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INDONESIA
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 202 Documents
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PRESERVATION OF HOT CHILI WITH ACTIVATED NATURAL ZEOLITE Fatimah, Dewi; Estiaty, Lenny M.
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol 2, No 1 (2003)
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Abstract

Investigation has been done for chilli (keriting and hot beauty type) preservation using natural silicate (zeolite). Zeolite from Cikancra (mordenite and clinoptilolite type is prepared in various particle sizes and activated at different temperatures. The activated zeolite is tested for its ability to absorb water. It is found that zeolite with particle size of -100 +140 mesh and activated at 400ºC has the highest capability for water absorption. This zeolite is then used in the preservation tests. Zeolite can extend the preservation of chillies up to 18 days for ‘hot beauty’ type and 23 days for ‘keriting’ type. Vitamin C plus (Vit.C + organics) content of chillies after preservation is also increased to 378.29 mg/100g (keriting) and 606.87 mg/100g for hot beauty. During preservation period, pH of hot beauty chilli is constant while pH of keriting chilli is decreased from 5.66 to 5.39. Carbohydrate content is increased for keriting chilli from 2.18% to 2.33% but it is decreased for hot beauty chilli from 2.77% to 2.01%. Total soluble solid (TSS) content of both chillies is decreased to below 0.95%. Water content of fresh chillies, for keriting type is 79.73% and for hot beauty type is 88.40%. Unexpectedly, fungi’s are formed in small parts of chillies during preservation. However, in general, the preservation tests in closed system have produced fresh chillies with high nutrition content.
THE INFLUENCE OF Cu CONCENTRATION ON Cu-ZEOLITE TO ANTIBACTERIAL POWER IN STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS Dyah Irnawati; Purwanto Agustiono; Endi Hanifah Wardhani
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2010)
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Abstract

Microorganisms on the mouth can cause disease on hard and soft muscular of the mouth. One of the microorganisms is a bacteria S. mutans which become etiology of dental caries. The copper (Cu) is one of chemical agents to control microorganism growth. The copper could be combined with zeolite as antibacterial materials. This study aimed to known the affect Cu concentration on Cu-Natural zeolite to antibacterial power of S. mutans. The study was conducted by making five groups of Cu-Zeolite are 0,05M, 0,1M, 0,15M, 0,2M, and 0,25M. 100 mesh zeolite powder was activated at temperature 200 oC during one hours. CuCl2 solution with concentration of 0,05 M until 0,25 M are made each with volume of 80 mL. Cu-zeolite made by reacting 2 gram of zeolite powder with 80 ml of CuCl2 solution for one hours at temperature of 100 oC, then filtered, washed, and dried on the oven at 100 oC during 24 hours. S. mutans bacterial (0,1 mL x 108 CFU/mL) were grown in solid media MHA, then Cu Zeolite (30 mg) was included on pitting at gel media an incubated for 24 hours at temperature 37 oC (n=5). Transulent zone diameter was measured with digital slide-term (0.01 mm). The data were analyzed by anava one stripe and HSH with level signification of 0,05. The result showed an average of translucent zones was 0 mm (0,05 M gropus), 16,03 + 0,47 mm (0,10M), 16,45 + 0,91 mm (0,15M), 18,08 + 0,39 mm (0,20M), and 18,26 + 0,68 mm (0,25M). Anava test showed Cu concentration on 0,10 M up to 0,25 M of Cu Natural zeolite was significantly effect on translucent zones of S. mutans (p< 0,01). The result of HSD showed a significantly difference among all gropus, except on 0,01 M and O,15 M, and 0,20 m and 0,25 m (p>0,05). Conclusion of this study is Cu concentration in Cu-natural zeolite has affected antibacterial power of S. mutans. 0,01 M of Cuconcentration in Cu-natural zeolite has an antibacterial power to S. mutans and highest antibacterial power was on concentration groups of 0,20M.
EXTRACTION OF ALUMINA FROM BAUXITE RESIDUE FOR PREPARATION OF SYNTHETIC ZEOLITE WITH FERRUM CONCENTRATE AS BY PRODUCT Muchtar Aziz
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2010)
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Abstract

