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INDONESIA
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 202 Documents
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SELECTIVITY OF LAMPUNG ZEOLITE TOWARDS MATRICES CATIONS GENERATED FROM URANIUM FISSION Siti Amini; Dian Anggraini; Yusuf Nampira; Rosika Rosika; Noviarti Noviarti; Arif Nugroho
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2003)
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Selectivity of zeolite-lampung (ZKK) towards some matrices cations generated from uranium fission products has been investigated using some typical fission product-non-radioactive cations by cation exchange batch-system process. The previous investigation showed that zeolite-lampung is effectively able to absorb cesium ion from radioactive waste, consequently the presence of others cations i.e. generated cations from the uranium fission products are assumed as the competitive cations which may affect the zeolite selectivity on to Cs exchanges, on the otherhand the Cs-exchange capacity of zeolite would decrease. The main matrices cations which present in the natural zeolite are K+, Na+ and Ca2+and those are generated from fission products such as Cs+, Ba2+, Sr2+ and Ce4+ exist in the nuclear spent fuel solution. The ion exchanges of counterpart cations in zeolites with that each of Cs+, Ba2+, Sr2+ and Ce4+ ion or/and its mixtures have been examined. The selectivity of zeolite onto mentioned exchanged cations has been shown by the correlation of fraction of the cations concentration in the zeolite (Az) towards that in equilibrated solution (As). The results show that the raw zeolite Lampung selectivity is decrease in order to Cs+> Ba2+= Sr2+ > Ce4+. The exchanged capacity of zeolite into Cs+ ion is decreased by the presence of combining ions of Ba2+, Sr2+ and Ce4+, and so are those competitive cations.
MODIFICATION OF NATURAL ZEOLITE FROM CIKALONG WEST JAVA WITH HEXADECIL TRIMETIL AMMONIA AND ABSORPTION RATE TEST OF SULPHATE AND CHROMATE IONS Husaini Husaini; Trisna Soenara
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2003)
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Cikalong mordenit natural zeolite with the average of cation exchange capacity (CEC) 154,2 meq/100 g has been used on modification trial. This modification attempts to increases the rate of anions absorbtion of zeolite in solution. On this research, zeolite is modificated using HDTMA through stirring process on beaker glass. Before the modification start, zeolite is set on pH 5 using sodium acetate solution. Variables on this research are: zeolite size ("“10+18 mesh, -18+28 mesh, and "“28+48 mesh), and HDTMA dosage (50%, 100%, and 200%). Furthermore modification of zeolite is tested it's suphaate and chromate ions absorbtion rate. The modification of zeolite showed that the range of HDTMA weight percent that covers the surface of zeolite is 4,21 "“ 13,49% with the range of exchange ion capacity rate 137,05 "“ 143,00 meq/100 g. The best result of the absorbtion rate test is the -28 + 48 mesh zeolite with HDTMA dosage 200% for 49,46 mg/100g (5,15 mmol/kg) sulphate and for the cromat ion on -10 + 18 mesh zeolite with 50% HDTMA dosage, the absorbtion rate is 61,05 mg/100g (6,36 mmol/kg).
PRESERVATION OF HOT CHILI WITH ACTIVATED NATURAL ZEOLITE Dewi Fatimah; Lenny M. Estiaty
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2003)
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Investigation has been done for chilli (keriting and hot beauty type) preservation using natural silicate (zeolite). Zeolite from Cikancra (mordenite and clinoptilolite type is prepared in various particle sizes and activated at different temperatures. The activated zeolite is tested for its ability to absorb water. It is found that zeolite with particle size of -100 +140 mesh and activated at 400ºC has the highest capability for water absorption. This zeolite is then used in the preservation tests. Zeolite can extend the preservation of chillies up to 18 days for 'hot beauty' type and 23 days for 'keriting' type. Vitamin C plus (Vit.C + organics) content of chillies after preservation is also increased to 378.29 mg/100g (keriting) and 606.87 mg/100g for hot beauty. During preservation period, pH of hot beauty chilli is constant while pH of keriting chilli is decreased from 5.66 to 5.39. Carbohydrate content is increased for keriting chilli from 2.18% to 2.33% but it is decreased for hot beauty chilli from 2.77% to 2.01%. Total soluble solid (TSS) content of both chillies is decreased to below 0.95%. Water content of fresh chillies, for keriting type is 79.73% and for hot beauty type is 88.40%. Unexpectedly, fungi's are formed in small parts of chillies during preservation. However, in general, the preservation tests in closed system have produced fresh chillies with high nutrition content.
