in Ultisol Rapialdi, Rapialdi; Munir, Jamilah; Ernita, Milda
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol 10, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v10i1.9814

Abstract

Indonesia imports up to 70% of its domestic soybean needs from abroad. Therefore, it is necessary to increase soybean yields in Indonesia, among others, by providing Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of LOF enriched with Trichoderma sp. on the yield of Mutiara-1 soybean in Ultisol. The experiment was conducted on dry land with a pH of 4.66 (acidic) in Kuranji Village, Kuranji District, Padang. The experiment was arranged in a factorial completely randomized design consisting of two factors, including the dose of Trichoderma sp. and the type of LOF. The doses of Trichoderma sp. inoculants were 0, 1, and 2 kg for every 20 kg of fermented LOF main ingredients. The main ingredients of LOF used in this experiment were Chromolaena odorata, Tithonia diversifolia, and Trichoderma sp. Meanwhile, the type of LOF tested was according to the composition of the main ingredients, consisting of no LOF, Crocober, and Tithocroco. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and continued with the LSD test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the addition of 2 kg of Trichoderma sp. inoculants to Tithonia + C. odorata (Tithocroco) resulted in the highest dry seed production, reaching 3.17 tons ha-1 or an increase of 38.42% compared to those without LOF.

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