Extraction of alumina from bauxite West Kalimantan (containing 45% of Al2O3 and 16% of Fe2O3) has been conducted, it is produce a alumina and bauxite residue (red mud). The residues were still containing alumina about 20% and ferrum (Fe2O3) about 37%. On further, residues processed through baking or sintering with mixture of soda and lime (lime-soda sinter process) at temperature of 800°-1100°C. Sintering which dissolved on dilute solution of sodium carbonate, was produces a aluminum hydrate (2NaAlO2) and residue of dissolution. Dipresipitasi solution produces aluminum hydrate precipitate (Al (OH) 3) that can be utilized as a raw material of synthetic zeolite. Ferrum minerals on residues dissolution was concentrated with 1000 gauss magnetic separator that produces a ferrum concentrate as a side effect. The result showed that alumina about 75% to 85% could be extracted or recovered from residues of bauxite with 98.7% of Al2O3, and also it was produced a ferrum concentrate grades 66% of Fe2O3 (46 % Fe) with acquisition of 40% as a side product.
ENGINEERING OF ZEOLITE MINERAL WITH WET IMPREGNATION INHIBITOR METAL METHOD AS RAW MATERIAL OF ANTISEPTIC BY CONTINOUS FLOW METHOD Lenny Marilyn Estiaty
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2010)
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Abstract

Industrial minerals, such as natural zeolite can be engineered into raw materials on manufacturing of medical products, especially as an antiseptic. Zeolite with the crystal structure characteristic could be function as an antiseptic carrier and active subtances would be saved on crystal structure of zeolite which was on certain circumstances will be work or out of the frame structure. The active substances are an inhibitor metal with low concentration and could be a toxic for microbial cell plasma. The used natural zeolite as an antiseptic carrier with inhibitor metal Cu has not yet developed. In this study, antiseptic substances has made by impregnation method with flow continuously were a compound or metal substances put in crystal structure without changing the crystal structure. The impregnation conducted by purification process and modification of natural zeolite become a zeolite-H in order easily to substituted by Cu metal. The products is much metals K, Na, Ca, Mg out from zeolite making a Zeolite-H was perfect, so the planting of Cu metals was maximum. The purification, modification, and impregnation process did not change the shape of crystal zeolite, and degradation do not occur on modernite peaks so expected the characteristic from zeolite does not change so it is could be functions as antiseptic carrier. Absorption test and power test of bacterial growth was conducted to try the antiseptic substances against bacteria and fungi. The result that zeolite-Cu had been successfully made although not optimal. The absorption capacity of natural zeolite higher than the absorption capacity of zeolite-Cu, because the absorption capacity of zeolite-Cu was disrupted by entry of metal Cu. Inhibition of bacteria and fungi growth occurs more on media with addition zeolite-Cu. It was because the inhibition of zeolite-Cu already functioning.
THE KINETIC AND DIFUSSION ION EXCHANGE OF Cs ON ZEOLITE BAYAH, LAMPUNG, AND TASIKMALAYA Dian Anggraini; Noviarty Noviarty; Arif Nugroho
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2010)
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Abstract

