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INDONESIA
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia
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Articles 202 Documents
IMPROVEMENT REFRACTORY QUALITY OF ALUMINA SILICATE FOR BRASS SMELTING WITH INFILTRATION TECHNIQUE Ferli S. Irwansyah; Juliandri Juliandri; Iwan Hastiawan; Soewanto Rahardjo; Rifki Septawendar
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 1 (2010)
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Requirement of refractory materials for manufacturing industry and metal smelting is increasing along technology development. Brass smelting needs a larger size ceramic crucible which is known by the name "kowi". Therefore, it needed a refractory material from local raw materials are higher quality, which has a low porosity, high density, and high mechanical strength. In this study was conducted increasing refractory quality of alumina silicate as a material for manufacturing a brass smelting kowi by infiltration technique. The raw materials such as kaolin, alumina, and magnesium oxide that has been determinate composition were brooded, printed, half-baked burned, infiltrated with a various concentrations, and then burned again, physical and chemical characteristic testing, and also used a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to show morphology of refractory alumina silicate that have been infiltrated. The result showed that refractory alumina silicate was increase the qualities with porosity value of 11,36%, density value of 2,34 kg/m3, water absorbent of 4,85%, and mechanical strength of 129,072 kg/cm2 which can be used as "kowi" material for brass smelting industry.
HEAVY METAL REMOVAL AT SOLUTION WITH NATURAL ZEOLITE Saryati Saryati; Supardi Supardi; Supandi Suminta; Rohmad S.
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 1 (2010)
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This research studied the effect of chemical activation processes of natural zeolite to heavy metal removing efficiency (%) and chemical composition of natural zeolite. The solutions 0,5M of HCl,NH4OH, KOH and NaOH was used as an activator. Heavy metal solutions (Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Fe and Mn) of 50 ppm was used as sample. Chemical composition of zeolite was viewed semi-quantitatively using a SEM EDX. The result indicate that Si/Al ratio was decreased because alkali activity and increased because the acid activity. The efficiency of zeolite without chemical activation on disposal heavy metals in water reached above 80% for Cd,Pb,Cu and Fe, 44% for Zn and 21% for Mn. Activation of natural zeolite with acid generally reduce the efficiency, except Fe and Pb, whereas activation with mineral salts and alkaline generally increase disposal heavy metal efficiency.
SYNTHESIS MATERIAL OF ZEOLITE NANOPOROUS (ZSM-5) FROM COAL FLY ASH Bambang Sunendar Purwasasmita; Agung Kurnia; Arie Wibowo
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 1 (2010)
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Coal fly ash (CFA) is the waste of coal usage that requires serious attention on handling because it is have the large quantity and containing a dangerous substances for environmental. The interesting method of waste processing of CFA is using CFA as zeolite raw material because CFA have a rich silicate and alumina. In this study, CFA is used as a raw material for zeolite synthesis nanoporous (ZSM-5) so that expected could be a solution for waste processing of CFA and also could be deliver a valuable materials that needed on many applications. Based on the result of characterization XRD and SEM, was known that structure of ZSM-5 and other zeolites (Na12Al12Si12O48.27H2O and Na0,3Al2,564Si100O203,996) have been successfully synthesized on hydrothermal processing at temperature of 97°C and the pressure of 1,3 bar.