EFFECT OF ZEOLITE ON HEAVY METALS AND DISSOLVED CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES IN THE WATER: CASE STUDY OF STUDENT NEIGHBORHOOD AREA IN DARMAGA, WEST JAVA Dwita Siallagan; Suwardi Suwardi
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2003)
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Bad sanitation environment on student neighborhood area causes the decreasing of ground water quality, whereas the ground water is the main water source of that area. Physical, chemical, and biological parameters showed that the ground water which consumed are contaminated by organic matters from safety tank, ground particles and heavy metal (Fe and Mn). Fe and Mn rates on the well water are 0,0066-0,1657 mg/l dan 0,035-0,072 mg/l. While Fe and Mn ratea on waste water are 0,2193-0,7102 mg/l dan 1,90-4,70 mg/l. Dissolve solid suspention rate on the ground water and domestic waste water are 0,0066-0,1657 mg/l dan 0,035-0,072 mg/l respectively. Chemically, it was below the permitted limit 0,3 mg/l and 0,1 mg/l, but physically the ground water looks coloured, tested and smell. These may be caused by littering and too crowded neighborhood and organic matter intrusion to the well. One of the alternative to decrease the metal rate and dissolve solid suspention on water ground is using zeolite. Ground water analysis showed that zeolite can decreases the Fe and Mn rates from 0,92 ppm to 0,07 ppm and from 0,34 ppm to 0,048 ppm (around 85-90 %).
Improvement of Animal Manure by Mixing with Natural Zeolite Lenny Marilyn Estiaty; Dewi Fatimah; Yoshiaki Goto
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2003)
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Nowadays, Indonesia suffer a serious economic crisis. The situation is mainly caused by national industrial development strategy which is depend on import materials, e.g. in agriculture . In the cases, the national need are depend on import fertilizer, so that makes the national food stock become decreasing. This research is designed to offer another alternative in preparing and producing own fertilizer that we need, to solve the problem. New compotition of Animal manure has been made by addition of natural zeolite to gain a high nitrogen content. Characterisation analysis of materials included chemical composition of natural zeolite and manure fertilizer using AAS and Kyedhal analysis, structure analysis by XRD and SEM and CEC. The result of experiments showed that addition of natural zeolite to excrement (animal waste) increased the content of nitrogen and decreased the content of water in manure fertilizer. Ammonia absorption by natural zeolite with particle size of either "“8+14 or 14+20 mesh was almost similar. The nitrogen content of manure fertilizer which mixed with natural zeolite from kedung Banteng , Malang was bigger than that which mixed with natural zeolite from Cikancra, Tasikmalaya. The adsorbtion of water by natural zeolite of both particle sizes was also similar. Manure fertilizer which mixed with natural zeolite from Kedung Banteng was dryer than that which mixed with natural zeolite from Cikancra, Tasikmalaya. The improved animal manure has better properties like a high nitrogen content, dry and not malodorous.
SIMULATION OF X-RAY DIFFRACTION PATTERN OF A VARIOUS KINDS OF NATURAL ZEOLITE CRYSTAL USING RIETAN PROGRAM Supandi Suminta
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2003)
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The simulation analysis of natural zeolite crystal structure have been carried out using RIETAN program. The simulation results provide diffraction pattern of some crystal structure data representing as zeolite materials. There are two sets of input data : First Global parameter : a. parameter to correct the zero-point shift of the diffraction pattern : zero-point error,Z, b. parameter to calculate the background : background parameters. Second : Phase-dependent parameters : a. parameter to adjust integrated intensities :scale factor,S, b. prefered orientation parameters, c. profile parameters :FWHM parameters,d parameters to determine peak position : lattice parameters and e.crystal structure parameters: fractional coordinates. The output data contain some information such as:profile diffraction pattern, R factor, final adjusted parameters and their estimated standard deviations, lattice parameters and unit cell volume, structure parameters, number and weight of each species in the unit cell and density,and summary of reflection such as : hkl, 2 theta, d, observation intensity, calculated intensities and structure factors. These output data provide diffraction patterns for some zeolite phases, i.e. : clinoptilolite, heulandite, mordenite, analcime, phillipsite, chabazite and erionite. Results show that was significant and the application can be used for all kind of zeolites and other crystal materials in general applications. The program can be applied easily and the resulting patterns represent all phases significandly. RIETAN simulation program is expected to help hope that helpful suggestion for all people who are identification and characterisation of zeolites qualitatively.