The ion exchange of Cs on NH4-Zeolite which has been activated become a zeolite monocation has been conducted on natural zeolite from Bayah, Lampung, and Tasikmalaya. On these three types of zeolite, the process of ion exchange of Cs with ammonium ion was conducted at various time (from 1 hour up to 24 hours) and temperature (303 K and 323 K). Cation exchange kinetics and diffusion process on each type of zeolite was observed and calculated the parameters included diffusion coefficient and activation energy using Arrhenius formula. The study showed that diffusion coefficient from Cs-ions into zeolite of Bayah, Lampung, and Tasikmalaya almost same, which is about 2,3 10-13 , 2,3 10-13 and 2,1 10-13 m2.det.-1 at temperature 303 K, and 9,3 10-14, 9,6 10-14, and 9,6 10-14 m2.det.-1 at temperature 323 K. The parameter calculation result of ion exchange reaction is activation energy Ea (kJ/mol) on that types of zeolite are almost same value, which is 36.61, 36.61, and 31.09 for each zeolite of Bayah, Lampung, and Tasikmalaya. The study showed that Ea value was greater than the previous study by using artificial zeolite (zeolit-A with Ea = 9,96 kJ/mol), so it can be concluded that Cs-ions exchange into natural zeolite has a greater barrier because the composition of natural zeolite more complex which was might contain more than one types of zeolite structure.
ANALYSIS OF ISOTOPE Cs ON PROCESSING SEPARATION OF Cs AND ZEOLITE USING SPECTROMETRY-γ Arif Nugroho; Dian Anggraini; Noviarty Noviarty
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2010)
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Abstract

The analysis of Cs-isotope was conducted on separation process of Cs 137 isotope using a Lampung zeolite. Analysis of Cs based on modification of ASTM E320-79 method. Modification process including a Cs separation by extraction using a TBP/OK and by direct sedimentation as CsClO4, which was subsequently applied using a zeolite. Cs-isotope measurement was conducted using spectrometer γ. The result of Cs 137 analysis through the direct sedimentation with zeolite obtained about 86,40% ± 0,1%, while the analysis of Cs-137 by extraction modification separated process which followed by catching zeolite obtained a recovery about 28,05% ± 5,28%, and by modification precipation process with ASM obtained a recovery about 52,55% ± 1,11%.
THE PHENOL HYDROXYLATION USING A MoO3/TS-1 CATALYST THAT CALCINED ON THE VARIOUS TEMPERATURE Anis Farika; Syafsir Akhlus; Didik Prasetyoko
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2010)
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Abstract

MoO3/TS-1 catalyst has been proven have a higher catalityc activity rather than TS-1 on phenol hydroxylation reaction become a hydroquinone. Preparation catalyst using a impregnasi technique with ammonium molbidate as a precursor. Catalyst calcined at temperature 400-800°C and characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), pyridin adsorption, and hydrophilicity test. Calcinations temperature affects a catalyst characteristic and related to catalyst activity. MoO3/TS-1 catalyst has been calcined at temperature 400°C showed a higher hydrophilicity rather than TS-1, a faster speed reaction on phenol hydroxylation, and increasing of catalyst activity rather than initial catalyst, TS-1.
THE UTILIZING OF ZEOLITE MINERALS AS AGRICULTURE SOIL CONDITIONER IN RELATION TO ITS STANDARIZATION AND INCREASING FOOD CROP M. Al-Jabri
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 1 (2010)
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Abstract

The used of zeolite mineral as soil ameliorant on agricultural had been known since long time ago. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) of zeolite is ≥ 100 cmol(+) kg-1 which regulated on SNI No 13-3494 1994 is a determining quality of zeolite test. However, it is very reasonable to be revised. There are several reason why determining CEC of zeolite on SNI No 13- 3494-1994 must to be revised, because there is an error as possible as on determining CEC of soil. The research aimed to study the measurement of CEC zeolite for agricultural which conducted on five laboratories were (1) Bogor Agricultural University by using stirring (shaking)-sentrifusi decantation methods, (2) Service Soil Laboratory at Indonesian Soil Research Institute by using percolation method that measured by calorimetric auto analyzer, (3) Soil Laboratory at Indonesian Soil Research Institute by using percolation method that measured by spectrometry, (4) PT. Sucofindo, and (5) Research and Development Centre for Mineral and Coal Technology by using percolation method. The result from quality test of CEC zeolite A and zeolite B from five laboratories was significant different, because the difference procedures of the method such as zeolite quality (grade and types), zeolite fineness, and ratio of zeolite to ammonium acetate solution. The criteria of CEC zeolite for agricultural on SNI recommended to be revised on five types are (1) ≥ 100 cmol(+) kg-1(class A); 100 - 80 cmol(+) kg-1 (class B); 80 "“ 60 cmol(+) kg-1 (class C), 60 "“ 40 cmol(+) kg-1 (class D), < 40 cmol(+) kg-1 (class E). The result from test of zeolite effectiveness on green house condition showed that distributing of zeolite soil ameliorant could improving grain yield pithy about 19,41% with the average weight of grain pithy with zeolite are 73,30 gram/pot, while without zeolite are 61,22 gram/pot. Giving the combination of ZKK with manure increasing higher the dry weight loose maize is 8,44 tons/ha than without giving the ZKK is 5,65 tons/ha.
APPLICATION OF ZEOLITE AT SANDY SOIL FOR SEEDLINGS MEDIA OF OIL PALM S. Rahutomo; Winarna Winarna; H. Santoso; E. S. Sutarta
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 1 (2010)
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Abstract