Prospects of Natural Zeolites in Indonesia for Industrial Separations and Environmental Management Yateman Arryanto; Siti Amini; Max G. Q. Lu
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2002)
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Zeolite as well as molecular sieves are a class of aluminosilicate materials, which have found wide use in industries for separation, purification and pollution control. In the new era of nanomaterials in the 21st century, these nanoporous materials have become more widely used in separation, catalysis and environmental management, even in microelectronic and energy storage sectors. The following briefly shows the great potential of natural zeolites for some important environmental applications: CO2 removal from landfill gas and coal seam gas using Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) with Clinoptilolites: Natural zeolite is not only a cheaper solution to the economical storage system of methane for NGVs but it also present a safer storage medium as alternative adsorbent such activated carbon is flammable and very costly. There is also an increasing interest in indoor air quality control issues among the building industries and health organizations. It has been demonstrated that clinoptilolite is particularly effective adsorbent for odours and some volatiles in indoor environment. Another area of importantnce of natural zeolites is the solar energy application. Zeolites can adsorb water vapour and create effective cooling with solar heat as the energy to regenerate the zeolite. Systems using zeolites can be designed in such a way that combined cooling and heating can be achieved at about 40-60% efficiency. Adsorption of Nitrogen and Oxygen in zeolites for PSA application Cp zeolite deposit has about 75% of the capacity of a commercial Mordenite zeolite for air separation at 30°C. The dynamics studies showed that Cp zeolite is suitable for N2 and O2 separation due to their large difference in adsorption kinetics.
PROSPECT OF ZEOLITE APPLICATION IN AGRICULTURE Suwardi Suwardi
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2002)
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Although zeolites have been known since the 50's the application of zeolites in Indonesia started in the 80's after promotion by the Mineral Technology Research Centre. Before that period, zeolites were only used as construction materials for wall decoration. Zeolites became popular after publication of zeolite research into many aspects of possible applications. Applications of zeolites are based on their characteristics. Initially natural zeolites were used as fillers in the paper industry, ion exchangers in water treatment, separation of nitrogen and oxygen, sorbents in drying, and construction materials. At the same time, applications of zeolites were developed as feed additives for animals and for water treatment in shrimp ponds. In some countries, zeolites have been used as industrial materials, improvement of agricultural production, and environmental protection. In agriculture, applications of zeolites can be used directly to soils as materials for growth media, mixed with manures during decomposition process, and for mixing with urea as slow release agent. The number of zeolite factories in Indonesia is still low and they produce zeolites in powder and grain forms. In recent years, some zeolite factories have been built to produce zeolites for material of industry, agriculture and environmental protection. The most important effort for zeolite factories is how to produce high quality of zeolite. The prospect of zeolite applications in agriculture is very good as (1) soil amelioration for low cation exchange capacity of soils, (2) material for mixing with fertilizer, (3) material as growth media for horticulture and seedling plantation plants, (4) material for improvement of compost quality, (5) material for water treatment of fish ponds, (6) food additives for animals.
STANDARDIZATION OF ZEOLITE MINERAL FOR QUALITY CONTROL Astiana Sastiono
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2002)
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Zeolite minerals in the past 20 years have been used n many aspect of agriculture, industry and environmental protection. Application of zeolites commercially depends on one or more of their physical and chemical characteristics. Natural zeolites are obtained as tuff rocks together with other minerals with the variation in their composition. Separation of the mineral is very difficult with any chemical process. In order to guarantee the quality of natural zeolites as a commercial product, we need to establish national standard of zeolites. Properties of zeolite such as particle size, mineral compositions, chemical properties and other properties need to be standardized.
NATURAL ZEOLITES STANDARDIZATION AS THE COMMODITY TOWARDS QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR ITS INDUSTRIAL USAGES Muta’alim Muta’alim
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2002)
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The quality of zeolite deposits at some locations are not the same, whereas in its utilizations, such as the utilization for the fertilizer carriers, the standard quality of zeolite should be fulfilled, for instances the cation exchange capacity should have a minimum value of 120 meq/100 gram, particle size should be "“10, +48 mesh, the zeolite grade was 50% of the tuff, and the moisture content was 8% in which its referred to the SNI 13-4696-1998, and that for the fowl and cattle food additives, the standard quality of the cation exchange capacity should be minimum value of 160meq/100gram, the particle size of "“28,+100 mesh, the zeolite grade 50%, and the moisture content of 5% which is related to SNI 13-4897-1998. Nowadays, there is not all zeolites for the industry utilizations have the standard yet, whereas the each of zeolite used should reach the quality standards. The process to attain the technical specification properties of the standard quality used for the commodity is called standardization. Standardization aspects include the procedures, the technology used, the environmental aspects, and the examinations used to be accurate and accredited. Based on the standard of the technical specifications, zeolites used will then be as commodities with assured qualities.