EFFECT OF ZEOLITE ON EFFICIENCY OF P AND K FERTILIZERS IN THE PADDY FIELD Sarlan Abdulrachman; Zuziana Susanti
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2004)
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Zeolite generally have a very high exchange ion capacity and capability to catch ions. Therefore, zeolite is used on agriculture to reduce ion movement around the root zone and to increase the use of fertilizer by plant. A research have been established on 1999/2000 using zeolite from two sites that represent two type of soil, Planosol soil from Jakenan (Pati) and Podsolic soil from Tamanbogo (Lampung).Group randomize design with three repetition is used on this research. Fertilizer treatment on this research are 60-100 % P or K and 0-40% zeolite, 100% P or K + 200- 300% kg/ha zeolite. The final result of this research showed that in order to produce high quality of paddy on podsolic soil need the P fertilizer. The zeolite been given along with P fertilizer worth while to increases efficiency, even though it did not positively increasing yield. Adding 300 kg/ha zeolite can reduce the use of fertilizer around 20% P. The Same thing happened to fertilizer K on planosol. Zeolite plus which enriched by a number of minerals giving a better result compare to the one without enrichment. On greenhouse atmosphere, though dosage of zeolite plus (5-10 t/ha) used to increase exchange ion capacity on soil, producing rice around 11.9 t/ha. But on the field, the production decreases cause by heavier disease attack due to the too crowded plantation and too damp condition around the canopy. This is why it is necessary to give the right zeolite plus dosage, not just to increases efficiency, but also to make it financially reachable by the farmer.
ZEOPONIC AS GROWTH MEDIA OF HORTICULTURE PLANTS Suwardi Suwardi; M. Bagus Pangestu
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2004)
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Hydroponic is a method to growing up plant on non soil plant growth media (PGM) such as water, sand, gravel, carbon etc which mixes with other materials needed to grow the plants. The weaknesses of PGM are the low buffering capacity on electrical conductivity which can disturb the absorbtion of nutrients by plants. This can be caused by the low cation exchange capacity rate on the holding capacity of the media on nutrients. PGM such as zeoponic is made from zeolite and other materials like compost, peat moss, vermiculite, fertilizer, etc. The superiority of zeolite namely high cation exchange capacity and fertilizing efficiency rate, suitable for seed germination media and horticulture plant growth media, stable and more attractive performance. With these superiority, zeoponic became an alternative PGM which potential to increase horticulture plant production and to accommodate germination, both plantation and forestry. More over zeoponic made hydroponic became much easier to be done.
Synthesis of Artificial Zeolite from Coal Fly Ash by Alkali Treatments Bambang Triyatmo
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2004)
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Coal fly ash was treated with alkali (NaOH) water solution by heating up to about 100 oC for 12 and 24 hours. The coal fly ash used in this experiment was obtained from PLTU (Steam Power Electric Station) Suralaya, West Java, Indonesia. It was passed through a wire sieve with filter size of 46 mm. The NaOH solutions were reacted 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 M. The final products of the reactions were designated as 'artificial zeolites'. Result of this experiment indicated that the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 'artificial zeolites' were increased by increasing NaOH concentration up to 2,5 M. Higher CEC value of the 24 hours treated coal fly ash than that of the 12 hour treated ones. The CEC of 'artificial zeolites' increased by about 50 time for the coal fly ash. The XRD (X-ray Diffraction) pattern of the coal fly ash treated by 2,5 M NaOH which had highest CEC value were present new crystalline matters (possibility phillipsite) with sharp diffraction peaks at 2.7, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 5.1, 7.1 Ã…. The infrared (IR) spectrum of the 'artificial zeolite' exhibited the broad absorption band around 1,000 cm-1 and at about 3,500 cm-1. The analyzed 'artificial zeolite' showed steep descent around 100 oC in TG (Thermogravity), a small endothermic peak below 100 oC and a deep endothermic peak from 130 oC in DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis), representing presence of micropore structure of new zeolite species (probability phillipsite). The scanning electron micrograph of the 'artificial zeolite' showed spherical structure with chinks formed in the 2,5 M NaOH treatment.
Improvement of Cation Exchange Capacity of Natural Zeolite with Alkali Treatments Eko Hanudin; Bambang Triyatmo
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2004)
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The natural zeolite was treated with alkali (NaOH) solution and heating at 100 oC for 12 and 24 hours. The natural zeolite was collected from Gunungkidul, Jogjakarta, Indonesia. The series of NaOH solutions was 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 M. The final product of the reaction (precipitate) was designated as 'activated natural zeolite (ANZ)'. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the ANZ increased with increasing NaOH concentration up to 1.5-3.5 M. Treatment with NaOH 3.5 M and 12 hours in period of hydrothermal reaction resulted in a maximum CEC (395.6 cmol.kg-1). The maximum CEC also observed for treatment with NaOH 1,5 M, but consumed a longer time (24 hours). The increase in the CEC of the ANZ about 300 % higher than the original one. The XRD (X-ray Diffraction) peaks of the ANZ appear at 2.7, 3.2, 4.1, 5.1, 7.2 Ã…, this indicated a new crystalline matters (possibility phillipsite) present. Electron micrograph showed that the ANZ has a large cubic/prismatic structure with a perfect form.

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