Two studies of zeolite application on oil palm seedlings for repair media of planting using a sandy soil type to seedlings media of oil palm have been conducted by The Oil Palm Research Center at experimental garden Aek Pancur, North Sumatra. Research I using Typic Udipsamment soil with 4 dose level of zeolite (0,50,100, and 150 g / polybag). Research II using tin tailings which treated zeolite soil amelioran materials, empty fruit bunch compost, dolomite, and also compared with the top soil is Typic Hapludult. The study I showed that application of zeolite is generally able to increase nutrient content in soil and soil cation exchange capacity inclined growth of better seeds. However, at doses of 150 g/polybag, zeolite application actually lowers the pH and increasing Aldd was followed by poor seedling growth. The study II using tin tailings as planting media, zeolite application has not yielded as good as empty fruit bunch compost applications to support seedling growth and nutrient uptake. Continued research related to determining the appropriate dose, and combination with other soil amelioran materials to increasing effectiveness of zeolite in improving the physical, chemical, and biological soil charachteristic as a medium sand fraction dominated planting of oil palm breeding is still very necessary.
INFLUENCE OF CONSISTENCY AND ACTIVATOR LIQUID ON ACTIVATION PROCESS OF NATURAL ZEOLITE BY HYDROTHERMAL FOR HARDNESS WATER PROCESSING IN FIXED COLUMN Endang S. Rahayu; Adu Damilsun; Krisna Aditia
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 1 (2010)
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Abstract

Zeolite can function as cation exchanger or adsorbent for elimination pollutan in water. In general, natural zeolite have a low capability to eliminate a hard subtances in water. The study aimed to increase elimination capacity hardness by activated natural zeolite and study the effect of activation processes. This study was conducted to natural zeolite Cikalong-Tasikmalaya with a hydrothermal process at temperature 100 0 C with variations of consistency reaction system, concentration and activator liquid type. Activation natural zeolite was done with variations of consistency of 12,5%; 25%; 37,5%; and 50%, activator liquid concentrate of 2N NaOH and 1N NaOH, and activator liquid types of NaOH and NaCl. The result of process is a active zeolite to the test of implementation a hard water processing in fixed column with depth of zeolites 90 cm, it was operated continously with a linier speed of 2 m/hours, total hardness and hardness of Ca2+ as a parameters test with reference to SNI 06-4161-1996 and SNI 06-2429-1991, variations of standard water concentration between 240 to 440 mg/l as CaCO3. Natural zeolites gave a lower percent between 11% to 42% from variations of standard water concentration which is given, while the zeolite active between 56% to 96%. The effect consistency of activator process is shown in the lowest elimination values of zeolite. The produce of activation process with consistency of 50% and higest value for consistency of 12,5%. Consistency of 12,5 % was used as consistency reference for other variation processes. The effect of activator liquid concentrate NaOH is not siginificant, indicated by narrows range between 2N NaOH and 1N NaOH is 78% to 92%. Activator liquid type NaCl gives a higher hardness percent 96% at standard water with high of hardness.

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