APPLICATION OF ZEOLITE IN INDUSTRIES AND ENVIRONMENTS Thamzil Las; Husen Zamroni
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2002)
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Zeolites are crystalline, hydrates of alumino-silicate mineral with a three-dimensional framework structure which are occured in Indonesia as large deposits in the form of near-pure minerals and of low cost. In recent years, many scientist have focused their research to develop these minerals to be used in science and technology applications. Because of their unique crystal structure, zeolites have the importance properties of sorption, ion-exchange, molecular sieving and catalysis, which enable to them to be used in various industrial processes, waste management and environmental pollution problems. This paper describes the prospect of clinoptilolite and mordenite, which have been investigated in many laboratories, to be considered for their utilization in the industries and environmental management.
INDONESIAN NATURAL ZEOLITES MARKETING Toni Toha Apandi
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2002)
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Natural zeolites have been known and studied in Indonesia since the 1980's. In 1986, a pilot processing plant for natural zeolites was built in Bayah, Lebak regency where some applied research was performed. This was with cooperation with the universities, research and development centres, technical institutions and others. By their cooperation, and informal recommendations relating to Indonesian zeolite deposits, the joint work has created a focus of applied research in a market segment which has the great possibility to be a captive market. It started from the fields of aquaculture of schrimp ponds, water treatment of drinking and sewage water, and agriculture. Beginning with the difficulty of getting a phosphate fertilizer, there is a booming of domestic natural zeolite demand in agriculture; even natural zeolites exports are also gradually increasing by means of international zeolites market growth and globalisation of information systems. Indonesia has great natural zeolites deposits and has attracted much attention from foreign entrepreneurs to invest in the zeolites business especially in the production of high quality zeolites. However, it is necessary to socialize and convince all of the potential association to join organizations in order to get more synergism between the members in chambers of commerce and industry (KADIN) as a facilitator, for example to facilitate a company association and a professional association such as Indonesian Zeolite Association (IZI) to coordinate their programme and planning.
EFFECTS OF ZEOLITE AND BLOOD FLOUR RATE AS THE SOURCE OF PROTEIN ON RANSOM ON PIG CARCASS QUALITY Pollung H. Siagian; Muladno Muladno; Alfonsus Agan Gurmilang
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2003)
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The objectives of this research is to know the effects of zeolite and blood flour rate effects as the source of protein on ransom on pig carcass quality. Pig carcass quality is influenced by several factors before and after slaughtering. One of the factors that influences pig carcass before slaughtering is feeding. The right feeding can fulfill the pig needs and increases the pig carcass quality. The average weight of 27 pigs used on this research is 25,59 ± 2,67 kg and the research design is 3´3 complete randomize design which the first factor is zeolite rate (0, 3, and 6%) and second rate is blood flour rate (0, 5, and 10%), so we have nine treatments ransom (R1 to R9) with three repetition on each treatment. The result showed that zeolite rate on ransom did not affect any parameter (P>0,05) and neither the blood flour, except for the loin eye area larger than 10% and without blood flour on ransom with the scores 31,16 ± 4,25; 27,74 ± 3,32, and 29,18 ± 4,85 cm2. The effect of interaction between zeolite rate and blood flour on ransom is very real (P0,05) on carcass percentage and the thickness of pig carcass back fat. The highest and the lowest slaughter weight and carcass weight is the pig whose have R5 and R4. The highest average of back fat thickness and loin eye area is the pig whose have R8 and R4 is the lowest. The pig whose have R7 and R4 each have the longest and shortest carcass while the highest carcass percentage is the pig whose have R4 and the lowest is R6.